{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1543799520","doi":null,"title":"Outlaw(ing) Motherhood: A Theory and Politic of Maternal Empowerment for the Twenty-First Century","display_name":"Outlaw(ing) Motherhood: A Theory and Politic of Maternal Empowerment for the Twenty-First Century","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1543799520","mag":"1543799520"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1543799520","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-246529778/outlaw-ing-motherhood-a-theory-and-politic-of-maternal","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185099412","display_name":"Hecate","issn_l":"0311-4198","issn":["0311-4198"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hecate","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050403371","display_name":"Andrea O\u2019Reilly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-5004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-5004"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea O\u2019Reilly","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-5004","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050403371"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90321155,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":null,"first_page":"17","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12275","display_name":"Gender and Feminist Studies","score":0.9018999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12275","display_name":"Gender and Feminist Studies","score":0.9018999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14315","display_name":"Feminist Theory and Gender Studies","score":0.05770000070333481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13783","display_name":"Feminism, Gender, and Intersectionality","score":0.009700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-empowerment","display_name":"maternal empowerment","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motherhood","display_name":"motherhood","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-essentialism","display_name":"gender essentialism","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-and-private-spheres","display_name":"public and private spheres","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motherwork","display_name":"motherwork","score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idealized-motherhood","display_name":"idealized motherhood","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feminist-theory","display_name":"feminist theory","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adrienne-rich","display_name":"Adrienne Rich","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motherhood-studies","display_name":"motherhood studies","score":0.6700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780510313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Institution","level":2,"score":0.6341657042503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.6237533688545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.6190263032913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.618211567401886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.5337446928024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777582232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013414","display_name":"CONTEST","level":2,"score":0.5194718241691589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.503637969493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780230221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4936955","display_name":"Body politic","level":3,"score":0.4517797529697418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.2801437973976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27853405475616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.21156710386276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.19938123226165771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1543799520","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-246529778/outlaw-ing-motherhood-a-theory-and-politic-of-maternal","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185099412","display_name":"Hecate","issn_l":"0311-4198","issn":["0311-4198"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hecate","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3127217760","https://openalex.org/W4246477730","https://openalex.org/W4312406229","https://openalex.org/W4253672356","https://openalex.org/W4399733721","https://openalex.org/W433561764","https://openalex.org/W4388189999","https://openalex.org/W2983670532","https://openalex.org/W87624391","https://openalex.org/W2113596327"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,40],"her":[1,401],"groundbreaking":[2],"book,":[3],"Of":[4,381,505],"Woman":[5,382,506],"Born:":[6],"Motherhood":[7,84],"as":[8,86,115,191,211,301,477,483],"Experience":[9],"and":[10,25,68,80,92,98,109,120,147,157,166,176,189,197,207,223,232,256,263,289,328,334,352,363,405,408,441,482,514,552,562,600,611],"Institution,":[11],"Adrienne":[12],"Rich":[13,378],"wrote:":[14],"'We":[15],"do":[16],"not":[17,62,128,183,452,528],"think":[18],"of":[19,34,37,49,55,65,75,83,104,133,139,144,151,163,205,259,283,292,339,349,355,369,387,397,403,434,480,486,500,512,521,524,532,571,583,598],"the":[20,26,32,35,41,47,53,73,81,136,141,148,227,260,272,290,336,359,375,392,467,498,509,519,569,608],"power":[21,27],"stolen":[22],"from":[23,29,471,497,607],"us":[24,30],"withheld":[28