{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1553346597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","title":"Evaluating Innovation Policy: A Structural Treatment Effect Model of R&D Subsidies","display_name":"Evaluating Innovation Policy: A Structural Treatment Effect Model of R&D Subsidies","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1553346597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","mag":"1553346597"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1105315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020134170","display_name":"Tuomas Takalo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2292-4290","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2292-4290"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181188550","display_name":"Bank of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04j3r8z61","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181188550"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tuomas Takalo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bank of Finland, Monetary Policy and Research Department, P.O. Box 160, Helsinki, FIN-00101, Finland","Bank of Finland, Monetary Policy and Research Department"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2292-4290","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bank of Finland, Monetary Policy and Research Department, P.O. Box 160, Helsinki, FIN-00101, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181188550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bank of Finland, Monetary Policy and Research Department","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181188550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019969774","display_name":"Tanja Tanayama","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanja Tanayama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Government of the Republic of Finland - National Audit Office of Finland, Antinkatu 1, P.O. Box 1119, Helsinki, FIN-00101, Finland","Government of the Republic of Finland - National Audit Office of Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government of the Republic of Finland - National Audit Office of Finland, Antinkatu 1, P.O. Box 1119, Helsinki, FIN-00101, Finland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government of the Republic of Finland - National Audit Office of Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112295372","display_name":"Otto Toivanen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140326","display_name":"Centre for Economic Policy Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04jzmdh37","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE","FI","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Otto Toivanen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University - Department of Economics, PO Box 1210, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland","CEPR, London, United Kingdom","Helsinki Center of Economic Research (HECER), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland","KU Leuven - Faculty of Business and Economics (FBE), Naamsestraat 69, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium","Aalto University - Department of Economics","CEPR","Helsinki Center of Economic Research (HECER)","KU Leuven - Faculty of Business and Economics (FBE)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University - Department of Economics, PO Box 1210, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEPR, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helsinki Center of Economic Research (HECER), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven - Faculty of Business and Economics (FBE), Naamsestraat 69, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University - Department of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEPR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helsinki Center of Economic Research (HECER)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven - Faculty of Business and Economics (FBE)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020134170"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181188550"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-subsidies","display_name":"R&D subsidies","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-policy","display_name":"innovation policy","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-heterogeneity","display_name":"treatment effect heterogeneity","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome-heterogeneity","display_name":"outcome heterogeneity","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-costs","display_name":"application costs","score":0.7419999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.9113340377807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7901871204376221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.6986333131790161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.6785503625869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6700807809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987370644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7836903","display_name":"Treatment effect","level":2,"score":0.591295063495636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5030328631401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.4785619080066681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4557572901248932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.35420048236846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09966018795967102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1105315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:bof:bofrdp:2008_007","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://helda.helsinki.fi/bof/bitstream/123456789/7492/1/157657.pdf","pdf_url":"https://helda.helsinki.fi/bof/bitstream/123456789/7492/1/157657.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hhs:bofrdp:2008_007","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.suomenpankki.fi/en/julkaisut/tutkimukset/keskustelualoitteet/Documents/0807netti.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.suomenpankki.fi/en/julkaisut/tutkimukset/keskustelualoitteet/Documents/0807netti.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:zbw:bofrdp:rdp2008_007","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/212098/1/bof-rdp2008-007.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/212098/1/bof-rdp2008-007.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:3125340500","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://web.stanford.edu/group/SITE/archive/SITE_2008/segment_5/papers/Tivanen_Takalo_Tanayama_Toivanen_120208.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/212098","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/212098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:workingPaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1105315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1105315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116661317","https://openalex.org/W579986423","https://openalex.org/W1486077472","https://openalex.org/W1510035077","https://openalex.org/W1514769553","https://openalex.org/W1515916722","https://openalex.org/W1518052575","https://openalex.org/W1521488551","https://openalex.org/W1534901971","https://openalex.org/W1547983777","https://openalex.org/W1552201648","https://openalex.org/W1567762635","https://openalex.org/W1569284417","https://openalex.org/W1573878645","https://openalex.org/W1574539612","https://openalex.org/W1583830487","https://openalex.org/W1606647850","https://openalex.org/W1843325215","https://openalex.org/W1938807801","https://openalex.org/W1971953248","https://openalex.org/W1984294964","https://openalex.org/W1984509612","https://openalex.org/W1992186241","https://openalex.org/W2001647672","https://openalex.org/W2011731435","https://openalex.org/W2012221530","https://openalex.org/W2023577000","https://openalex.org/W2034084704","https://openalex.org/W2046495361","https://openalex.org/W2050980654","https://openalex.org/W2056917378","https://openalex.org/W2060815133","https://openalex.org/W2098580616","https://openalex.org/W2099765607","https://openalex.org/W2125445654","https://openalex.org/W2127804665","https://openalex.org/W2135296617","https://openalex.org/W2139255721","https://openalex.org/W2139400998","https://openalex.org/W2147385763","https://openalex.org/W2162597684","https://openalex.org/W2164015108","https://openalex.org/W2204661759","https://openalex.org/W2732333909","https://openalex.org/W2890278638","https://openalex.org/W2890898686","https://openalex.org/W3121594297","https://openalex.org/W3121690045","https://openalex.org/W3122389984","https://openalex.org/W3122760487","https://openalex.org/W3123271837","https://openalex.org/W3123368772","https://openalex.org/W3123462346","https://openalex.org/W3123573210","https://openalex.org/W3123980831","https://openalex.org/W3124898968","https://openalex.org/W3125133804","https://openalex.org/W3125156328","https://openalex.org/W3125222654","https://openalex.org/W3125327005","https://openalex.org/W3125414722","https://openalex.org/W3125681279","https://openalex.org/W3151074393","https://openalex.org/W6981862044"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099906776","https://openalex.org/W1433126546","https://openalex.org/W1562523936","https://openalex.org/W7095166672","https://openalex.org/W2006508444","https://openalex.org/W7099391845","https://openalex.org/W2015342963","https://openalex.org/W7064206111","https://openalex.org/W3138539828","https://openalex.org/W3124708041"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
