{"id":"https://openalex.org/W155448731","doi":null,"title":"Comparison of Self-Directed Learning Readiness of Fire Executives to the Norm and Public Managers.","display_name":"Comparison of Self-Directed Learning Readiness of Fire Executives to the Norm and Public Managers.","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W155448731","mag":"155448731"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:155448731","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED327667.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044454982","display_name":"Burton A. Clark","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Burton A. Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044454982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.5127000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.5127000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13895","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Innovation","score":0.20579999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12345","display_name":"Adult and Continuing Education Topics","score":0.1526000052690506,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-directed-learning-readiness","display_name":"self-directed learning readiness","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-managers","display_name":"public managers","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-directed-learning-readiness-scale","display_name":"Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-contracts","display_name":"learning contracts","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-development","display_name":"professional development","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-service-leadership","display_name":"fire service leadership","score":0.5490000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6321231126785278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6264507174491882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989191132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997557","display_name":"Fire safety","level":2,"score":0.4320601224899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.40370920300483704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3776547908782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.2242375612258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17446660995483398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:155448731","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED327667.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W584861639","https://openalex.org/W2076278577"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2164542934","https://openalex.org/W7018554287","https://openalex.org/W22821491","https://openalex.org/W4243625073","https://openalex.org/W2105907312","https://openalex.org/W3185672074","https://openalex.org/W1985920623","https://openalex.org/W4299921683","https://openalex.org/W2149591495","https://openalex.org/W2121168814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,60,89,110],"problem":[1],"was":[2,17,25,79,100,117,144,151],"that":[3,92,122,157],"the":[4,28,36,53,70,83,93,104,120,123,129,134,141,154,171,183],"self-directed":[5,29,164],"learning":[6,30,165,178],"readiness":[7,31],"of":[8,22,32,62,86,97,112,133,163,176],"National":[9],"Fire":[10,48,185],"Academy":[11],"(NFA)":[12],"fire":[13,33,63,94,124,135],"executive":[14,64],"development":[15],"students":[16,51],"not":[18],"known.":[19],"purpose":[21],"this":[23],"prac-.icum":[24],"to":[26,35,69,146,166],"compare":[27],"executives":[34,125,136],"theoretical":[37,71,105],"norm":[38,72,106],"and":[39,73,107,174],"other":[40,74],"pubiic":[41],"managers.":[42,76,109],"Procedures":[43],"included":[44,170],"testing":[45],"30":[46],"NFA":[47],"Executive":[49,186],"Development":[50,187],"with":[52,82],"Self-Directed":[54],"Learning":[55],"Readiness":[56],"Scale":[57],"(SDLRS)":[58],"instrument.":[59],"distribution":[61,96],"SDLRS":[65,98],"scores":[66,99],"were":[67],"compared":[68],"public":[75,108,130],"This":[77,149],"comparison":[78],"made":[80,152],"statistically":[81,101],"chi-square":[84],"goodness":[85],"fit":[87],"calculation.":[88],"findings":[90],"indicated":[91,156],"executive's":[95],"higher":[102,127],"than":[103],"level":[111],"significance":[113],"for":[114],"both":[115],"comparisons":[116],"P5..001.":[118],"Despite":[119],"fact":[121],"scored":[126,138],"then":[128],"managers,":[131],"30%":[132],"only":[137],"average":[139],"on":[140],"SDLRS;":[142],"which":[143],"judged":[145],"be":[147,167],"unacceptable.":[148],"judgment":[150],"because":[153],"literature":[155],"professionals":[158],"need":[159],"a":[160,177],"high":[161],"degree":[162],"successful.":[168],"Recommendations":[169],"identification,":[172],"implementation,":[173],"evaluation":[175],"contract":[179],"instructional":[180],"methodology":[181],"into":[182],"existing":[184],"course.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
