{"id":"https://openalex.org/W156089927","doi":null,"title":"REFINEMENT OF INHIBITORY CIRCUITS DURING DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAMMALIAN AUDITORY BRAINSTEM","display_name":"REFINEMENT OF INHIBITORY CIRCUITS DURING DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAMMALIAN AUDITORY BRAINSTEM","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W156089927","mag":"156089927"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:10406","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054682836","display_name":"Gunsoo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9318-8329","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9318-8329"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gunsoo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9318-8329","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054682836"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10334","display_name":"Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics","score":0.8539999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10334","display_name":"Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics","score":0.8539999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.11240000277757645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10788","display_name":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lateral-superior-olive","display_name":"lateral superior olive","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medial-nucleus-of-the-trapezoid-body","display_name":"medial nucleus of the trapezoid body","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tonotopic-organization","display_name":"tonotopic organization","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sound-localization","display_name":"sound localization","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycinergic-inhibition","display_name":"glycinergic inhibition","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gabaergic-inhibition","display_name":"GABAergic inhibition","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptic-pruning","display_name":"synaptic pruning","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptic-potentiation","display_name":"synaptic potentiation","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantal-size","display_name":"quantal size","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/release-sites","display_name":"release sites","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-activity","display_name":"spontaneous activity","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auditory-brainstem-development","display_name":"auditory brainstem development","score":0.9589999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17077164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185869","display_name":"Inhibitory postsynaptic potential","level":2,"score":0.8282347321510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7835580","display_name":"Trapezoid body","level":3,"score":0.8215930461883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7939921617507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112592302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207387","display_name":"Excitatory postsynaptic potential","level":3,"score":0.6731463670730591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551621295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182228","display_name":"Brainstem","level":2,"score":0.6625354886054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776512019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1816418","display_name":"Efferent","level":3,"score":0.656435489654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779177108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18356742","display_name":"GABAergic","level":3,"score":0.5673959255218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35599011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426887","display_name":"Glycine receptor","level":4,"score":0.5561637282371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777662796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387776","display_name":"Cochlear nucleus","level":3,"score":0.5313535332679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780723820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934178","display_name":"Nucleus","level":2,"score":0.49428486824035645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778037994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3881782","display_name":"Superior olivary complex","level":4,"score":0.4397934079170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.35805273056030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777756961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620730","display_name":"Glycine","level":3,"score":0.17326620221138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779263132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2215671","display_name":"Afferent","level":2,"score":0.07403749227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:10406","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"mag:156089927","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:10406","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/10406/1/Gunsoo_Kim_Dissertation_Dec_2004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W156089927.