{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1564685408","doi":null,"title":"Global Standards for National Administrative Procedure","display_name":"Global Standards for National Administrative Procedure","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1564685408","mag":"1564685408"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.duke.edu:lcp-1363","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol68/iss3/4","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol68/iss3/4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402048","display_name":"Duke Law Scholarship Repository (Duke University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","host_organization_name":"Duke University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Law and Contemporary Problems","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol68/iss3/4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082157584","display_name":"Sabino Cassese","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sabino Cassese","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082157584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.4688,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97527556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"3","first_page":"109","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12986","display_name":"Administrative Law and Governance","score":0.5410000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12986","display_name":"Administrative Law and Governance","score":0.5410000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12156","display_name":"World Trade Organization Law","score":0.4377000033855438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12040","display_name":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/administrative-procedure","display_name":"administrative procedure","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wto-dispute-settlement","display_name":"WTO dispute settlement","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gatt-article-xi","display_name":"GATT Article XI","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-to-be-heard","display_name":"right to be heard","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-to-appeal","display_name":"right of appeal","score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-to-review","display_name":"right to review","score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-to-a-reasoned-decision","display_name":"right to a reasoned decision","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.7608757615089417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.51514732837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4841340482234955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.44343942403793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183988256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216996","display_name":"United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea","level":3,"score":0.42500805854797363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4218376576900482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.41245758533477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.33228397369384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.31336086988449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55447825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4394526","display_name":"International law","level":2,"score":0.256899893283844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.duke.edu:lcp-1363","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol68/iss3/4","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol68/iss3/4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402048","display_name":"Duke Law Scholarship Repository (Duke University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","host_organization_name":"Duke University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Law and Contemporary Problems","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1564685408","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.iilj.org/publications/documents/10120504_Cassese.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765008069","display_name":"Law and Contemporary Problems","issn_l":"0023-9186","issn":["0023-9186","1945-2322"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315552","host_organization_name":"Duke University School of Law","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315552","https://openalex.org/P4310315572"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duke University School of Law","Duke University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Law and Contemporary Problems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.duke.edu:lcp-1363","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol68/iss3/4","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol68/iss3/4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402048","display_name":"Duke Law Scholarship Repository (Duke University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","host_organization_name":"Duke University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Law and Contemporary Problems","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.833299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1564685408.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1564685408.