{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1553378498","doi":null,"title":"Efficiency versus Effectiveness: Interpreting Education Production Studies","display_name":"Efficiency versus Effectiveness: Interpreting Education Production Studies","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1553378498","mag":"1553378498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:mts:wpaper:200703","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://capone.mtsu.edu/berc/working/Klein2007b.pdf","pdf_url":"http://capone.mtsu.edu/berc/working/Klein2007b.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113483040","display_name":"Christopher C. Klein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169615421","display_name":"Middle Tennessee State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n1hzn07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169615421"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher C. Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Middle Tennessee State Univ.#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middle Tennessee State Univ.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169615421"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113483040"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169615421"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.03970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13387","display_name":"Politics, Economics, and Education Policy","score":0.015799999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-production-function","display_name":"education production function","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-efficiency","display_name":"school efficiency","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-education","display_name":"public education","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-inputs","display_name":"education inputs","score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficiency-versus-effectiveness","display_name":"efficiency versus effectiveness","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5176983","display_name":"Counterintuitive","level":2,"score":0.9414232969284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.720893383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6931357383728027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5623757839202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5531260371208191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.503072202205658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92064499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production theory","level":3,"score":0.46150046586990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.42671677470207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.35022950172424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2827345132827759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:mts:wpaper:200703","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://capone.mtsu.edu/berc/working/Klein2007b.pdf","pdf_url":"http://capone.mtsu.edu/berc/working/Klein2007b.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:1553378498","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mtsu.edu/econfin/docs/working-papers/Klein2007b.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.571.5895","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.571.5895","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://capone.mtsu.edu/berc/working/Klein2007b.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206789530","https://openalex.org/W1520021274","https://openalex.org/W1520386898","https://openalex.org/W1529260143","https://openalex.org/W1546685917","https://openalex.org/W1550141888","https://openalex.org/W1756999246","https://openalex.org/W1805039205","https://openalex.org/W1971842218","https://openalex.org/W1974922944","https://openalex.org/W1982375873","https://openalex.org/W1985135620","https://openalex.org/W1987955137","https://openalex.org/W1993398385","https://openalex.org/W1996168263","https://openalex.org/W2018231542","https://openalex.org/W2031298955","https://openalex.org/W2035443751","https://openalex.org/W2042750710","https://openalex.org/W2043834822","https://openalex.org/W2044291337","https://openalex.org/W2050461175","https://openalex.org/W2062504485","https://openalex.org/W2064501602","https://openalex.org/W2065859936","https://openalex.org/W2070124875","https://openalex.org/W2079872858","https://openalex.org/W2081714882","https://openalex.org/W2089954965","https://openalex.org/W2098040685","https://openalex.org/W2102461236","https://openalex.org/W2108063916","https://openalex.org/W2119301305","https://openalex.org/W2136427581","https://openalex.org/W2138279765","https://openalex.org/W2140176110","https://openalex.org/W2142705498","https://openalex.org/W2143746211","https://openalex.org/W2146737716","https://openalex.org/W2147547636","https://openalex.org/W2158871480","https://openalex.org/W2161109224","https://openalex.org/W2353399707","https://openalex.org/W2889561418","https://openalex.org/W2892103227","https://openalex.org/W3124133911","https://openalex.org/W3200006645"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7112231235","https://openalex.org/W1929179624","https://openalex.org/W2519826360","https://openalex.org/W2061618776","https://openalex.org/W6999768893","https://openalex.org/W2788117793","https://openalex.org/W2043036761","https://openalex.org/W7113400221","https://openalex.org/W2044291337","https://openalex.org/W7097899724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"gain":[1],"analytical":[2],"insight":[3],"into":[4],"whether":[5],"input":[6],"resources":[7,38],"matter":[8],"in":[9,49,81],"public":[10],"education,":[11],"a":[12],"Becker/Peltzman/Stigler":[13],"model":[14,30],"of":[15,18,77,90],"the":[16],"determination":[17],"local":[19],"educational":[20],"budgets":[21],"and":[22,51],"outputs":[23,56],"by":[24],"political":[25],"authorities":[26],"is":[27],"constructed.":[28],"The":[29],"results":[31],"are":[32,45,57,97],"consistent":[33],"with":[34],"empirical":[35],"findings":[36],"that":[37,69],"don\u2019t":[39],"matter,":[40],"even":[41],"when":[42],"all":[43,55],"schools":[44],"efficient,":[46],"if":[47],"errors":[48],"measurement":[50,79],"specification":[52],"occur.":[53],"When":[54],"not":[58],"observed,":[59],"one":[60,68],"cannot":[61],"distinguish":[62],"an":[63,71],"inefficient":[64],"school":[65],"district":[66],"from":[67],"chooses":[70],"idiosyncratic":[72],"output":[73],"mix.":[74],"Blind":[75],"application":[76],"efficiency":[78],"techniques":[80],"this":[82],"context":[83],"yields":[84],"perverse":[85],"or":[86],"counterintuitive":[87],"findings.":[88],"Interpretation":[89],"feasible":[91],"approaches":[92],"to":[93],"education":[94],"production":[95],"studies":[96],"discussed.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
