{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1562662425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","title":"Psychological Aspects of Cosmetic Surgery Among Females: A Media Literacy Training Intervention","display_name":"Psychological Aspects of Cosmetic Surgery Among Females: A Media Literacy Training Intervention","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1562662425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","mag":"1562662425","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26383204","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4803990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/gjhs/article/download/46185/26756","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2755631367","display_name":"Global Journal of Health Science","issn_l":"1916-9736","issn":["1916-9736","1916-9744"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Health Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/gjhs/article/download/46185/26756","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069947415","display_name":"Zahra Khazir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-5037","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-5037"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahra Khazir","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran","Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023120862","display_name":"Tahereh Dehdari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5670-3077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5670-3077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tahereh Dehdari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran","Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. P.O.Box 15875-4199, Tehran, Iran. Tel: 98-21-86704625. E-mail: dehdarit@yahoo.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. P.O.Box 15875-4199, Tehran, Iran. Tel: 98-21-86704625. E-mail: dehdarit@yahoo.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075031910","display_name":"Mahmood Mahmoodi Majdabad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmood Mahmoodi Majdabad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mahmoodim@tums.ac.ir","Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mahmoodim@tums.ac.ir","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030995395","display_name":"Said Pournaghash Tehrani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2273-6038","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2273-6038"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Said Pournaghash Tehrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran","School of Psychology , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran","Department of Bsychology, School of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology , University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bsychology, School of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023120862"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0425,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77799586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"35","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12663","display_name":"Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12663","display_name":"Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13169","display_name":"Consumer Perception and Purchasing Behavior","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10263","display_name":"Eating Disorders and Behaviors","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-dysmorphic-disorder","display_name":"body dysmorphic disorder","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-dissatisfaction","display_name":"body dissatisfaction","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-esteem","display_name":"self-esteem","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-literacy-training","display_name":"media literacy training","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-cosmetic-surgery","display_name":"attitudes toward cosmetic surgery","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-university-students","display_name":"female university students","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-influence-on-body-image","display_name":"media influence on body image","score":0.6660000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.728168249130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778319590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10981881","display_name":"Self-esteem","level":2,"score":0.5422530770301819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5410197973251343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97628146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507246","display_name":"Media literacy","level":2,"score":0.5394006967544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5250542163848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.44601160287857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.42260026931762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40593644976615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2569982409477234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001828","descriptor_name":"Body Image","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003357","descriptor_name":"Cosmetic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007492","descriptor_name":"Iran","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012649","descriptor_name":"Self Concept","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014930","descriptor_name":"Women","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057215","descriptor_name":"Body Dysmorphic Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057220","descriptor_name":"Health Literacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/gjhs/article/download/46185/26756","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2755631367","display_name":"Global Journal of Health Science","issn_l":"1916-9736","issn":["1916-9736","1916-9744"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Health Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3806971","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4803990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:26383204","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26383204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global journal of health science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4803990","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4803990/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Glob J Health Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ibn:gjhsjl:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:35","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/gjhs/article/download/46185/26756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p35","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/gjhs/article/download/46185/26756","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2755631367","display_name":"Global Journal of Health Science","issn_l":"1916-9736","issn":["1916-9736","1916-9744"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Health Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313199","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1562662425.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1562662425.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W106690194","https://openalex.org/W182108940","https://openalex.org/W1499602558","https://openalex.org/W1552450342","https://openalex.org/W1693831561","https://openalex.org/W1820482446","https://openalex.org/W1969048789","https://openalex.org/W1970662516","https://openalex.org/W1975882507","https://openalex.org/W1984322685","https://openalex.org/W1985154061","https://openalex.org/W2001916422","https://openalex.org/W2012377823","https://openalex.org/W2012634312","https://openalex.org/W2017618365","https://openalex.org/W2020212028","https://openalex.org/W2020352500","https://openalex.org/W2024737110","https://openalex.org/W2029325978","https://openalex.org/W2046159742","https://openalex.org/W2059840187","https://openalex.org/W2063160183","https://openalex.org/W2075935079","https://openalex.org/W2077268095","https://openalex.org/W2080402734","https://openalex.org/W2085529156","https://openalex.org/W2090124460","https://openalex.org/W2092068458","https://openalex.org/W2103308829","https://openalex.org/W2112181252","https://openalex.org/W2118747405","https://openalex.org/W2125864335","https://openalex.org/W2144917749","https://openalex.org/W2147036891","https://openalex.org/W2147161620","https://openalex.org/W2147225769","https://openalex.org/W2151961963","https://openalex.org/W2156977123","https://openalex.org/W2162798768","https://openalex.org/W2170288206","https://openalex.org/W2523364226","https://openalex.org/W2980638015","https://openalex.org/W3118104921","https://openalex.org/W4240275298","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984322685","https://openalex.org/W2529624290","https://openalex.org/W7220598133","https://openalex.org/W3117842898","https://openalex.org/W2607503352","https://openalex.org/W816042625","https://openalex.org/W2069381981","https://openalex.org/W7167645432","https://openalex.org/W2405122475","https://openalex.org/W4383536094"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"The":[1,39,97],"present":[2],"study":[3,34,40],"examined":[4],"the":[5,52,56,77,94,131,135,144,151],"favorable":[6,117,160],"attitude":[7,161],"of":[8,11,103,153],"a":[9,27,36],"sample":[10,41],"female":[12,44],"university":[13,45],"students":[14,46],"regarding":[15],"elective":[16,163],"cosmetic":[17,62,164],"surgery,":[18,63,165],"body":[19,24,64,69,119,123,166,170],"dysmorphic":[20,65,120,167],"disorder,":[21,66],"self-esteem":[22,67,139],"and":[23,79,109,122,169],"dissatisfaction":[25,124,171],"following":[26],"media":[28,84,154],"literacy":[29,85,155],"training":[30,86],"intervention.":[31],"METHODS:":[32],"This":[33],"was":[35,71,99],"quasi-experimental":[37],"type.":[38],"included":[42],"140":[43],"who":[47],"were":[48,88,126],"allocated":[49],"to":[50],"either":[51],"intervention":[53,78,95,132,145,156],"(n=70)":[54],"or":[55],"control":[57,136],"group":[58,133],"(n=70).":[59],"Attitude":[60],"toward":[61],"and,":[68],"satisfaction":[70],"measured":[72],"in":[73,130,143,157],"both":[74],"groups":[75],"before":[76],"4":[80,91],"weeks":[81,92],"later.":[82],"Four":[83],"sessions":[87],"conducted":[89],"over":[90],"for":[93],"group.":[96,137,146],"data":[98],"analyzed":[100],"through":[101],"analysis":[102],"covariance,":[104],"student's":[105],"paired-samples":[106],"t":[107],"test,":[108],"Pearson":[110],"correlation.":[111],"RESULTS:":[112],"Our":[113,148],"findings":[114],"showed":[115],"that":[116],"attitude,":[118],"disorder":[121,168],"scores":[125],"significantly":[127,142],"lower":[128],"(p<0.05)":[129],"than":[134],"Furthermore,":[138],"score":[140],"increased":[141],"CONCLUSIONS:":[147],"results":[149],"underscores":[150],"importance":[152],"decreasing":[158],"female's":[159],"towards":[162],"as":[172,174],"well":[173],"increasing":[175],"self-esteem.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}