{"id":"https://openalex.org/W154283076","doi":null,"title":"Inflammation in the nervous system. Basic mechanisms and immunological concepts.","display_name":"Inflammation in the nervous system. Basic mechanisms and immunological concepts.","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W154283076","mag":"154283076","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1780606"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1780606","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1780606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Revue neurologique","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W154283076"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050861407","display_name":"Hans Lassmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8617-5052","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8617-5052"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138211613","display_name":"Austrian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03anc3s24","country_code":"AT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138211613"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Lassmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Unit for Experimental Neuropathology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, University of Vienna"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Unit for Experimental Neuropathology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, University of Vienna","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I138211613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062970401","display_name":"Fritz Zimprich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6998-5480","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6998-5480"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F Zimprich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110934390","display_name":"Karl R\u00f6ssler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-8082","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-8082"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K R\u00f6ssler","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068703857","display_name":"Karl Vass","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Vass","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0357,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":102,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97869308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"147","issue":"12","first_page":"763","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.8208000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.8208000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.16089999675750732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-autoimmune-encephalomyelitis","display_name":"experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoreactive-t-cells","display_name":"autoreactive T cells","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigen-presenting-cells","display_name":"antigen-presenting cells","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meninges","display_name":"meninges","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglia","display_name":"microglia","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrocytes","display_name":"astrocytes","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-adhesion-molecules","display_name":"adhesion molecules","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoantibodies","display_name":"autoantibodies","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokines","display_name":"cytokines","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demyelination","display_name":"demyelination","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-damage","display_name":"tissue damage","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypersensitization","display_name":"hypersensitization","score":0.5490000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.7111835479736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.7079970836639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.6847622394561768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.6512337923049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6091820597648621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5069875717163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.49875307083129883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778486448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494066","display_name":"Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","level":3,"score":0.4543634057044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.448140412569046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777899865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1634879","display_name":"Encephalomyelitis","level":3,"score":0.43199554085731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.336361289024353}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000917","descriptor_name":"Antibody Formation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004679","descriptor_name":"Encephalomyelitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004679","descriptor_name":"Encephalomyelitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006649","descriptor_name":"Histocompatibility Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009443","descriptor_name":"Neuritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009443","descriptor_name":"Neuritis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1780606","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1780606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Revue neurologique","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:154283076","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1780606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W24158534","https://openalex.org/W1482306416","https://openalex.org/W2148255040","https://openalex.org/W2053737333","https://openalex.org/W2078364971","https://openalex.org/W1584579750","https://openalex.org/W4211246614","https://openalex.org/W55550323","https://openalex.org/W2230555901","https://openalex.org/W51893205"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,257],"basic":[1],"questions":[2,45],"in":[3,8,33,82,97,103,137,193,202,214,250,278],"the":[4,9,17,25,34,51,66,88,98,104,123,126,138,162,187,195,198,242],"pathogenesis":[5,52],"of":[6,53,56,68,78,87,106,110,128,145,158,164,175,186,197,233,238],"inflammation":[7,64],"nervous":[10,26,89],"system":[11,27],"are":[12],"how":[13,24,37],"inflammatory":[14,38,178,199,207,272],"cells":[15,39,81,136,179,185,205],"reach":[16],"brain,":[18],"where":[19],"they":[20],"recognize":[21],"their":[22],"antigen,":[23],"interacts":[28],"with":[29],"local":[30,115,143],"immune":[31,167,243],"regulation":[32],"lesion,":[35],"and":[36,77,84,116,148,161,201,206,227],"induce":[40,229],"irreversible":[41],"tissue":[42,211,255],"damage.":[43],"These":[44],"have":[46,224],"been":[47],"addressed":[48],"by":[49,177,183],"studying":[50],"experimental":[54,259],"models":[55],"encephalomyelitis.":[57],"minimal":[59],"requirement":[60],"to":[61,245,269],"start":[62],"brain":[63,75,129,139,159,170,188,276],"is":[65],"presence":[67,105,163,237],"activated":[69,221],"circulating":[70,111],"T-cells":[71],"directed":[72],"against":[73,169],"a":[74,92,156,230,286],"antigen":[76,79,133],"presenting":[80],"meninges":[83],"perivascular":[85],"spaces":[86],"system.":[90],"Such":[91],"constellation,":[93],"however,":[94],"only":[95],"results":[96],"disease":[99],"after":[100],"hypersensitization,":[101],"i.e.":[102],"very":[107,253],"high":[108,251],"numbers":[109],"autoreactive":[112],"T-cells.":[113],"Other":[114],"systemic":[117],"immunological":[118,264,289],"factors":[119],"may":[120,240,266,283],"profoundly":[121],"lower":[122],"threshold":[124],"for":[125,210],"induction":[127],"inflammation.":[130],"They":[131],"include":[132],"recognition":[134],"on":[135,285],"parenchyma":[140],"(microglia,":[141],"astroglia),":[142],"upregulation":[144],"MHC":[146],"antigens":[147,171],"possibly":[149],"adhesion":[150],"molecules":[151],"(by":[152],"cytokines":[153,176],"or":[154],"as":[155,180,182],"consequence":[157],"injury)":[160],"additional":[165,236],"humoral":[166],"responses":[168],"(autoantibodies).":[172],"Focal":[173],"production":[174],"well":[181],"resident":[184],"plays":[189],"an":[190],"important":[191],"role":[192],"determining":[194],"activity":[196],"process":[200],"inducing":[203],"effector":[204,222],"mediators,":[208],"responsible":[209],"destruction.":[212,256],"Whereas":[213],"pure":[215],"T-cell":[216],"mediated":[217],"auto-immune":[218],"encephalomyelitis":[219],"these":[220],"mechanisms":[223],"low":[225],"selectivity":[226],"mainly":[228],"\"bystander\"":[231],"damage":[232],"CNS":[234],"tissue,":[235],"autoantibodies":[239],"focus":[241],"reaction":[244],"specific":[246],"targets,":[247],"thus":[248],"inducing,":[249],"sensitivity,":[252],"selective":[254],"present":[258],"data":[260],"suggest":[261],"that":[262],"different":[263],"pathways":[265],"finally":[267],"lead":[268],"quite":[270,287],"similar":[271],"demyelinating":[273],"lesions.":[274],"Thus,":[275],"lesions":[277],"individual":[279],"multiple":[280],"sclerosis":[281],"patients":[282],"develop":[284],"diverse":[288],"background.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}