{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1554941711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","title":"Transformational grammars","display_name":"Transformational grammars","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1554941711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","mag":"1554941711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Problems and Solutions in Biological Sequence Analysis","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1555619877","display_name":"Problems and Solutions in Biological Sequence Analysis"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057317686","display_name":"Mark Yu. Borodovsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1401-4046","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1401-4046"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Borodovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071276833","display_name":"Svetlana Ekisheva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-0231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-0231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Svetlana Ekisheva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12520749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"279","last_page":"290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.038600001484155655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.037700001150369644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformational-grammar","display_name":"transformational grammar","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chomsky-hierarchy","display_name":"Chomsky hierarchy","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-context-free-grammars","display_name":"probabilistic context-free grammars","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-models","display_name":"hidden Markov models","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-secondary-structure","display_name":"RNA secondary structure","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-sequence-modeling","display_name":"protein sequence modeling","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-range-correlations","display_name":"long-range correlations","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-sequence-models","display_name":"probabilistic sequence models","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain-model","display_name":"Markov chain model","score":0.5590000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.5651243925094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.506461501121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134083981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754022","display_name":"Tree-adjoining grammar","level":4,"score":0.4128863513469696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3567748963832855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32436203956604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97212296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047","display_name":"Context-free grammar","level":3,"score":0.17191562056541443}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511617829.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Problems and Solutions in Biological Sequence Analysis","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3101868235","https://openalex.org/W2282268534","https://openalex.org/W1515748642","https://openalex.org/W1528741793","https://openalex.org/W3141335569","https://openalex.org/W1998894153","https://openalex.org/W2013424227","https://openalex.org/W7100180817","https://openalex.org/W7062625005","https://openalex.org/W2097508084"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,71],"one-dimensional":[1],"string":[2],"is":[3],"too":[4],"simple":[5],"a":[6,14,85,101,114,156,181],"model":[7],"to":[8,47,143,192,206,209],"reflect":[9],"fully":[10],"the":[11,31,43,51,57,63,67,92,126,133,153,168],"properties":[12],"of":[13,33,37,66,94,104,108,120,129,155,187],"real":[15],"biological":[16],"molecule,":[17],"which":[18,61,83,111],"have,":[19],"after":[20],"all,":[21],"been":[22],"determined":[23],"by":[24,50],"its":[25],"three":[26],"dimensional":[27],"structure":[28,93],"selected":[29],"in":[30,42],"course":[32],"evolution.":[34],"Physical":[35],"interactions":[36,107],"amino":[38,163],"acids":[39],"and":[40,140,171],"nucleotides":[41],"three-dimensional":[44],"folds":[45],"have":[46],"be":[48,113,149,204,207],"described":[49,166],"models":[52,134],"that":[53],"would":[54],"go":[55],"beyond":[56],"short":[58],"range":[59,73,106],"correlations":[60,74],"are":[62,75,217],"typical":[64],"targets":[65],"Markov":[68,211],"chain":[69],"models.":[70,122,212],"long":[72,105],"more":[76],"important":[77],"for":[78,81,116,137,152,197,219],"proteins":[79],"than":[80],"DNA,":[82],"has":[84,100],"rather":[86],"uniform":[87],"double":[88],"helix":[89],"structure.":[90],"However,":[91],"another":[95,118],"nucleic":[96],"acid,":[97],"RNA,":[98],"commonly":[99],"significant":[102],"number":[103],"special":[109],"type,":[110],"could":[112,148,161,176,203],"target":[115],"yet":[117],"class":[119],"probabilistic":[121],"Chapter":[123],"9":[124],"introduces":[125],"Chomsky":[127],"hierarchy":[128],"deterministic":[130,189],"transformational":[131],"grammars,":[132],"developed":[135],"originally":[136],"natural":[138],"languages":[139],"then":[141],"applied":[142],"computer":[144],"languages.":[145],"These":[146],"grammars":[147,202,215],"readily":[150],"used":[151],"description":[154],"protein":[157],"(a":[158,173],"regular":[159,201],"grammar":[160,175,190],"generate":[162,177],"acid":[164],"sequences":[165,179],"as":[167],"PROSITE":[169],"patterns)":[170],"RNA":[172,178,221],"context-free":[174,214],"with":[180],"given":[182],"secondary":[183],"structure).":[184],"Further":[185],"generalization":[186],"these":[188],"classes":[191],"stochastic":[193],"ones":[194],"increases":[195],"opportunities":[196],"sequence":[198],"modeling.":[199],"Stochastic":[200,213],"shown":[205],"equivalent":[208],"hidden":[210],"(SCFGs)":[216],"useful":[218],"modeling":[220],"sequences.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}