{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1556771778","doi":null,"title":"Problems and prospects for formally representing and reasoning about enemy courses of action","display_name":"Problems and prospects for formally representing and reasoning about enemy courses of action","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1556771778","mag":"1556771778"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.593.8192","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.593.8192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://vistology.com/papers/VIS-FUSION08.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090975390","display_name":"Brian E. Ulicny","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130292","display_name":"VIStology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht43x94","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Ulicny","raw_affiliation_strings":["VIStology, Inc., Framingham, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VIStology, Inc., Framingham, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076154982","display_name":"Christopher J. Matheus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8361-1453","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8361-1453"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130292","display_name":"VIStology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht43x94","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher J","raw_affiliation_strings":["VIStology, Inc., Framingham, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VIStology, Inc., Framingham, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003723197","display_name":"Mieczyslaw M. Kokar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-3089","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-3089"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mieczyslaw M. Kokar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Boston (MA)#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Boston (MA)#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112362617","display_name":"Gerald M. Powell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304082316","display_name":"United States Department of the Army","ror":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802705668","display_name":"United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdkx920","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerald M. Powell","raw_affiliation_strings":["RDECOM CERDEC, U.S. Army, Fort Monmouth, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RDECOM CERDEC, U.S. Army, Fort Monmouth, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0734,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87692747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.08950000256299973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.013199999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-decision-making","display_name":"military decision-making","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-representation","display_name":"formal representation","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-reasoning","display_name":"automated reasoning","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/owl-ontologies","display_name":"OWL ontologies","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-reasoning","display_name":"ontology reasoning","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.8653672933578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73301696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984","display_name":"Formalism (music)","level":3,"score":0.7346054315567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6873373985290527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5708673596382141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42365315556526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3766902983188629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3583274185657501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20067530870437622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1613028645515442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10432213544845581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.593.8192","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.593.8192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://vistology.com/papers/VIS-FUSION08.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2882640","https://openalex.org/W1500718495","https://openalex.org/W2001722583","https://openalex.org/W2050467089","https://openalex.org/W2137831583","https://openalex.org/W2159614548","https://openalex.org/W2638659725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W129086233","https://openalex.org/W132144839","https://openalex.org/W2293066637","https://openalex.org/W1488124509","https://openalex.org/W221972054","https://openalex.org/W3144408316","https://openalex.org/W1603601755","https://openalex.org/W7099088450","https://openalex.org/W2289831689","https://openalex.org/W1556438911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"\u2013":[1],"Enemy":[2],"Courses":[3],"of":[4,14,51],"Action":[5],"(ECOAs)":[6],"play":[7],"a":[8,35],"central":[9],"role":[10],"in":[11,17,34],"the":[12,47],"process":[13],"situation":[15],"development":[16],"military":[18],"decision-making.":[19],"In":[20,42],"order":[21],"to":[22,30],"reason":[23],"about":[24],"ECOAs,":[25],"it":[26],"would":[27],"be":[28],"necessary":[29],"adequately":[31],"represent":[32],"them":[33],"formalism":[36],"that":[37,57],"allows":[38],"for":[39],"automatic":[40],"reasoning.":[41],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45],"examine":[46],"benefits":[48],"and":[49],"drawbacks":[50],"representing":[52],"ECOAs":[53],"within":[54],"several":[55],"frameworks":[56],"have":[58],"been":[59],"encoded":[60],"as":[61],"OWL":[62],"ontologies.":[63]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
