{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1546862091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","title":"Directed hypergraphs and applications","display_name":"Directed hypergraphs and applications","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1546862091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","mag":"1546862091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090391520","display_name":"Giorgio Gallo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-7508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-7508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giorgio Gallo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Giustino Longo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giustino Longo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Stefano Pallottino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Pallottino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sang Nguyen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["D\u00e9partement d'Informatique et de Recherche Op\u00e9rationnelle, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9., Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement d'Informatique et de Recherche Op\u00e9rationnelle, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090391520"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3826,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":747,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94660633,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2-3","first_page":"177","last_page":"201"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9053000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9053000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.0860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-hypergraphs","display_name":"directed hypergraphs","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypergraph-connectivity","display_name":"hypergraph connectivity","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duality","display_name":"duality","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-paths","display_name":"optimal paths","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propositional-logic","display_name":"propositional logic","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/and-or-graphs","display_name":"AND/OR graphs","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-databases","display_name":"relational databases","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transportation-analysis","display_name":"transport analysis","score":0.9480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5766162276268005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5651450157165527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69562738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200694","display_name":"Propositional calculus","level":2,"score":0.5429922342300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.5195193886756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554403","display_name":"Duality (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.49184298515319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.475896954536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.45837923884391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4050520062446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33576035499572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.17886680364608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16147372126579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.12308844923973083}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.54.829","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.54.829","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.di.unipi.it/pub/project/orgroup/gallo/GLNP93.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.83.889","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.83.889","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://web.mst.edu/~thakurk/2005-01-01-cs455/gore1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/198365","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/198365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:1546862091","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/415136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306505856","display_name":"CENTRE DE RECHERCHE SUR LES TRANSPORTS PUBLICATION","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CENTRE DE RECHERCHE SUR LES TRANSPORTS PUBLICATION","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-218x(93)90045-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171741597","display_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","issn_l":"0166-218X","issn":["0166-218X","1872-6771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discrete Applied Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10813651","https://openalex.org/W84362026","https://openalex.org/W186313331","https://openalex.org/W1031367054","https://openalex.org/W1486064475","https://openalex.org/W1530042977","https://openalex.org/W1530753374","https://openalex.org/W1556771345","https://openalex.org/W1583205259","https://openalex.org/W1936760244","https://openalex.org/W1996650547","https://openalex.org/W2009796613","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2011992362","https://openalex.org/W2012644520","https://openalex.org/W2028563211","https://openalex.org/W2036265926","https://openalex.org/W2056901982","https://openalex.org/W2058727463","https://openalex.org/W2060772802","https://openalex.org/W2061936891","https://openalex.org/W2064529725","https://openalex.org/W2065002018","https://openalex.org/W2078945336","https://openalex.org/W2083756938","https://openalex.org/W2084642537","https://openalex.org/W2086722387","https://openalex.org/W2123858323","https://openalex.org/W2152475379","https://openalex.org/W2160645305","https://openalex.org/W2577446513","https://openalex.org/W2592382132","https://openalex.org/W2752853835","https://openalex.org/W2752908210","https://openalex.org/W2788164529","https://openalex.org/W2914994215","https://openalex.org/W3189419522","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565413026","https://openalex.org/W141823634","https://openalex.org/W2299844414","https://openalex.org/W1807501439","https://openalex.org/W1595632071","https://openalex.org/W1608164588","https://openalex.org/W2887564111","https://openalex.org/W1571452361","https://openalex.org/W165407004","https://openalex.org/W2402880112"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":35}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}