{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1558772802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","title":"Impact of Salt Crystal Size on in\u2010Mouth Delivery of Sodium and Saltiness Perception from Snack Foods","display_name":"Impact of Salt Crystal Size on in\u2010Mouth Delivery of Sodium and Saltiness Perception from Snack Foods","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1558772802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","mag":"1558772802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/jtxs.12017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/jtxs.12017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107471828","display_name":"Journal of Texture Studies","issn_l":"0022-4901","issn":["0022-4901","1745-4603"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Texture Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/jtxs.12017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090344161","display_name":"Ruben Rama","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruben Rama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080543129","display_name":"Natalie Chiu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalie Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021195335","display_name":"Margarida Carvalho da Silva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margarida Carvalho Da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002877660","display_name":"Louise Hewson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-7089","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-7089"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louise Hewson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024113351","display_name":"Joanne Hort","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8609-4543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8609-4543"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanne Hort","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045515434","display_name":"Ian Denis Fisk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8448-3123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8448-3123"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian D. Fisk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Food Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Sutton Bonington Leicestershire LE12\u20095RD U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090344161"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"apc_list":{"value":3920,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3920},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9353,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":119,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94058032,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"5","first_page":"338","last_page":"345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12075","display_name":"Sodium Intake and Health","score":0.7832000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12075","display_name":"Sodium Intake and Health","score":0.7832000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12114","display_name":"Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods","score":0.09229999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11584","display_name":"Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques","score":0.09220000356435776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saltiness-perception","display_name":"saltiness perception","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potato-chips","display_name":"potato chips","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-chloride","display_name":"sodium chloride","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolution-kinetics","display_name":"dissolution kinetics","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-transfer","display_name":"mass transfer","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saliva","display_name":"saliva","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-intensity-curve","display_name":"time-intensity curve","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-reduction","display_name":"sodium reduction","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snack-food","display_name":"snacks","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-reformulation","display_name":"food reformulation","score":0.5609999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537181965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658","display_name":"Sodium","level":2,"score":0.5394765734672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781285689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21921428","display_name":"Crystal (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5194687247276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.48242244124412537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.442344069480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.4304068684577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.096780925989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/jtxs.12017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/jtxs.12017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107471828","display_name":"Journal of Texture Studies","issn_l":"0022-4901","issn":["0022-4901","1745-4603"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Texture Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/:1001199","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1001199","pdf_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/file/1001199/1/RamaSalt.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.nottingham.ac.uk:2779","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jtxs.12017/abstract","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402014","display_name":"Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:1001199","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/jtxs.12017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jtxs.12017","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/jtxs.12017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107471828","display_name":"Journal of Texture Studies","issn_l":"0022-4901","issn":["0022-4901","1745-4603"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Texture Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1558772802.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1558772802.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47843324","https://openalex.org/W251677556","https://openalex.org/W1513315832","https://openalex.org/W1671063336","https://openalex.org/W1967896570","https://openalex.org/W1971351601","https://openalex.org/W1976567460","https://openalex.org/W1977839418","https://openalex.org/W2001763886","https://openalex.org/W2017940039","https://openalex.org/W2032276066","https://openalex.org/W2036249954","https://openalex.org/W2041128161","https://openalex.org/W2045269525","https://openalex.org/W2077529513","https://openalex.org/W2095251195","https://openalex.org/W2107529527","https://openalex.org/W2107602197","https://openalex.org/W2119343294","https://openalex.org/W2140170624","https://openalex.org/W2165871962","https://openalex.org/W2509171245","https://openalex.org/W2940992689","https://openalex.org/W3104556350","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6725333655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7001293652","https://openalex.org/W775708392","https://openalex.org/W7162559375","https://openalex.org/W2140170624","https://openalex.org/W4212891657","https://openalex.org/W3157312421","https://openalex.org/W2784232525","https://openalex.org/W2095082747","https://openalex.org/W2315945329","https://openalex.org/W4389827671"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Fried,":[1],"sliced":[2],"potato":[3],"crisps":[4],"were":[5],"flavored":[6],"with":[7,38,107],"sodium":[8,27,149,200],"chloride":[9],"of":[10,18,26,148,168,174,199,206,214,245],"varying":[11],"size":[12,21,56,68,91,116,177,189],"fractions":[13],"to":[14,28,76,209],"investigate":[15],"the":[16,23,29,47,50,59,74,77,82,85,88,95,108,113,120,151,162,226,230],"impact":[17,180],"salt":[19,175,246],"crystal":[20,55,67,90,115,176,188,247],"on":[22],"delivery":[24,60,135],"rate":[25,61],"tongue":[30,78],"and":[31,62,71,84,99,129,144,184,222,237],"resultant":[32],"saltiness,":[33,111,183],"measured":[34],"over":[35],"65":[36],"s":[37],"a":[39,158,186,193,204],"defined":[40],"chew":[41],"protocol":[42],"(three":[43],"chews,":[44],"then":[45],"holding":[46],"bolus":[48],"in":[49,119,220,225],"mouth":[51,75],"without":[52],"swallowing).":[53],"Salt":[54],"impacted":[57],"upon":[58],"perceived":[63,110,182],"saltiness.":[64,132],"The":[65,133,166],"smallest":[66,89,114],"fraction":[69,92,117,178,190],"dissolved":[70],"diffused":[72],"throughout":[73],"saliva":[79],"faster":[80],"than":[81],"medium":[83],"largest":[86],"ones;":[87],"also":[93],"had":[94],"highest":[96,125],"maximum":[97,126,130,195],"concentration":[98],"greatest":[100],"total":[101,131],"sodium.":[102],"These":[103],"results":[104,167,231],"correlated":[105],"well":[106],"sensory":[109,181],"where":[112],"resulted":[118],"fastest":[121],"T":[122],"max":[123],",":[124],"saltiness":[127,196],"intensity":[128],"different":[134],"rates":[136],"can":[137,191,240],"be":[138,210,241,251],"explained":[139],"by":[140,254],"differential":[141],"dissolution":[142,236],"kinetics":[143,239],"enhanced":[145,235],"mass":[146],"transfer":[147],"across":[150],"saliva.":[152],"Practical":[153],"Applications":[154],"Sodium":[155],"reduction":[156],"is":[157],"major":[159],"challenge":[160],"for":[161],"global":[163],"food":[164,256],"industry.":[165],"this":[169,215],"work":[170],"illustrate":[171],"how":[172],"modification":[173,244],"might":[179],"that":[185,234],"smaller":[187],"achieve":[192],"greater":[194],"per":[197],"unit":[198],"consumed.":[201],"There":[202],"are":[203],"number":[205],"technical":[207],"hurdles":[208],"overcome":[211],"before":[212],"implementation":[213],"approach,":[216],"both":[217],"practical":[218],"(limitations":[219],"processability)":[221],"sensorial":[223],"(changes":[224],"time\u2013intensity":[227],"profile),":[228],"but":[229],"do":[232],"demonstrate":[233],"diffusion":[238],"achieved":[242],"through":[243],"size,":[248],"which":[249],"should":[250],"seriously":[252],"considered":[253],"snack":[255],"manufacturers":[257],"when":[258],"approaching":[259],"product":[260],"reformulation.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
