{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1553101025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00472","title":"Which Peers Matter? The Relative Impacts of Collaborators, Colleagues, and Competitors","display_name":"Which Peers Matter? The Relative Impacts of Collaborators, Colleagues, and Competitors","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1553101025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00472","mag":"1553101025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/rest_a_00472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00472","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180061323","display_name":"The Review of Economics and Statistics","issn_l":"0034-6535","issn":["0034-6535","1530-9142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Economics and Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003739742","display_name":"George J. Borjas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8596-1705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8596-1705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George J. Borjas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004542598","display_name":"Kirk B. Doran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3188-6468","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3188-6468"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kirk B. Doran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92796202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"97","issue":"5","first_page":"1104","last_page":"1117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.798799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.798799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.05689999833703041,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.01860000006854534,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-spillovers","display_name":"knowledge spillovers","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-effects","display_name":"peer effects","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaboration","display_name":"collaboration","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"competition","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-spillovers","display_name":"geographic spillovers","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soviet-mathematicians","display_name":"Soviet mathematicians","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-drain","display_name":"brain drain","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-output","display_name":"research output","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-production","display_name":"knowledge production","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127576917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624630","display_name":"Competitor analysis","level":2,"score":0.7660527229309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.7082304954528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6581016778945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017468152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830170","display_name":"Knowledge production","level":2,"score":0.6275248527526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5731261968612671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5339891314506531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4310012757778168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4261091351509094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.41773372888565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.41761913895606995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3733257055282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.35210779309272766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3147651255130768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3116005063056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.2839050889015198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20599880814552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.12315136194229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07878085970878601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/rest_a_00472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00472","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180061323","display_name":"The Review of Economics and Statistics","issn_l":"0034-6535","issn":["0034-6535","1530-9142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Economics and Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:tpr:restat:v:97:y:2015:i:5:p:1104-1117","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/REST_a_00472","pdf_url":"http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/REST_a_00472","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1871737098","https://openalex.org/W1992559997","https://openalex.org/W2055564422","https://openalex.org/W2099268311","https://openalex.org/W2124866803","https://openalex.org/W2124989116","https://openalex.org/W2162484441","https://openalex.org/W2168576498","https://openalex.org/W2168605160","https://openalex.org/W2268637069","https://openalex.org/W2317629067","https://openalex.org/W3124376749","https://openalex.org/W4237421641"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3130037031","https://openalex.org/W3121403114","https://openalex.org/W2790639291","https://openalex.org/W7084924307","https://openalex.org/W2785004567","https://openalex.org/W7001449726","https://openalex.org/W7071875453","https://openalex.org/W2283126610","https://openalex.org/W1549561744","https://openalex.org/W2575104967"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"economists":[1],"believe":[2],"knowledge":[3,9,38,79],"production":[4,95],"generates":[5],"positive":[6],"spillovers":[7,20,80],"among":[8],"producers.":[10],"The":[11],"available":[12],"evidence,":[13],"however,":[14],"is":[15,76],"mixed.":[16],"We":[17],"argue":[18],"that":[19],"can":[21],"exist":[22],"along":[23],"three":[24],"dimensions:":[25],"idea,":[26],"geographic,":[27],"and":[28],"collaboration":[29,82],"space.":[30],"To":[31],"isolate":[32],"the":[33,49,60,63,66,93],"key":[34],"channel":[35],"through":[36],"which":[37],"spills":[39],"over,":[40],"we":[41],"use":[42],"a":[43,52],"unique":[44],"data":[45,67],"set":[46],"to":[47],"examine":[48],"impact":[50],"of":[51,56,62,78,96],"large":[53],"post-1992":[54],"exodus":[55],"Soviet":[57],"mathematicians":[58],"on":[59],"output":[61],"non\u00e9migr\u00e9s.":[64],"Although":[65],"reveal":[68],"strong":[69],"competitive":[70],"effects":[71],"in":[72,81,92],"idea":[73],"space,":[74,83],"there":[75],"evidence":[77],"when":[84],"high-quality":[85],"researchers":[86,91],"directly":[87],"engage":[88],"with":[89],"other":[90],"joint":[94],"new":[97],"knowledge.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}