{"id":"https://openalex.org/W15624412","doi":null,"title":"Deaf People, Modernity, and a Contentious Effort to Unify Arab Sign Languages.","display_name":"Deaf People, Modernity, and a Contentious Effort to Unify Arab Sign Languages.","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W15624412","mag":"15624412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt23n5f0h5","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23n5f0h5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011326432","display_name":"Kinda Al-Fityani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kinda Al-Fityani","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011326432"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deaf-people","display_name":"deaf people","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arab-nationalism","display_name":"Arab nationalism","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modernity","display_name":"modernity","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicostatistics","display_name":"lexicostatistics","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language-history","display_name":"history of sign language","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deaf-education","display_name":"deaf education","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/al-jazeera","display_name":"Al Jazeera","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic language","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deafness","display_name":"deafness","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-policy","display_name":"language policy","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/israel","display_name":"Israel","score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jordan","display_name":"Jordan","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kuwait","display_name":"Kuwait","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/libya","display_name":"Libya","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palestine","display_name":"Palestine","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5876896381378174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5248858332633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778682666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11084414","display_name":"Modernity","level":2,"score":0.5025184154510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.45234858989715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4066891670227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.33948904275894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt23n5f0h5","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23n5f0h5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},{"id":"mag:15624412","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt23n5f0h5/qt23n5f0h5.pdf?t=ml37fj","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306478302","display_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4099999964237213}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23917084","https://openalex.org/W93112160","https://openalex.org/W398982920","https://openalex.org/W424995959","https://openalex.org/W609568101","https://openalex.org/W616205183","https://openalex.org/W1489368186","https://openalex.org/W1496324522","https://openalex.org/W1600952836","https://openalex.org/W1738286981","https://openalex.org/W1748023950","https://openalex.org/W1957504465","https://openalex.org/W1969328386","https://openalex.org/W1984963327","https://openalex.org/W1995902707","https://openalex.org/W2001256456","https://openalex.org/W2003802022","https://openalex.org/W2007398701","https://openalex.org/W2039575105","https://openalex.org/W2064784296","https://openalex.org/W2076301130","https://openalex.org/W2085484704","https://openalex.org/W2094193303","https://openalex.org/W2121393013","https://openalex.org/W2129092073","https://openalex.org/W2587078157","https://openalex.org/W2616256259","https://openalex.org/W2799561708","https://openalex.org/W3154739585"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7205422536","https://openalex.org/W4393941460","https://openalex.org/W4410396264","https://openalex.org/W7095197908","https://openalex.org/W2130166681","https://openalex.org/W7161182634","https://openalex.org/W2572422810","https://openalex.org/W2165818962","https://openalex.org/W2735993704","https://openalex.org/W1736569724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,190],"dissertation":[1,191],"examines":[2],"a":[3,40,80,86,115,170,205,215,218,318],"project":[4,38,75,141,249,275],"to":[5,44,111,121,139,153,181,238,299],"unify":[6,122],"sign":[7,92,164,188,262,273,313],"languages":[8,93,263],"across":[9],"twenty-two":[10],"Arab":[11,50,72,148,287,291],"countries.":[12],"Proponents":[13],"of":[14,24,26,48,70,82,89,114,207,217,259,269,282,303,305,309,320],"the":[15,22,27,30,37,46,67,96,104,140,154,162,175,200,232,242,248,290,306,332],"project,":[16,234],"mainly":[17],"pan-Arab":[18,239],"governmental":[19],"bodies":[20],"with":[21,223],"support":[23],"members":[25],"staff":[28],"at":[29],"Al":[31],"Jazeera":[32],"satellite":[33],"network,":[34],"have":[35,53,63,143],"framed":[36],"as":[39,66,214,252,315,317],"human":[41,310],"rights":[42],"effort":[43],"advance":[45],"welfare":[47],"deaf":[49,60,71,147,286],"people.":[51,73],"They":[52,157],"urged":[54],"its":[55,280,300],"institutionalization":[56],"in":[57,95,174,209,278],"schools":[58],"for":[59,322,331],"children":[61],"and":[62,78,102,136,183,198,227,241,264,326],"promoted":[64],"it":[65],"official":[68,257],"language":[69,165,274],"The":[74,271],"is":[76,212,221,236],"controversial":[77],"has":[79],"number":[81],"shortcomings.":[83],"First,":[84],"from":[85],"lexicostatistical":[87],"analysis":[88],"five":[90],"natural":[91,187,261],"found":[94],"region:":[97],"Israel,":[98],"Jordan,":[99],"Kuwait,":[100],"Libya,":[101],"Palestine,":[103],"author":[105],"finds":[106],"that":[107,142,220,328],"they":[108,159,168,178],"are":[109,133,151,329],"unlikely":[110],"be":[112,125,297],"descendants":[113],"common":[116],"ancestor.":[117],"As":[118],"such,":[119],"attempting":[120],"them":[123],"would":[124],"unsound":[126],"by":[127,146,195,265,285],"scholarly":[128],"linguistics":[129],"standards.":[130],"Second,":[131],"there":[132],"cultural,":[134],"political,":[135],"social":[137],"objections":[138],"been":[144],"raised":[145],"people":[149,288],"who":[150],"resistant":[152],"unification":[155,233],"effort.":[156],"say":[158],"cannot":[160],"understand":[161],"unified":[163,272],"nor":[166],"can":[167,296],"find":[169],"purpose":[171],"or":[172],"utility":[173],"language,":[176],"which":[177,210],"believe":[179],"threatens":[180],"diminish":[182],"eventually":[184],"obliterate":[185],"their":[186,224,260],"languages.":[189],"reviews":[192],"arguments":[193],"held":[194],"those":[196],"supporting":[197,231],"opposing":[199,247],"project.":[201],"Both":[202],"sides":[203],"claim":[204],"vision":[206],"modernity":[208],"progress":[211,235,251],"perceived":[213],"continuation":[216],"past":[219],"consistent":[222],"present":[225],"practices":[226,325],"beliefs.":[228],"For":[229],"proponents":[230],"tied":[237],"nationalism":[240],"unifying":[243],"Arabic":[244],"language.":[245],"Those":[246],"define":[250],"gaining":[253],"more":[254],"autonomy":[255],"through":[256],"recognition":[258],"transforming":[266],"disparaging":[267],"concepts":[268],"deafness.":[270],"may":[276],"fail":[277],"achieving":[279],"goal":[281],"wide":[283],"acceptance":[284],"throughout":[289],"region.":[292],"Its":[293],"potential":[294],"demise":[295],"attributed":[298],"architects'":[301],"lack":[302,319],"understanding":[304],"deep":[307],"complexity":[308],"languages,":[311,314],"including":[312],"well":[316],"appreciation":[321],"informal,":[323],"local":[324],"knowledge":[327],"required":[330],"project's":[333],"success":[334]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":34}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