],"in":[31,122,171,250,269,315,380,424],"name":[33],"institution":[36,214,304,499],"motherhood'.":[38],"(1)":[39],"more":[42],"than":[43],"three":[44],"decades":[45],"since":[46,547],"publication":[48,612],"Rich's":[50,437,492,548,584],"ovarian":[51],"work,":[52],"empowerment":[54,351,366,371,481,599],"mothers":[56,249,561],"has":[57,428,541,565],"been":[58,430,542,566],"a":[59,100,131,161,302,318,323,347,353,458,478,484,516,530,596],"central,":[60],"if":[61,127,469],"defining,":[63],"concern":[64],"maternal":[66,90,105,155,169,350,365,370,536],"activism":[67,602],"scholarship.":[69],"More":[70],"recently,":[71],"with":[72,374],"emergence":[74],"an":[76,87,212],"international":[77],"motherhood":[78,209,297,357,435,442,450,513,534,546,555,593],"movement":[79],"development":[82,520],"Studies":[85],"academic":[88],"discipline,":[89],"scholars":[91,196,433],"activists":[93,108,156,198],"have":[94,159],"sought":[95],"to":[96,173,299,309,400,406,447,490],"define":[97],"develop":[99,346],"politic":[101,348],"or":[102,202,455,535,574],"theory":[103],"empowerment.":[106,537],"Maternal":[107],"researchers":[110,158,224],"today":[111],"agree":[112],"that":[113,195,234,265,295,321,377,414,415,436,449,587],"motherhood,":[114,238,341,388,472],"it":[116,192,285,312,526],"is":[117,125,246,277,286,306,313,451,556],"currently":[118],"perceived":[119],"practiced":[121],"patriarchal":[123,178,303,340,510,545,554],"societies,":[124],"disempowering":[126],"oppressive":[129,213],"for":[130,168,215,358,518,560],"multitude":[132],"reasons:":[134],"namely,":[135],"societal":[137],"devaluation":[138],"motherwork,":[140],"endless":[142],"tasks":[143],"privatized":[145],"mothering":[146,440,473,573],"impossible":[149],"standards":[150],"idealized":[152],"motherhood.":[153,179,270,576,614],"Likewise,":[154],"developed":[160],"plethora":[162],"theories":[164],"of,":[165],"strategies":[167,190],"empowerment,":[170],"order":[172],"contest,":[174],"challenge,":[175],"counter":[177,522],"This":[180],"article":[181],"will":[182,193],"so":[184],"much":[185,540],"revisit":[186],"these":[187],"ideas":[188],"request":[194],"alike":[199],"rethink":[200],"received":[201],"accepted":[203],"notions":[204],"how":[206,553],"why":[208,244,276,551],"functions":[210],"women.":[216],"When":[217],"they":[218,266],"are":[219,240,253],"asked,":[220],"students,":[221],"mothers,":[222],"readily":[225],"describe":[226],"exhaustion,":[228],"guilt,":[229],"boredom,":[230],"anxiety":[231],"loneliness":[233],"accompany":[235],"contemporary":[236],"Western":[237],"but":[239],"less":[241],"forthcoming":[242],"on":[243,391,544,568],"this":[245,278,293],"so.":[247],"Indeed,":[248],"North":[251],"America":[252],"overwhelmed,":[254],"fatigued":[255],"guilt-ridden":[257],"because":[258,311],"hard":[261],"work":[262],"responsibility":[264],"alone":[267],"assume":[268],"Yet":[271],"larger":[273],"question":[274],"remains:":[275],"so?":[279],"Despite":[280],"forty":[281],"years":[282],"feminism,":[284],"my":[287],"view,":[288],"argument":[291],"article,":[294],"modern":[296],"continues":[298],"function":[300],"which":[305],"largely":[307,605],"impervious":[308],"change":[310,488],"grounded":[314],"gender":[316,319,342],"essentialism,":[317,343],"ideology":[320],"establishes":[322],"naturalized":[324],"opposition":[325],"between":[326,384,439],"public":[327],"private":[329],"spheres.":[330],"Only":[331],"by":[332,461,591],"unearthing":[333],"severing":[335],"ideological":[337],"underpinning":[338],"can":[344,594],"we":[345],"practice":[354],"outlaw":[356,533,575],"twenty-first":[360],"century.":[361],"Theorizing":[362],"defining":[364],"Any":[367],"discussion":[368,582],"must":[372],"begin":[373],"distinction":[376,438],"made":[379],"Born":[383,507],"two":[385],"meanings":[386],"one":[389],"superimposed":[390],"other:":[393],"'the":[394,409],"potential":[395],"relationship":[396],"any":[398],"woman":[399],"powers":[402],"reproduction":[404],"children,'":[407],"institution--which":[410],"aims":[411],"at":[412],"ensuring":[413],"potential--and":[416],"all":[417],"women--shall":[418],"remain":[419],"under":[420],"male":[421],"control'":[422],"(emphasis":[423],"original).":[425],"(2)":[426],"It":[427],"long":[429],"recognized":[431],"among":[432],"was":[443],"what":[444],"enabled":[445],"feminists":[446],"recognize":[448],"naturally,":[453],"necessarily,":[454],"inevitably":[456],"oppressive,":[457],"view":[459],"held":[460],"some":[462],"second":[463],"wave":[464],"feminists.":[465],"On":[466],"contrary,":[468],"freed":[470],"could":[474],"be":[475,595],"experienced":[476],"site":[479,597],"location":[485],"social":[487],"if,":[489],"use":[491],"words,":[493],"women":[494],"became":[495],"'outlaws":[496],"motherhood.'":[501],"(3)":[502],"However,":[503],"while":[504,539],"interrupted":[508],"narrative":[511],"cleared":[515],"space":[517],"narratives":[523],"mothering,":[525],"did":[527],"generate":[529],"discourse":[531],"Moreover,":[538],"published":[543],"inaugural":[549],"text--documenting":[550],"harmful,":[557],"indeed":[558],"unnatural,":[559],"children":[563],"alike--little":[564],"written":[567],"possibility":[570],"empowered":[572],"As":[577],"Fiona":[578],"Green":[579],"writes,":[580],"'a":[581],"monumental":[585],"contention":[586],"even":[588],"when":[589],"restrained":[590],"patriarchy,":[592],"political":[601],"[is]":[603],"still":[604],"missing":[606],"increasing":[609],"dialogue":[610],"around":[613],"\u2026":[615]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
