{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1542811167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","title":"Acted vs. natural frustration and delight: Many people smile in natural frustration","display_name":"Acted vs. natural frustration and delight: Many people smile in natural frustration","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1542811167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","mag":"1542811167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419159","display_name":"International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition","issn_l":"1541-5058","issn":["1541-5058","2326-5396"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Face and Gesture 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstreams/bba775ac-4299-43c9-98de-c747565f1fd2/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106184792","display_name":"Mohammed Ehsan Hoque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-4733","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-4733"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268810","display_name":"MIT Media Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/0253jyq40","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268810"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Hoque","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA","MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268810","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268810","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087366916","display_name":"Rosalind W. Picard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-0022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-0022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268810","display_name":"MIT Media Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/0253jyq40","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268810"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R W Picard","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA","MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268810","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268810","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1528,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97958426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"354","last_page":"359"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-recognition","display_name":"facial expression recognition","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosody","display_name":"prosody","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frustration","display_name":"frustration","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delight","display_name":"delight","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smile","display_name":"smiling","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"emotion recognition","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-emotion-recognition","display_name":"multimodal emotion recognition","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38710091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192242","display_name":"Frustration","level":2,"score":0.9836726188659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.7985516786575317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5575218200683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.5113644003868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.44320547580718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3767666816711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.21835428476333618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.07415348291397095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fg.2011.5771425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419159","display_name":"International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition","issn_l":"1541-5058","issn":["1541-5058","2326-5396"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Face and Gesture 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/66534","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66534","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstreams/bba775ac-4299-43c9-98de-c747565f1fd2/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MIT web domain","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.204.7879","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.204.7879","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://affect.media.mit.edu/pdfs/11.Hoque-Picard-FrustratedSmile-FG.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/66534","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66534","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstreams/bba775ac-4299-43c9-98de-c747565f1fd2/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MIT web domain","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542811167.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542811167.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W275595555","https://openalex.org/W1570448133","https://openalex.org/W2105410756","https://openalex.org/W2108385997","https://openalex.org/W2141660036","https://openalex.org/W2153822685","https://openalex.org/W2943755647","https://openalex.org/W2995034616","https://openalex.org/W3216401400","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6634094483","https://openalex.org/W6771710517"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122528367","https://openalex.org/W2185687181","https://openalex.org/W7096260878","https://openalex.org/W6996036403","https://openalex.org/W4400344648","https://openalex.org/W2996338639","https://openalex.org/W2741505354","https://openalex.org/W2547121747","https://openalex.org/W2787415549","https://openalex.org/W2004698738"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,127],"work":[1],"is":[2],"part":[3],"of":[4,74,80,97,110,137,170],"research":[5],"to":[6,10,16,32,52,92,130,148,173],"build":[7],"a":[8,58,63],"system":[9],"combine":[11],"facial":[12],"and":[13,25,61,145],"prosodic":[14],"information":[15],"recognize":[17],"commonly":[18],"occurring":[19],"user":[20],"states":[21,55],"such":[22],"as":[23],"delight":[24,45,146],"frustration.":[26],"We":[27,66],"create":[28],"two":[29,34,68,162],"experimental":[30],"situations":[31,41],"elicit":[33,53],"emotional":[35],"states:":[36],"the":[37,48,72,75,83,90,98,111,117,125,132,135,158,168],"first":[38],"involves":[39],"recalling":[40],"while":[42],"expressing":[43],"either":[44],"or":[46],"frustration;":[47],"second":[49],"experiment":[50],"tries":[51],"these":[54,161],"directly":[56],"through":[57,62],"frustrating":[59,118],"experience":[60],"delightful":[64],"video.":[65],"find":[67],"significant":[69,122],"differences":[70,133],"in":[71,95,108,134,160],"nature":[73],"acted":[76,84,99],"vs.":[77],"natural":[78,112,143,174],"occurrences":[79],"expressions.":[81,175],"First,":[82],"ones":[85],"are":[86,140],"much":[87],"easier":[88],"for":[89],"computer":[91],"recognize.":[93],"Second,":[94],"90%":[96,109],"cases,":[100,113,163],"participants":[101,114],"did":[102],"not":[103],"smile":[104],"when":[105],"frustrated,":[106],"whereas":[107],"smiled":[115],"during":[116],"interaction,":[119],"despite":[120],"self-reporting":[121],"frustration":[123,144],"with":[124],"experience.":[126],"paper":[128],"begins":[129],"explore":[131],"patterns":[136],"smiling":[138],"that":[139],"seen":[141],"under":[142],"conditions,":[147],"see":[149],"if":[150],"there":[151],"might":[152],"be":[153],"something":[154],"measurably":[155],"different":[156],"about":[157],"smiles":[159],"which":[164],"could":[165],"ultimately":[166],"improve":[167],"performance":[169],"classifiers":[171],"applied":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