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W762590871","https://openalex.org/W2172255456","https://openalex.org/W1854310117","https://openalex.org/W2531014601","https://openalex.org/W7223076528","https://openalex.org/W3035483910","https://openalex.org/W179182125","https://openalex.org/W1505735915","https://openalex.org/W2302493432","https://openalex.org/W436500476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"I":[0],"INTRODUCTION":[1],"In":[2,108],"1989,":[3],"the":[4,11,34,44,65,78,94,97,103,120,137,152,178,202,208,215,254,257,316,343,350,353,380,409,428,436,443,449,460,478,485,492,498,526,531,537,580,605],"United":[5,109,138,180,216],"States":[6,139,181,217],"imposed":[7,509],"an":[8,49,235,366,503],"embargo":[9,39,56],"on":[10,68,84,93,284,417,430],"importation":[12],"of":[13,61,64,81,96,102,112,128,151,161,192,201,204,210,214,227,256,278,289,311,335,345,349,365,379,401,451,462,521,601,608],"shrimp":[14,26],"from":[15,52,342],"countries":[16,407,434],"that":[17,125,174,247,423,552,558,592,617],"used":[18],"fishing":[19],"methods":[20],"harmful":[21],"to":[22,47,57,158,224,238,242,244,263,266,376,384,426,539,569,579,586,615,621],"marine":[23,35],"turtles.":[24],"The":[25,38,184,488],"were":[27],"not":[28,322,332,389,497],"a":[29,59,141,169,261,309,363,394,399,414],"protected":[30],"endangered":[31],"species,":[32],"but":[33],"turtles":[36],"were.":[37],"was":[40,373],"thus":[41],"motivated":[42],"by":[43,136,177,199,340,442,457,474,547],"rightful":[45],"concern":[46],"protect":[48],"animal":[50],"species":[51],"extinction.":[53],"Claiming":[54],"this":[55],"be":[58,239,249],"violation":[60],"Article":[62,377],"XI":[63],"General":[66],"Agreement":[67],"Tariffs":[69],"and":[70,89,115,146,295,481,524,550,557,588,627],"Trade":[71,105],"1994":[72],"(GATT":[73],"1994),":[74],"which":[75,143,302,385,396,502,540],"provided":[76],"for":[77,234,286,352,357,424,597],"general":[79],"elimination":[80],"quantitative":[82],"restrictions":[83],"trade,":[85],"India,":[86],"Malaysia,":[87],"Pakistan,":[88],"Thailand":[90],"commenced":[91],"proceedings":[92],"basis":[95],"Dispute":[98],"Settlement":[99],"Understanding":[100],"(DSU)":[101],"World":[104],"Organization":[106],"(WTO).":[107],"States--Import":[110],"Prohibition":[111],"Certain":[113],"Shrimp":[114,116],"Products":[117],"(Shrimp-Turtle),":[118],"(1)":[119],"WTO":[121,153],"Appellate":[122],"Body":[123],"concluded":[124],"Section":[126,164,188,293,299],"609":[127,189],"Public":[129],"Law":[130],"101-162":[131],"(2)":[132,166],"has":[133],"been":[134],"applied":[135,392,483],"in":[140,207,253,308,315,393,501,530,563],"manner":[142,395],"constitutes":[144],"arbitrary":[145,402,431],"unjustifiable":[147,404],"discrimination":[148,405,432],"between":[149,406,433],"Members":[150],"...[:]":[154],"(3)":[155],"[W]ith":[156],"respect":[157,223,427,448,556,622],"neither":[159],"type":[160,288],"certification":[162,172,185,258,268,305],"under":[163,187,292,298],"609(b)":[165],"is":[167,175,230,269,282,368,496,613],"there":[168,229],"transparent,":[170],"predictable":[171],"process":[173,259,464],"followed":[176],"competent":[179],"government":[182],"officials.":[183],"processes":[186],"consist":[190],"principally":[191],"administrative":[193,469],"ex":[194],"parte":[195],"inquiry":[196],"or":[197,241,265,280,297,348,360,403,413,506,603],"verification":[198],"staff":[200,213],"Office":[203],"Marine":[205,219],"Conservation":[206],"Department":[209],"State":[211],"with":[212],"National":[218],"Fisheries":[220],"Service.":[221],"With":[222],"both":[225],"types":[226],"certification,":[228,290],"no":[231,272],"formal":[232,273],"opportunity":[233],"applicant":[236],"country":[237],"heard,":[240],"respond":[243],"any":[245],"arguments":[246],"may":[248,561],"made":[250,374],"against":[251],"it,":[252],"course":[255],"before":[260],"decision":[262,372],"grant":[264],"deny":[267],"made.":[270],"Moreover,":[271],"written,":[274],"reasoned":[275],"decision,":[276],"whether":[277,291],"acceptance":[279],"rejection,":[281],"rendered":[283],"applications":[285,313,327],"either":[287],"609(b)(2)(A)":[294],"(B)":[296],"609(b)(2)(C).":[300],"Countries":[301,325],"are":[303,306,321,328,388,576],"granted":[304],"included":[307],"list":[310,344],"approved":[312,346],"published":[314],"Federal":[317],"Register;":[318],"however,":[319],"they":[320,446,528],"notified":[323],"specifically.":[324],"whose":[326],"denied":[329],"also":[330,465],"do":[331],"receive":[333],"notice":[334],"such":[386],"denial":[337,364],"(other":[338],"than":[339],"omission":[341],"applications)":[347],"reasons":[351],"denial.":[354],"No":[355],"procedure":[356],"review":[358],"of,":[359],"appeal":[361],"from,":[362],"application":[367],"provided.":[369],"(4)":[370],"This":[371,516,534],"pursuant":[375],"XX":[378],"GATT":[381,444],"1994,":[382],"according":[383],"measures":[387],"[to":[390],"be]":[391],"would":[397],"constitute":[398],"means":[400],"where":[408,435],"same":[410,437],"conditions":[411,438],"prevail,":[412,439],"disguised":[415],"restriction":[416],"international":[418,479,504,507,590],"trade....":[419],"(5)":[420],"It":[421],"follows":[422],"states":[425],"prohibition":[429,495],"as":[440],"required":[441],"norm,":[445],"must":[447,555],"principle":[450,461],"due":[452,463],"process.":[453],"Though":[454,567],"usually":[455],"established":[456,476],"national":[458,468,486,544,553,571,618],"laws,":[459],"can":[466],"enter":[467],"law":[470,542],"through":[471],"another":[472],"door:":[473],"being":[475],"at":[477,484],"level":[480],"then":[482],"one.":[487],"Shrimp-Turtle":[489],"case":[490,500],"concerning":[491],"U.S.":[493],"import":[494],"only":[499],"treaty":[505],"organization":[508],"procedural":[510],"principles":[511,523,549],"upon":[512],"state":[513],"administrations.":[514],"(6)":[515],"article":[517],"will":[518],"examine":[519],"some":[520],"these":[522,574],"evaluate":[525],"way":[527],"operate":[529],"global":[532,541,581,623],"context.":[533],"topic":[535],"illustrates":[536],"degree":[538],"penetrates":[543],"legal":[545,572,599],"systems":[546],"dictating":[548],"criteria":[551],"administrations":[554,619],"private":[559],"actors":[560],"wield":[562],"their":[564],"own":[565],"interest.":[566],"belonging":[568],"different":[570],"systems,":[573],"rules":[575],"nevertheless":[577],"subject":[578],"system.":[582],"We":[583],"have":[584],"come":[585],"expect":[587],"accept":[589],"organizations":[591],"set":[593],"substantive":[594,624],"standards":[595],"(establishing,":[596],"example,":[598],"levels":[600],"pollution":[602],"limiting":[604],"genetic":[606],"manipulation":[607],"agricultural":[609],"products),":[610],"so":[611],"it":[612],"easy":[614],"argue":[616],"ought":[620],"goals,":[625],"standards,":[626],"criteria.":[628],"\u2026":[629]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
