{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1544024673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351306768-5","title":"An Out-of-Home Care System in Crisis: Implications for African American Children in the Child Welfare System","display_name":"An Out-of-Home Care System in Crisis: Implications for African American Children in the Child Welfare System","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1544024673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351306768-5","mag":"1544024673","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8995780"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781351306768-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351306768-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.4324/9781351306768-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Serving African American Children","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1577372905","display_name":"Serving African American Children"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057767263","display_name":"Annie Woodley Brown","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137853757","display_name":"Howard University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annie Woodley Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Howard University, School of Social Work, Washington, DC USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Howard University, School of Social Work, Washington, DC USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030796355","display_name":"Barbara Bailey\u2010Etta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Bailey-Etta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3906,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91025369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"1","first_page":"65","last_page":"84"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11380","display_name":"Child Welfare and Adoption","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11380","display_name":"Child Welfare and Adoption","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11028","display_name":"Social Work Education and Practice","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13101","display_name":"Legal and Social Justice Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-home-care","display_name":"out-of-home care","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-welfare-system","display_name":"child welfare system","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-children","display_name":"African American children","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overrepresentation","display_name":"overrepresentation","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-problems","display_name":"social problems","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-welfare-practice","display_name":"child welfare practice","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foster-care","display_name":"foster care","score":0.6489999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.7678853869438171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.7349812388420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993075180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22687850","display_name":"Welfare system","level":3,"score":0.6512608528137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536738050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3249071","display_name":"Social Welfare","level":2,"score":0.5224903225898743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.48368674516677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777935177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430789","display_name":"Foster care","level":2,"score":0.45884689688682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.43502798676490784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.4284239411354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993037610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455871","display_name":"Child care","level":2,"score":0.4151095449924469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3906317949295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3420392870903015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3240118622779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.2872059941291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.27950093150138855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.256259560585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.1276303231716156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.06812945008277893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002669","descriptor_name":"Child Welfare","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002669","descriptor_name":"Child Welfare","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005581","descriptor_name":"Foster Home Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005581","descriptor_name":"Foster Home Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012940","descriptor_name":"Social Problems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781351306768-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351306768-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.4324/9781351306768-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Serving African American Children","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:8995780","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8995780","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child welfare","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.9629999995231628}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W564855726","https://openalex.org/W2913796013","https://openalex.org/W3108745170","https://openalex.org/W4400185524","https://openalex.org/W2044694336","https://openalex.org/W2476683642","https://openalex.org/W4213444009","https://openalex.org/W7099583687","https://openalex.org/W56702971","https://openalex.org/W560491390"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"out-of-home":[1,87],"care":[2,88],"system":[3],"that":[4],"is":[5],"itself":[6],"in":[7,21,54,85],"crisis":[8,53],"lacks":[9],"adequate":[10],"resources":[11],"to":[12,71],"provide":[13],"the":[14,44,49,52,72,77,86],"services":[15],"needed":[16],"by":[17],"families":[18,25,84],"and":[19,40,57,60,83,95],"children":[20,82],"distress.":[22],"Increasingly,":[23],"these":[24],"are":[26,97],"composed":[27],"of":[28,30,43,51,63,79],"people":[29],"color,":[31],"particularly":[32],"African":[33,80],"Americans.":[34],"Using":[35],"current":[36],"child":[37,55,73,92],"welfare":[38,74,93],"statistics":[39],"a":[41],"review":[42],"literature,":[45],"this":[46],"article":[47],"examines":[48],"nature":[50],"welfare,":[56],"how":[58],"poverty":[59],"an":[61],"array":[62],"social":[64],"problems,":[65],"as":[66,68],"well":[67],"problems":[69],"specific":[70],"system,":[75],"increase":[76],"overrepresentation":[78],"American":[81],"system.":[89],"Implications":[90],"for":[91],"practice":[94],"advocacy":[96],"also":[98],"discussed.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}