{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1556936223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","title":"Willingness to pay for electricity from renewable energy","display_name":"Willingness to pay for electricity from renewable energy","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1556936223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","mag":"1556936223"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/399985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/399985","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/399985","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135229794","display_name":"National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":["1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393","Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831","Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075273685","display_name":"Barbara C. Farhar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Farhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393","Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831","Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147702019","display_name":"USDOE, Washington, DC (United States) (US)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079712632","display_name":"A. Houston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Houston","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.8457000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.8457000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12503","display_name":"Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy","score":0.11129999905824661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14481","display_name":"Renewable Energy and Sustainability","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-pricing","display_name":"green pricing","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/willingness-to-pay","display_name":"willingness to pay","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"renewable energy","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-pricing","display_name":"electricity pricing","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customer-participation","display_name":"customer participation","score":0.9639999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777364431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140813","display_name":"Willingness to pay","level":2,"score":0.8239004611968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.7550825476646423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5517048835754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5031711459159851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.4759925603866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146733006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676081","display_name":"Electricity market","level":3,"score":0.46431586146354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.4502703845500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.43805354833602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3560328483581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.21922731399536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11176538467407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/399985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/399985","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:399985","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/399985","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/399985","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc675657","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc675657/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/399985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/399985","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/399985","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9090999960899353,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.685699999332428,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306111","display_name":"U.S. Department of Commerce","ror":"https://ror.org/04chq2495"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332360","display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/02xznz413"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337919","display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338290","display_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1556936223.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1556936223.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556936223","https://openalex.org/W1979111580","https://openalex.org/W1988300398","https://openalex.org/W1998446249","https://openalex.org/W2020079818","https://openalex.org/W2161500564","https://openalex.org/W2258339997","https://openalex.org/W2523036388","https://openalex.org/W2894586205","https://openalex.org/W4232929293","https://openalex.org/W4235047131","https://openalex.org/W4236933104","https://openalex.org/W4251617748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3008805266","https://openalex.org/W2086238399","https://openalex.org/W7098143954","https://openalex.org/W2563166901","https://openalex.org/W70915544","https://openalex.org/W3124962872","https://openalex.org/W7100964267","https://openalex.org/W257887231","https://openalex.org/W2049724672","https://openalex.org/W3210496511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"National":[0],"polls":[1],"reveal":[2],"widespread":[3],"public":[4,47,56],"preference":[5],"and":[6,22,60,79,90,104,160],"willingness":[7,26,61],"to":[8,17,27,62,147,163],"pay":[9,28,63,124],"more":[10,29],"for":[11,30,49,58,65,77,101,128,145],"renewables.":[12,50,152],"``Green":[13],"pricing``":[14],"programs":[15,113,120,143,157],"attempt":[16],"capitalize":[18],"on":[19,23,55,75,87],"these":[20],"preferences":[21,48,57],"an":[24],"expressed":[25],"environmental":[31],"protection.":[32],"This":[33],"report":[34,98],"explores":[35],"the":[36,108,112,116],"utility":[37,72,84],"option":[38],"of":[39,45],"green":[40,88],"pricing":[41],"as":[42],"a":[43,125,129,135],"method":[44],"aggregating":[46],"It":[51],"summarizes":[52],"national":[53],"data":[54],"renewables":[59,78],"(WTP)":[64],"electricity":[66,132],"from":[67],"renewable":[68,131],"energy":[69],"sources;":[70],"examines":[71],"market":[73,85],"studies":[74],"WTP":[76],"green-pricing":[80,95,156],"program":[81,102],"features;":[82],"critiques":[83],"research":[86],"pricing;":[89],"discusses":[91],"experiences":[92,110],"with":[93,111,155],"selected":[94],"programs.":[96],"The":[97,153],"draws":[99],"inferences":[100],"design":[103],"future":[105,149],"research.":[106],"Given":[107],"limited":[109],"so":[114],"far,":[115],"evidence":[117],"suggests":[118],"that":[119],"in":[121],"which":[122],"customers":[123],"monthly":[126,137],"premium":[127],"specific":[130],"product":[133],"elicit":[134],"higher":[136],"financial":[138],"commitment":[139],"per":[140],"customer":[141,165],"than":[142],"asking":[144],"contributions":[146],"unspecified":[148],"actions":[150],"involving":[151],"experience":[154],"is":[158],"summarized":[159],"factors":[161],"likely":[162],"affect":[164],"participation":[166],"are":[167],"identified.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}