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W156089927.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":159,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W174399797","https://openalex.org/W1479804274","https://openalex.org/W1488323730","https://openalex.org/W1501153304","https://openalex.org/W1514853588","https://openalex.org/W1555506001","https://openalex.org/W1565734615","https://openalex.org/W1569092261","https://openalex.org/W1572640432","https://openalex.org/W1603075051","https://openalex.org/W1606945552","https://openalex.org/W1614445885","https://openalex.org/W1632057558","https://openalex.org/W1687532913","https://openalex.org/W1750423480","https://openalex.org/W1760781143","https://openalex.org/W1839779248","https://openalex.org/W1861463350","https://openalex.org/W1877594537","https://openalex.org/W1912895564","https://openalex.org/W1963806203","https://openalex.org/W1964933128","https://openalex.org/W1967075253","https://openalex.org/W1967205888","https://openalex.org/W1969023217","https://openalex.org/W1969205548","https://openalex.org/W1969808806","https://openalex.org/W1972655743","https://openalex.org/W1976013316","https://openalex.org/W1976182199","https://openalex.org/W1982280357","https://openalex.org/W1982662313","https://openalex.org/W1984554593","https://openalex.org/W1984739432","https://openalex.org/W1986315354","https://openalex.org/W1986476780","https://openalex.org/W1987906661","https://openalex.org/W1992618627","https://openalex.org/W1992792117","https://openalex.org/W1993222366","https://openalex.org/W1993482929","https://openalex.org/W1994203855","https://openalex.org/W1994973736","https://openalex.org/W1995583910","https://openalex.org/W1996809637","https://openalex.org/W1997381540","https://openalex.org/W2000460900","https://openalex.org/W2000669317","https://openalex.org/W2001627575","https://openalex.org/W2001727514","https://openalex.org/W2002679708","https://openalex.org/W2004054097","https://openalex.org/W2005009527","https://openalex.org/W2007473766","https://openalex.org/W2013639040","https://openalex.org/W2015701831","https://openalex.org/W2017461503","https://openalex.org/W2021897528","https://openalex.org/W2021951137","https://openalex.org/W2022743067","https://openalex.org/W2023946490","https://openalex.org/W2025066952","https://openalex.org/W2025483810","https://openalex.org/W2025626596","https://openalex.org/W2025799360","https://openalex.org/W2026568280","https://openalex.org/W2030159093","https://openalex.org/W2031452156","https://openalex.org/W2033576053","https://openalex.org/W2034572289","https://openalex.org/W2035972116","https://openalex.org/W2037435495","https://openalex.org/W2038710805","https://openalex.org/W2038774555","https://openalex.org/W2039620246","https://openalex.org/W2040642563","https://openalex.org/W2041844713","https://openalex.org/W2043385322","https://openalex.org/W2044202654","https://openalex.org/W2044500873","https://openalex.org/W2047262515","https://openalex.org/W2049578043","https://openalex.org/W2049978992","https://openalex.org/W2057727146","https://openalex.org/W2059381606","https://openalex.org/W2060304640","https://openalex.org/W2061550879","https://openalex.org/W2061569848","https://openalex.org/W2063609492","https://openalex.org/W2063744756","https://openalex.org/W2064995788","https://openalex.org/W2065661471","https://openalex.org/W2068507111","https://openalex.org/W2069306062","https://openalex.org/W2072816770","https://openalex.org/W2076171494","https://openalex.org/W2076657715","https://openalex.org/W2076824584","https://openalex.org/W2077212686","https://openalex.org/W2077862802","https://openalex.org/W2079075815","https://openalex.org/W2079519119","https://openalex.org/W2079746759","https://openalex.org/W2080423414","https://openalex.org/W2080809219","https://openalex.org/W2081342733","https://openalex.org/W2081348944","https://openalex.org/W2082691527","https://openalex.org/W2083579647","https://openalex.org/W2084403228","https://openalex.org/W2084629278","https://openalex.org/W2085287004","https://openalex.org/W2086210608","https://openalex.org/W2086269846","https://openalex.org/W2087459771","https://openalex.org/W2088703515","https://openalex.org/W2089178397","https://openalex.org/W2089769736","https://openalex.org/W2092959146","https://openalex.org/W2093428018","https://openalex.org/W2095879283","https://openalex.org/W2096473662","https://openalex.org/W2099309722","https://openalex.org/W2100619983","https://openalex.org/W2101457206","https://openalex.org/W2107674902","https://openalex.org/W2107824553","https://openalex.org/W2109121146","https://openalex.org/W2110826992","https://openalex.org