{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1542391564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","title":"Educational Expectations and Attainment","display_name":"Educational Expectations and Attainment","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1542391564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","mag":"1542391564"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w15683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002135064","display_name":"Brian Aaron Jacob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3794-9850","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3794-9850"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Jacob","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Policy University of Michigan 735 South State Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Policy University of Michigan 735 South State Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082403136","display_name":"Tamara Wilder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamara Wilder","raw_affiliation_strings":["NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","University of Michigan Weill Hall 735 S. State #5307 Ann Arbor, MI 48109-3091","School of Public Policy University of Michigan 735 South State Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan Weill Hall 735 S. State #5307 Ann Arbor, MI 48109-3091","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Policy University of Michigan 735 South State Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":182,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.5698000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.5698000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.35179999470710754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.04230000078678131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-expectations","display_name":"educational expectations","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-and-ethnic-differences","display_name":"racial and ethnic differences","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-differences","display_name":"socioeconomic differences","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-school-students","display_name":"high school students","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-ability","display_name":"academic ability","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-aspirations","display_name":"educational aspirations","score":0.31299999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779297142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412","display_name":"Educational attainment","level":2,"score":0.8271406888961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.6287338137626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.529224157333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5111680626869202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5022969245910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42960830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604521","display_name":"Status attainment","level":4,"score":0.4106946587562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.38998228311538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3693804144859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.29729002714157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.27044522762298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17646682262420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.15081098675727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08783546090126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0865727961063385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3386/w15683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberwo:15683","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w15683.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w15683.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:211487301","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED508124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3123245144","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:nbr:nberwo:15683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3151935615","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/15683.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w15683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w15683","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7390999794006348,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542391564.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1542391564.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86959386","https://openalex.org/W185258510","https://openalex.org/W1515775104","https://openalex.org/W1524511468","https://openalex.org/W1540285635","https://openalex.org/W1581113130","https://openalex.org/W1977891269","https://openalex.org/W1983458869","https://openalex.org/W1985246432","https://openalex.org/W1996412295","https://openalex.org/W1998250792","https://openalex.org/W2006584229","https://openalex.org/W2010865209","https://openalex.org/W2011680222","https://openalex.org/W2016224835","https://openalex.org/W2028998176","https://openalex.org/W2035051551","https://openalex.org/W2042741012","https://openalex.org/W2052187140","https://openalex.org/W2053123974","https://openalex.org/W2055674627","https://openalex.org/W2091037694","https://openalex.org/W2106756484","https://openalex.org/W2115466639","https://openalex.org/W2133188704","https://openalex.org/W2144373764","https://openalex.org/W2149235628","https://openalex.org/W2167493148","https://openalex.org/W2325373082","https://openalex.org/W2487158258","https://openalex.org/W3121384688","https://openalex.org/W3124714794","https://openalex.org/W3125403564","https://openalex.org/W4252127527","https://openalex.org/W4253494725","https://openalex.org/W6630788268"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W211487301","https://openalex.org/W7099183775","https://openalex.org/W1591450614","https://openalex.org/W2433754910","https://openalex.org/W2469063925","https://openalex.org/W2088182458","https://openalex.org/W3034179372","https://openalex.org/W2791766655","https://openalex.org/W2137542427","https://openalex.org/W2789720038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,9,25,31,34,69,84,104,108,137],"role":[4],"of":[5,19,81,93,101,113,139],"educational":[6,10,28],"expectations":[7,29,53,63,89,117],"in":[8,27,134],"attainment":[11,82,94],"process.":[12],"We":[13,37],"utilize":[14],"data":[15,105],"from":[16],"a":[17],"variety":[18],"datasets":[20],"to":[21,131],"document":[22],"and":[23,33,43,46,57,96,124],"analyze":[24],"trends":[26],"between":[30,121],"mid-1970s":[32],"early":[35],"2000s.":[36],"focus":[38],"on":[39,136],"differences":[40],"across":[41],"racial/ethnic":[42],"socioeconomic":[44],"groups":[45],"examine":[47],"how":[48],"young":[49,73],"people":[50],"update":[51,115],"their":[52,116],"during":[54],"high":[55],"school":[56],"beyond.":[58],"The":[59],"results":[60],"indicate":[61],"that":[62,107],"rose":[64],"for":[65],"all":[66],"students":[67,114],"with":[68],"greatest":[70],"increases":[71],"among":[72],"women.":[74],"Expectations":[75],"have":[76],"become":[77],"somewhat":[78],"less":[79],"predictive":[80],"over":[83],"past":[85],"several":[86],"decades":[87],"but":[88],"remain":[90],"strong":[91],"predictors":[92],"above":[95],"beyond":[97],"other":[98],"standard":[99],"determinants":[100],"schooling.":[102],"Interestingly,":[103],"demonstrate":[106],"majority":[109],"(about":[110],"60":[111],"percent)":[112],"at":[118],"least":[119],"once":[120],"eighth":[122],"grade":[123],"eight":[125],"years":[126],"post-high":[127],"school.":[128],"Updating":[129],"appears":[130],"be":[132],"based,":[133],"part,":[135],"acquisition":[138],"new":[140],"information":[141],"about":[142],"academic":[143],"ability.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
