{"id":"https://openalex.org/W154687908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009164711003800402","title":"Transgressions, Guilt, and Forgiveness: A Model of Seeking Forgiveness","display_name":"Transgressions, Guilt, and Forgiveness: A Model of Seeking Forgiveness","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W154687908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009164711003800402","mag":"154687908"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/009164711003800402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009164711003800402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009164711003800402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1000263748","display_name":"Journal of Psychology and Theology","issn_l":"0091-6471","issn":["0091-6471","2328-1162"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Psychology and Theology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000601823","display_name":"Blake M. Riek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163795733","display_name":"Calvin University","ror":"https://ror.org/05r0q9p84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163795733"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Blake M. Riek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Calvin College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Calvin College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163795733"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000601823"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163795733"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0611,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90312147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":"246","last_page":"254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12313","display_name":"Emotions and Moral Behavior","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seeking-forgiveness","display_name":"seeking forgiveness","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transgression","display_name":"transgression","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guilt","display_name":"guilt","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forgiveness","display_name":"forgiveness","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminals","display_name":"offenders","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transgression-severity","display_name":"transgression severity","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relationship-closeness","display_name":"relationship closeness","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rumination","display_name":"rumination","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation","display_name":"mediation","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-forgiveness","display_name":"interpersonal forgiveness","score":0.3880000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778731027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q537963","display_name":"Forgiveness","level":2,"score":0.9907402992248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8436341285705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.8293787240982056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.696645200252533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6786494255065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.6132380962371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.6022683382034302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781283010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152282","display_name":"Shame","level":2,"score":0.5572021007537842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5382300615310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776060345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411912","display_name":"Rumination","level":3,"score":0.5133734941482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.4723297953605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.07382199168205261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/009164711003800402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009164711003800402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009164711003800402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1000263748","display_name":"Journal of Psychology and Theology","issn_l":"0091-6471","issn":["0091-6471","2328-1162"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Psychology and Theology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79658110","https://openalex.org/W1972280869","https://openalex.org/W1973820443","https://openalex.org/W1979644653","https://openalex.org/W1989578988","https://openalex.org/W1989940914","https://openalex.org/W1992189067","https://openalex.org/W2002529894","https://openalex.org/W2008322284","https://openalex.org/W2012626032","https://openalex.org/W2012711999","https://openalex.org/W2015828212","https://openalex.org/W2023072308","https://openalex.org/W2024432532","https://openalex.org/W2036514828","https://openalex.org/W2046585808","https://openalex.org/W2054928327","https://openalex.org/W2058418658","https://openalex.org/W2062474960","https://openalex.org/W2066011436","https://openalex.org/W2066358461","https://openalex.org/W2077594462","https://openalex.org/W2082816808","https://openalex.org/W2093442902","https://openalex.org/W2099568401","https://openalex.org/W2110818686","https://openalex.org/W2112749313","https://openalex.org/W2119174164","https://openalex.org/W2124123287","https://openalex.org/W2136513607","https://openalex.org/W2153155150","https://openalex.org/W2154238424","https://openalex.org/W2163877263","https://openalex.org/W2170189034","https://openalex.org/W2505624357","https://openalex.org/W2565140597","https://openalex.org/W4236457916","https://openalex.org/W4238552737","https://openalex.org/W4296289882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115917223","https://openalex.org/W7161409317","https://openalex.org/W208318772","https://openalex.org/W3153521011","https://openalex.org/W1838765328","https://openalex.org/W2368395861","https://openalex.org/W2516059544","https://openalex.org/W2097631358","https://openalex.org/W2565140597","https://openalex.org/W564747829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2,17],"been":[3],"increasing":[4],"interest":[5],"in":[6,148],"the":[7,12,15,20,24,27,50,53,59,78,90,93,112,115,122,144,150],"psychology":[8],"of":[9,14,26,52,92,98,109,114,124,134,141,146,152],"interpersonal":[10],"forgiveness,":[11],"majority":[13],"research":[16],"focused":[18],"on":[19],"forgiveness":[21,35,48,100],"process":[22],"from":[23,49],"perspective":[25,51],"victim.":[28],"However,":[29],"since":[30],"by":[31,139],"its":[32],"very":[33],"nature,":[34],"involves":[36],"at":[37],"least":[38],"two":[39],"individuals":[40],"it":[41,128],"is":[42],"vital":[43],"to":[44,46,82],"begin":[45],"understand":[47],"transgressor.":[54],"The":[55],"current":[56],"study":[57],"examines":[58],"situational":[60],"factors":[61],"that":[62,85,106,131],"influence":[63],"when":[64],"and":[65,80,89,119],"why":[66],"offenders":[67],"will":[68],"seek":[69],"forgiveness.":[70,126,153],"Participants":[71],"recalled":[72],"an":[73],"incident":[74],"where":[75],"they":[76],"were":[77,137],"transgressor":[79],"responded":[81],"a":[83,107,132],"questionnaire":[84],"assessed":[86],"their":[87,96],"perceptions":[88],"characteristics":[91],"offense.":[94],"Then,":[95],"intention":[97],"seeking":[99,125,151],"was":[101,104,129],"measured.":[102],"It":[103],"found":[105,130],"number":[108,133],"factors,":[110],"including":[111],"severity":[113],"transgression,":[116],"relational":[117],"closeness":[118],"rumination":[120],"influenced":[121],"likelihood":[123],"Furthermore,":[127],"these":[135],"relationships":[136],"mediated":[138],"feelings":[140],"guilt,":[142],"demonstrating":[143],"importance":[145],"guilt":[147],"motivating":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}