{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1554902865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.18466","title":"Patents and Other Intellectual Property Rights","display_name":"Patents and Other Intellectual Property Rights","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1554902865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.18466","mag":"1554902865"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:isu:genres:1982","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/papers/paper_1982.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/papers/paper_1982.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18466/files/wp01mo75.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086404667","display_name":"GianCarlo Moschini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1280-2919","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1280-2919"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Moschini, GianCarlo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iowa State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iowa State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Moschini, GianCarlo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moschini, GianCarlo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086404667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"intellectual property","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patents","display_name":"patents","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-innovation","display_name":"agricultural innovation","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-sciences-innovation","display_name":"life sciences innovation","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope-of-patent-protection","display_name":"scope of patent protection","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-race","display_name":"patent race","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cumulative-innovation","display_name":"cumulative innovation","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complementary-innovation","display_name":"complementary innovation","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/awards","display_name":"awards","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-procurement-contracts","display_name":"government procurement contracts","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-benefit-trade-off","display_name":"cost-benefit trade-off","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-policy","display_name":"innovation policy","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.8798338174819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7767066955566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779253866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20665717","display_name":"Government procurement","level":3,"score":0.6962478160858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.6319765448570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5413621664047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.5321577787399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5114768743515015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157085824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384809","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","level":2,"score":0.4445188641548157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.42702099680900574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201650216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829492","display_name":"Procurement","level":2,"score":0.4258125126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86511162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799101","display_name":"Property rights","level":2,"score":0.4206595718860626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779337067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4800961","display_name":"Articulation (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4111138880252838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.32943177223205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27808332443237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.21327969431877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.16656401753425598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.09763053059577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.09146666526794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0895223319530487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:isu:genres:1982","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/papers/paper_1982.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/papers/paper_1982.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ageconsearch.umn.edu:18466","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18466","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18466/files/wp01mo75.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18466","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:1554902865","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.econ.iastate.edu/sites/default/files/publications/papers/paper_1982.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91754907","display_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","issn_l":"0002-9092","issn":["0002-9092","1467-8276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ias:cpaper:01-wp275","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.card.iastate.edu/products/publications/synopsis/?p=333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.lib.iastate.edu:20.500.12876/12646","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/12646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196104","display_name":"Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","host_organization_name":"Iowa State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/card_workingpapers/312/01wp275.pdf|||Fri Jan 14 23:31:35 UTC 2022","raw_type":"working paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lib.dr.iastate.edu:card_workingpapers-1299","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1299&context=card_workingpapers","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196104","display_name":"Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","host_organization_name":"Iowa State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CARD Working Papers","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3126103648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:isu:genres:1982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.22004/ag.econ.18466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.18466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.18466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ageconsearch.umn.edu:18466","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18466","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18466/files/wp01mo75.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/18466","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1554902865.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1554902865.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504538367","https://openalex.org/W1522670635","https://openalex.org/W1966122501","https://openalex.org/W1968354024","https://openalex.org/W1968380256","https://openalex.org/W1969116946","https://openalex.org/W1972842633","https://openalex.org/W1976587265","https://openalex.org/W1979869677","https://openalex.org/W1999853213","https://openalex.org/W2007488747","https://openalex.org/W2044204494","https://openalex.org/W2118692971","https://openalex.org/W2152132348","https://openalex.org/W2164160548","https://openalex.org/W2165064575","https://openalex.org/W2168751125","https://openalex.org/W2889869725","https://openalex.org/W2890369389","https://openalex.org/W3121707495","https://openalex.org/W3122494897"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2572071355","https://openalex.org/W2048859451","https://openalex.org/W1998799890","https://openalex.org/W2144003890","https://openalex.org/W2625347919","https://openalex.org/W1587821926","https://openalex.org/W650965512","https://openalex.org/W7000108219","https://openalex.org/W7097571542","https://openalex.org/W2732014081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,47],"article":[1,125],"reviews":[2],"intellectual":[3],"property":[4],"rights":[5],"(IPRs),":[6],"with":[7,29,127],"some":[8,80,132],"emphasis":[9],"on":[10],"the":[11,38,42,54,83,88,94],"protection":[12],"of":[13,23,37,44,53,65,85,90,106,131],"agricultural":[14],"and":[15,34,68,73,93,120],"life":[16],"sciences":[17],"innovations.":[18,103],"The":[19,61,104,124],"main":[20,39,62],"institutional":[21],"features":[22],"IPRs":[24,70,98,107],"are":[25,71,76,108],"first":[26],"discussed,":[27],"along":[28],"a":[30,128],"brief":[31,129],"historical":[32],"background":[33],"an":[35,51],"articulation":[36],"rationale":[40],"for":[41],"existence":[43],"such":[45,117],"rights.":[46],"is":[48],"followed":[49],"by":[50,111],"overview":[52],"principal":[55],"economic":[56],"issues":[57,75,135],"related":[58],"to":[59,115],"IPRs.":[60],"benefit/cost":[63],"trade-offs":[64],"allowing":[66],"patents":[67],"other":[69],"explained,":[72],"specific":[74],"then":[77],"analyzed":[78],"in":[79,136],"depth,":[81],"including":[82],"scope":[84],"patent":[86,91],"protection,":[87],"effects":[89],"races,":[92],"problems":[95],"arising":[96],"when":[97],"concern":[99],"cumulative":[100],"and/or":[101],"complementary":[102],"economics":[105],"further":[109],"illustrated":[110],"considering":[112],"instruments":[113],"alternative":[114],"patents,":[116],"as":[118],"prizes":[119],"government":[121],"procurement":[122],"contracts.":[123],"ends":[126],"discussion":[130],"open":[133],"policy":[134],"this":[137],"area.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}