{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1549601243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3138/flor.3.013","title":"The Three Estates and Other Mediaeval Trinities","display_name":"The Three Estates and Other Mediaeval Trinities","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1549601243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3138/flor.3.013","mag":"1549601243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3138/flor.3.013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3138/flor.3.013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3138/flor.3.013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764534072","display_name":"Florilegium","issn_l":"0709-5201","issn":["0709-5201","2369-7180"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320517","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320517","https://openalex.org/P4310313000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Toronto Press","University of Toronto"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Florilegium","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111035327","display_name":"Joseph A. Dane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135474949","display_name":"Bowdoin College","ror":"https://ror.org/03gh96r95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135474949"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph A. Dane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bowdoin College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bowdoin College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135474949"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111035327"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135474949"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1248731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"283","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.73580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.73580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13167","display_name":"Historical, Literary, and Cultural Studies","score":0.25780001282691956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14021","display_name":"Medieval European Literature and History","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-estates","display_name":"three estates","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/georges-dumezil","display_name":"Georges Dum\u00e9zil","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-satire","display_name":"social satire","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-literature","display_name":"medieval literature","score":0.5649999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7991579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17955","display_name":"Criticism","level":2,"score":0.7400482892990112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.45428821444511414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.43461501598358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.3825502395629883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.3638119697570801}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3138/flor.3.013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3138/flor.3.013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3138/flor.3.013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764534072","display_name":"Florilegium","issn_l":"0709-5201","issn":["0709-5201","2369-7180"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320517","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320517","https://openalex.org/P4310313000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Toronto Press","University of Toronto"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Florilegium","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4239101198","https://openalex.org/W3012886469","https://openalex.org/W2728750482","https://openalex.org/W1988711659","https://openalex.org/W4403216647","https://openalex.org/W2515458059","https://openalex.org/W4253294790","https://openalex.org/W4401028800","https://openalex.org/W2479559154","https://openalex.org/W2247455105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"notion":[1],"of":[2,10,18,31,63,83,123,137,153,170,181],"Three":[3,183],"Estates":[4,184],"is":[5,130,173],"familiar":[6],"to":[7,14,22,27,60,77,95,114,166,176,198],"most":[8,15],"readers":[9,17],"mediaeval":[11,88,135,147,186],"literature":[12,89],"and":[13,48,149],"serious":[16],"the":[19,64,70,79,91,96,100,116,131,134,182],"criticism":[20],"devoted":[21],"this":[23],"literature;":[24],"it":[25,174],"refers":[26],"a":[28,84,120,125,167,179,199],"tripartite":[29,168,200],"model":[30,152,157,169],"society":[32],"which":[33],"distinguishes":[34],"three":[35,138],"social":[36,139,192],"classes:":[37],"first-estate":[38],"oratores":[39],"(a":[40,45,51,141,156],"clerical":[41],"class),":[42,47],"secondestate":[43],"bellatores":[44],"military":[46],"third-estate":[49],"laboratores":[50],"working":[52],"class).1":[53],"Yet":[54],"what":[55],"modern":[56],"scholars":[57],"are":[58],"willing":[59],"consider":[61,115],"variant":[62,122,180],"three-estates":[65],"formula":[66,136,142],"varies":[67],"considerably.":[68],"In":[69],"following":[71],"paper,":[72],"I":[73,112],"do":[74],"not":[75],"attempt":[76],"demonstrate":[78],"existence":[80],"or":[81],"frequency":[82],"threeestates":[85],"\"theme\"":[86],"in":[87,99,145],"\u2014":[90],"reader":[92],"may":[93],"refer":[94],"studies":[97],"cited":[98],"notes":[101],"for":[102,128],"far":[103],"more":[104],"examples":[105],"than":[106],"will":[107],"be":[108],"included":[109],"here.":[110],"Rather,":[111],"wish":[113],"question":[117],"\"what":[118],"constitutes":[119],"true":[121],"such":[124],"theme?\"":[126],"What,":[127],"example,":[129],"relation":[132],"between":[133],"classes":[140,193,197],"stated":[143],"explicitly":[144],"many":[146],"works)":[148],"Dum\u00e9zil's":[150],"ideological":[151],"\"trois":[154],"fonctions\"":[155],"derived":[158],"from":[159],"earlier":[160],"texts":[161],"containing":[162],"no":[163],"explicit":[164],"reference":[165],"society)?":[171],"And":[172],"useful":[175],"include":[177],"as":[178],"those":[185],"\"estates\"":[187],"satires":[188],"that":[189],"simply":[190],"list":[191],"without":[194],"relating":[195],"these":[196],"model?":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}