{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1544034305","doi":null,"title":"No Child Left Behind: What We Know and What We Need to Know","display_name":"No Child Left Behind: What We Know and What We Need to Know","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1544034305","mag":"1544034305"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1544034305","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ996379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Education","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064793265","display_name":"Glenn Maleyko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Glenn Maleyko","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044192516","display_name":"Marytza A. Gawlik","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marytza A. Gawlik","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.9274,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98077906,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"131","issue":"3","first_page":"600","last_page":"624"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13405","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Improvement","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13405","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Improvement","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.0284000001847744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13853","display_name":"Teacher Education and Assessments","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/no-child-left-behind-act","display_name":"No Child Left Behind Act","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adequate-yearly-progress","display_name":"Adequate Yearly Progress","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-accountability","display_name":"school accountability","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/title-i","display_name":"Title I","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/achievement-gap","display_name":"achievement gap","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-assessment-systems","display_name":"state assessment systems","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-validity","display_name":"measurement validity","score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-improvement","display_name":"school improvement","score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-reform","display_name":"educational reform","score":0.3959999978542328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983172159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329394","display_name":"No child left behind","level":3,"score":0.8236367106437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.7354776263237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.6475042104721069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.5617356300354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136287216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16154661","display_name":"Academic standards","level":3,"score":0.529129147529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203151758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3244907","display_name":"Standardized test","level":2,"score":0.5274512767791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.5269637703895569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5025169849395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4648641049861908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4011861979961395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.3011123538017273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.17376157641410828}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1544034305","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ996379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Education","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7567999958992004,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10635982","https://openalex.org/W72560107","https://openalex.org/W93274749","https://openalex.org/W125996851","https://openalex.org/W136527153","https://openalex.org/W168258928","https://openalex.org/W202623414","https://openalex.org/W206657261","https://openalex.org/W259894349","https://openalex.org/W325903486","https://openalex.org/W336174374","https://openalex.org/W577158974","https://openalex.org/W652600816","https://openalex.org/W1507676008","https://openalex.org/W1525352085","https://openalex.org/W1549469887","https://openalex.org/W1573647946","https://openalex.org/W1599059082","https://openalex.org/W1830458399","https://openalex.org/W1972517147","https://openalex.org/W2009159091","https://openalex.org/W2040852713","https://openalex.org/W2079872858","https://openalex.org/W2091396627","https://openalex.org/W2100552625","https://openalex.org/W2111204330","https://openalex.org/W2116360020","https://openalex.org/W2132429032","https://openalex.org/W2135993839","https://openalex.org/W2151566277","https://openalex.org/W2168643780","https://openalex.org/W2323899965","https://openalex.org/W2325937624","https://openalex.org/W2993067475","https://openalex.org/W2993255099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541352341","https://openalex.org/W2906163007","https://openalex.org/W200594113","https://openalex.org/W263820309","https://openalex.org/W2338968550","https://openalex.org/W336174374","https://openalex.org/W2885391539","https://openalex.org/W302211652","https://openalex.org/W7098914913","https://openalex.org/W2135557380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"The":[1,83,114,354,382,415,503],"No":[2],"Child":[3],"Left":[4],"Behind":[5],"(NCLB)":[6],"reform":[7,84],"aims":[8],"to":[9,27,36,42,55,86,97,184,192,221,327,339,462,497,546,618,639],"hold":[10],"educational":[11,264],"agencies":[12],"and":[13,29,62,66,73,80,105,230,257,284,301,311,391,426,429,446,473,499,526,549,578,650],"states":[14,218,571,614],"accountable":[15],"for":[16,22,121,127,138,442,444,637,647],"improving":[17],"the":[18,49,57,68,78,117,178,198,204,210,270,278,305,312,320,325