/W2112075984","https://openalex.org/W2115167440","https://openalex.org/W2116608528","https://openalex.org/W2117770051","https://openalex.org/W2122113735","https://openalex.org/W2123418665","https://openalex.org/W2130464434","https://openalex.org/W2132889095","https://openalex.org/W2133867392","https://openalex.org/W2135719591","https://openalex.org/W2145897115","https://openalex.org/W2146625520","https://openalex.org/W2147285542","https://openalex.org/W2147958751","https://openalex.org/W2149858533","https://openalex.org/W2150214002","https://openalex.org/W2150947418","https://openalex.org/W2157622411","https://openalex.org/W2165906862","https://openalex.org/W2168358869","https://openalex.org/W2171390108","https://openalex.org/W2172078136","https://openalex.org/W2228956528","https://openalex.org/W2325793569","https://openalex.org/W2341918732","https://openalex.org/W2396883127","https://openalex.org/W2412205269","https://openalex.org/W2999729612","https://openalex.org/W4321429493","https://openalex.org/W4327635065"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W173848693","https://openalex.org/W19204381","https://openalex.org/W7027838148","https://openalex.org/W2088703515","https://openalex.org/W2096089101","https://openalex.org/W790208375","https://openalex.org/W7100134239","https://openalex.org/W2151094618","https://openalex.org/W746225443","https://openalex.org/W2085179985"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Establishing":[0],"precise":[1,111],"neuronal":[2,23],"connections":[3,24,38,58],"is":[4,17,46,94,124,175,258],"crucial":[5],"for":[6,303],"normal":[7,297],"brain":[8],"function.":[9],"In":[10,27,49,185,266],"many":[11],"parts":[12],"of":[13,32,43,56,86,120,130,133,138,142,171,181,218,254,285,306,317,329],"the":[14,33,41,54,60,83,87,92,110,118,160,166,179,188,194,216,236,240,246,252,255,273,304,307,312,315],"brain,":[15],"this":[16,50,121],"accomplished":[18],"by":[19,35,107,126,193,222],"refining":[20],"initially":[21],"diffuse":[22],"during":[25,77,114],"development.":[26],"contrast":[28],"to":[29,91,204,239,323],"our":[30],"understanding":[31],"mechanisms":[34,109],"which":[36],"excitatory":[37],"are":[39,301],"refined,":[40],"refinement":[42,55,119,157,253,305],"inhibitory":[44,57,122,153,182],"circuits":[45],"poorly":[47],"understood.":[48],"thesis,":[51],"I":[52,103,226,249,310],"investigated":[53,228],"in":[59,71,101,145,150,208,215,245,260,290],"lateral":[61],"superior":[62],"olive":[63],"(LSO),":[64],"a":[65,98,127,146,151,176,205,212,243,282],"mammalian":[66],"auditory":[67],"brainstem":[68,237],"nucleus":[69,85],"involved":[70],"sound":[72],"localization.":[73],"The":[74,155],"glycinergic,":[75],"and":[76,106,136,173,211,270],"development":[78],"also":[79],"GABAergic,":[80],"projection":[81],"from":[82,235],"medial":[84],"trapezoid":[88],"body":[89],"(MNTB)":[90],"LSO":[93,279],"tonotopically":[95],"organized":[96],"with":[97,187,262],"single-cell-level":[99],"precision":[100],"adults.":[102],"asked":[104],"whether":[105,229],"what":[108],"organization":[112],"emerges":[113],"development.I":[115],"found":[116,250],"that":[117,168,233,251,296,314],"pathway":[123,257],"achieved":[125],"large":[128,213],"degree":[129],"functional":[131],"elimination":[132],"exuberant":[134],"inputs":[135,143,162,197,288],"strengthening":[137],"maintained":[139,195],"inputs.":[140],"Elimination":[141],"occurred":[144,158],"frequency-specific":[147],"manner,":[148],"resulting":[149],"sharper":[152],"topography.":[154],"topographic":[156,247],"while":[159],"MNTB":[161,196,224,287],"act":[163],"excitatory,":[164],"raising":[165],"possibility":[167,313],"depolarizing":[169],"action":[170],"GABA":[172],"glycine":[174],"mechanism":[177],"underlying":[178],"rearrangement":[180],"synaptic":[183,190],"connections.":[184],"parallel":[186],"elimination,":[189],"responses":[191],"elicited":[192],"increased":[198],"over":[199],"10-fold.":[200],"This":[201],"was":[202],"due":[203,322],"moderate":[206],"increase":[207,214],"quantal":[209],"size":[210],"number":[217,284],"release":[219],"sites":[220],"formed":[221],"each":[223],"fiber.":[225],"further":[227],"olivocochlear":[230,298],"efferent":[231,264,299,318],"neurons":[232,280],"project":[234],"back":[238],"cochlea":[241],"play":[242],"role":[244],"sharpening.":[248],"MNTB-LSO":[256,308],"impaired":[259],"animals":[261],"compromised":[263],"projections.":[265],"both":[267],"efferent-lesioned":[268],"rats":[269],"mice":[271],"lacking":[272],"?9":[274],"nicotinic":[275],"acetylcholine":[276],"receptor":[277],"subunit,":[278],"received":[281],"greater":[283],"weak":[286],"than":[289],"control":[291],"animals.":[292],"These":[293],"results":[294],"indicate":[295],"projections":[300],"necessary":[302],"pathway.":[309],"discuss":[311],"effect":[316],"manipulation":[319],"could":[320],"be":[321],"altered":[324],"levels":[325],"or":[326],"temporal":[327],"patterns":[328],"spontaneous":[330],"activity":[331],"before":[332],"hearing":[333],"onset.":[334]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}