{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1548946451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","title":"\"So oft to the movies they've been\": British fan writing and female audiences in the silent cinema","display_name":"\"So oft to the movies they've been\": British fan writing and female audiences in the silent cinema","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1548946451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","mag":"1548946451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3983/twc.2011.0224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42147744","display_name":"Transformative Works and Cultures","issn_l":"1941-2258","issn":["1941-2258"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316049","host_organization_name":"Organization for Transformative Works","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316049"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Organization for Transformative Works"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transformative Works and Cultures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009427344","display_name":"Lisa Stead","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-5474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-5474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Rose Stead","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Exeter"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Exeter","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009427344"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30656024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12803","display_name":"Cinema History and Criticism","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12803","display_name":"Cinema History and Criticism","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11540","display_name":"Gender, Feminism, and Media","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10758","display_name":"Cinema and Media Studies","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silent-film","display_name":"silent film","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fan-magazines","display_name":"fan magazines","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-women","display_name":"British women","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-class-women","display_name":"working-class women","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation-of-women","display_name":"representation of women","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modern-femininity","display_name":"modern femininity","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-cinema","display_name":"British cinema","score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/film-audiences","display_name":"film audiences","score":0.4339999854564667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778868352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866081","display_name":"Femininity","level":2,"score":0.748943030834198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519580073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41253","display_name":"Movie theater","level":2,"score":0.6336601972579956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5939236879348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329777","display_name":"Appeal","level":2,"score":0.5544822216033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5217396020889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.501439094543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.49094560742378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876391","display_name":"Dandy","level":2,"score":0.47313156723976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.4709293246269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776219385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5057779","display_name":"Celebrity culture","level":2,"score":0.4703517258167267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.4565834403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96089941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131265","display_name":"Popular culture","level":2,"score":0.4553225338459015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4415958821773529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.36729687452316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.3582107424736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.30014726519584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.2502760887145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.20715689659118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1275220811367035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.11539176106452942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09272018074989319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3983/twc.2011.0224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42147744","display_name":"Transformative Works and Cultures","issn_l":"1941-2258","issn":["1941-2258"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316049","host_organization_name":"Organization for Transformative Works","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316049"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Organization for Transformative Works"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transformative Works and Cultures","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:61280","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/61280/1/Stead_Transformative_Works_and_Cultures_article.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/61280/1/Stead_Transformative_Works_and_Cultures_article.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400384","display_name":"UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","host_organization_name":"University of East Anglia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ore.exeter.ac.uk:10871/29219","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10871/29219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401998","display_name":"Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","host_organization_name":"University of Exeter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:53e395af28fa4fcb906320ed002b6986","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/53e395af28fa4fcb906320ed002b6986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transformative Works and Cultures, Vol 6 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29735447","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_So_oft_to_the_movies_they_ve_been_British_fan_writing_and_female_audiences_in_the_silent_cinema/29735447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3983/twc.2011.0224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2011.0224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42147744","display_name":"Transformative Works and Cultures","issn_l":"1941-2258","issn":["1941-2258"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316049","host_organization_name":"Organization for Transformative Works","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316049"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Organization for Transformative Works"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transformative Works and Cultures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.75,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W163674810","https://openalex.org/W597651120","https://openalex.org/W2023383655","https://openalex.org/W2033270396","https://openalex.org/W2055001339","https://openalex.org/W2055392277","https://openalex.org/W2067906396","https://openalex.org/W2085931396","https://openalex.org/W3147130034","https://openalex.org/W4211222523","https://openalex.org/W4233427664","https://openalex.org/W4234082363","https://openalex.org/W4254017566"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2760930382","https://openalex.org/W7065748866","https://openalex.org/W845465017","https://openalex.org/W2567611063","https://openalex.org/W135976627","https://openalex.org/W2594827667","https://openalex.org/W7057627580","https://openalex.org/W4319835073","https://openalex.org/W1841851884","https://openalex.org/W2793682305"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,34,97],"aims":[2],"to":[3,47,57,64,125],"address":[4],"the":[5,26,52,68,84,96,100,116],"ways":[6,117],"in":[7,108,118],"which":[8,119],"working-class":[9],"and":[10,66,70,111,133,139],"lower-middle-class":[11],"British":[12,48,120],"women":[13,60,121],"used":[14,122],"silent-era":[15],"fan":[16,49,110],"magazines":[17,50],"as":[18],"a":[19,29,41,62,87,92],"space":[20,63],"for":[21,44],"articulating":[22],"their":[23],"role":[24],"within":[25,76],"development":[27],"of":[28,72,86,102,105,136],"female":[30,45,74,106,137],"film":[31,77],"culture.":[32,78],"The":[33],"focuses":[35],"on":[36],"letter":[37],"pages":[38],"that":[39],"formed":[40],"key":[42],"site":[43],"contribution":[46],"across":[51,91],"silent":[53],"era.":[54],"In":[55],"contributing":[56],"these":[58,123],"pages,":[59],"found":[61],"debate":[65],"discuss":[67],"appeal":[69],"significance":[71],"particular":[73,103],"representations":[75],"Using":[79],"detailed":[80],"archival":[81],"research":[82],"tracing":[83],"content":[85],"specific":[88],"magazine,":[89],"Picturegoer,":[90],"15-year":[93],"period":[94],"(1913\u201328),":[95],"will":[98],"show":[99],"dominance":[101],"types":[104],"representation":[107],"both":[109],"\"official\"":[112],"magazine":[113],"discourses,":[114],"analyzing":[115],"images":[124],"work":[126],"through":[127],"national":[128],"tensions":[129],"regarding":[130],"modern":[131],"femininity":[132],"traditional":[134],"ideas":[135],"propriety":[138],"restraint.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