,340,352,358,362,387,392,419,427,433,458,470,478,488,491,508,512,518,523,531,544,559,609,624,627,654,664,675],"quality":[19,40],"of":[20,116,197,209,214,287,319,348,364,389,432,460,469,475,484,490,520,553,561,597,611,630],"education":[21,41],"all":[23,128],"students.":[24,82,129],"It":[25],"seeks":[26,85],"identify":[28],"transform":[30],"low-performing":[31],"schools":[32,585,671],"that":[33,94,99,124,134,145,200,261,289,342,530,555,570,599,613,632,644,678],"have":[34,146,324,543,600],"failed":[35],"provide":[37,193],"a":[38,275,282,291,336,345,482,601,619,641,657],"high":[39,61],"their":[43,223,330],"students":[44,65,75,100,631],"into":[45,277],"successful":[46],"schools.":[47],"Furthermore,":[48],"accountability":[50,313,425],"provisions":[51,314,431],"in":[52,203,304,316,452,495,510,533,540,558,563,574,635,668],"NCLB":[53,118,135,211,280,321,434],"intend":[54],"close":[56],"achievement":[58,69,576],"gap":[59],"between":[60,71],"low":[63,150],"achieving":[64],"especially":[67],"gaps":[70],"minority":[72],"non-minority":[74],"along":[76,660],"with":[77,177,361,386,422,440,457,487,517,661],"advantaged":[79],"disadvantaged":[81],"accomplish":[87],"this":[88,307,437,579],"goal":[89],"using":[90],"state":[91,103,655],"assessment":[92],"systems":[93],"are":[95,101,125,174,201,267,450,481,515,633,679],"designed":[96],"ensure":[98],"meeting":[102],"academic":[104],"grade":[106],"level":[107],"content":[108],"expectations":[109],"(NCLB,":[110],"2002,":[111],"section":[112,356,384],"101).":[113],"implementation":[115,363,519],"goals":[119,199],"calls":[120],"high-level":[122],"standards":[123,266,548],"measurable":[126],"There":[130,480],"is":[131,281,344,536,538,667],"no":[132],"doubt":[133],"has":[136],"provided":[137],"an":[139,194],"increased":[140],"focus":[141,292,592],"on":[142,293,593,604],"student":[143],"populations":[144],"traditionally":[147],"performed":[148],"at":[149],"levels":[151],"(Borowski":[152,395],"&":[153,163,239,246,251,369,396,406],"Sneed,":[154,397],"2006;":[155,157,159,161,165,241,371,398,400,402,404,408],"Guilfoyle,":[156,399],"Haycock,":[158,401],"Hess,":[160,403],"Hess":[162,405],"Petrelli,":[164,407],"Kane,":[166,409],"et":[167,375,379,410,566],"al.":[168,411,567],"2002;":[169,412],"Lewis,":[170,413],"2006)":[171],"however,":[172],"there":[173,638],"some":[175],"faults":[176,216],"Adequate":[179],"Yearly":[180],"Progress":[181],"(AYP)":[182],"as":[183],"whether":[185,582,651],"or":[186,583,586,652,672],"not":[187,584,653],"AYP":[188,235,310,331,343,365,390,461,471,493,521,535,554,648],"will":[189,645],"be":[190,640],"able":[191],"accurate":[195],"measurement":[196,232,265,359,598],"stated":[202],"Title":[205,317],"One":[206,318],"purpose":[207],"statement":[208],"legislation.":[212,322],"Some":[213],"those":[215],"include":[217],"being":[219],"allowed":[220],"develop":[222],"own":[224],"standards,":[225],"test":[226],"score":[227],"proficiency":[228,621,676],"levels,":[229],"statistical":[231,513,551],"formulas":[233],"under":[234,681],"(Harris,":[236,366],"2007;":[237,367],"Olson":[238,368],"Jacobson,":[240,370],"Popham,":[242,372],"2005a;":[243,373],"Porter,":[244,374],"Linn,":[245],"Trimble,":[247],"2005;":[248,377],"Wiley,":[249,378],"Mathis,":[250],"Garcia,":[252],"2005).":[253,381],"Cronin,":[254],"Dahlin,":[255],"Adkins,":[256],"Kingsbury":[258],"(2007)":[259],"found":[260,315,569],"fifty":[262],"different":[263],"implemented":[268],"across":[269,351,477,522],"United":[271],"States.":[272],"With":[273],"almost":[274],"decade":[276],"reform,":[279],"large":[283],"complex":[285],"piece":[286],"legislation":[288],"elicits":[290],"public":[294,341],"school":[295,349,424,501,587],"education.":[296],"Drawing":[297],"from":[298],"empirically":[299],"based":[300],"theoretical":[302],"literature":[303],"field,":[306],"review":[308,416],"examines":[309],"States":[323,542],"ability":[326,545],"statistically":[328],"manipulate":[329,550],"implementation,":[332],"which":[333,511,534],"may":[334,556],"give":[335],"false":[337],"impression":[338],"consistent":[346],"measure":[347,498],"effectiveness":[350],"country.":[353,524],"first":[355,504],"identifies":[357],"concerns":[360,507],"al.,":[376,380],"second":[383],"deals":[385],"benefits":[388],"unintended":[393],"consequences":[394],"2006).":[414],"also":[417],"analyzes":[418],"complexities":[420],"involved":[421],"establishing":[423],"effective":[428],"ineffective":[430],"reform.":[435,454],"Finally,":[436],"paper":[438],"concludes":[439],"recommendations":[441],"research":[443],"policymakers":[445],"educators":[447],"alike":[448],"who":[449],"interested":[451],"sustainable":[453],"Measurement":[455],"Concerns":[456],"Use":[459],"Evaluate":[463],"School":[464],"Effectiveness":[465],"Statistical":[466],"Issues,":[467],"Manipulations":[468],"data,":[472],"Lack":[474],"Consistency":[476],"Country":[479],"number":[483,629],"problems":[485],"associated":[486],"usage":[489],"current":[492],"formula":[494],"order":[496,636],"evaluate":[500],"effectiveness.":[502],"problem":[505],"area":[506],"manner":[509,532],"manipulations":[514],"occurring":[516],"Borowski":[525],"Sneed":[527],"(2006)":[528],"conclude":[529],"determined":[537],"arbitrary":[539],"nature.":[541],"lower":[547],"measures":[552],"result":[557],"lack":[560],"improvement":[562],"instruction.":[564],"Porter":[565],"(2005)":[568],"exercise":[572],"flexibility":[573],"implementing":[575],"tests":[577],"consequentially":[580],"impacts":[581],"districts":[588,673],"make":[589],"AYE":[590,605],"They":[591],"three":[594],"specific":[595],"areas":[596,607],"major":[602],"impact":[603],"Those":[606],"include:":[608],"line":[610],"trajectory":[612],"establish":[615],"en":[616],"route":[617],"100%":[620],"rate":[622],"by":[623],"year":[625],"2014,":[626],"minimum":[628],"necessary":[634],"subgroup":[642],"population":[643],"count":[646],"purposes,":[649],"uses":[656],"confidence":[658,665],"interval":[659,666],"how":[662],"wide":[663],"determining":[669],"if":[670],"reach":[674],"targets":[677],"required":[680],"AYP.":[682],"\u2026":[683]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
