{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1541979211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","title":"Walters' Congestion Theory","display_name":"Walters' Congestion Theory","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1541979211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","mag":"1541979211"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2340621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101764290","display_name":"John F. McDonald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-7990","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-7990"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John F. McDonald","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60605, United States","University of Illinois at Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60605, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101764290"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congestion-pricing","display_name":"congestion pricing","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congestion-tolls","display_name":"congestion tolls","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-demand","display_name":"traffic demand","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.3439410328865051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3422730565071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3212594985961914}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2340621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2340621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2340621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W591812531","https://openalex.org/W1574552435","https://openalex.org/W1579344322","https://openalex.org/W2051688498","https://openalex.org/W2131740028","https://openalex.org/W2153872359","https://openalex.org/W2160253009","https://openalex.org/W2261404203","https://openalex.org/W2979822058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2255195819","https://openalex.org/W4226277140","https://openalex.org/W3028079648","https://openalex.org/W2261404203","https://openalex.org/W3160564102","https://openalex.org/W7097176744","https://openalex.org/W178842547","https://openalex.org/W7131655463","https://openalex.org/W2260833621","https://openalex.org/W4399890121"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
