{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1541613185","doi":null,"title":"Turbulent separated flow past a backward-facing step: A critical evaluation of two-equation turbulence models","display_name":"Turbulent separated flow past a backward-facing step: A critical evaluation of two-equation turbulence models","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1541613185","mag":"1541613185"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:19910012138","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19910012138","pdf_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19910012138/downloads/19910012138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196257","display_name":"NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CASI","raw_type":"ICASE-91-23"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19910012138/downloads/19910012138.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112527452","display_name":"Sivagnanam Thangam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Thangam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stevens Institute of Technology,Hoboken,NJ,United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stevens Institute of Technology,Hoboken,NJ,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000880420","display_name":"Charles G. Speziale","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles G. Speziale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering Hampton, VA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering Hampton, VA, United States","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6689,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96107784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.6675000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.6675000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10173","display_name":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","score":0.3280999958515167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10944","display_name":"Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backward-facing-step","display_name":"backward-facing step","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-separation","display_name":"flow separation","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-equation-turbulence-model","display_name":"two-equation turbulence model","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-epsilon-turbulence-model","display_name":"k-epsilon turbulence model","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anisotropic-eddy-viscosity","display_name":"anisotropic eddy viscosity","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence-model-calibration","display_name":"turbulence model calibration","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-resolution","display_name":"numerical resolution","score":0.5609999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.7913466691970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204573209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417609","display_name":"Turbulence modeling","level":3,"score":0.7524058818817139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152846280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105530","display_name":"Reynolds stress equation model","level":5,"score":0.6159784197807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147196274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7319685","display_name":"Reynolds stress","level":3,"score":0.6154657602310181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184050105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273163","display_name":"Isotropy","level":2,"score":0.5699172019958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150711758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17148242","display_name":"K-epsilon turbulence model","level":3,"score":0.5222854614257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5122103095054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.498704195022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.4803151488304138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127172972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128709","display_name":"Viscosity","level":2,"score":0.4543336033821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85725439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466686","display_name":"Anisotropy","level":2,"score":0.4208929240703583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4085802435874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189223162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18386383","display_name":"K-omega turbulence model","level":4,"score":0.37762516736984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3747261166572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.19719475507736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:19910012138","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19910012138","pdf_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19910012138/downloads/19910012138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196257","display_name":"NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CASI","raw_type":"ICASE-91-23"},{"id":"mag:1541613185","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19910012138/downloads/19910012138.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:19910012138","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19910012138","pdf_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19910012138/downloads/19910012138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196257","display_name":"NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CASI","raw_type":"ICASE-91-23"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1541613185.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1541613185.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2568618671"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000318037","https://openalex.org/W15579909","https://openalex.org/W2013852448","https://openalex.org/W1586286428","https://openalex.org/W1662414960","https://openalex.org/W2047142080","https://openalex.org/W3009578667","https://openalex.org/W2172258545","https://openalex.org/W1543174563","https://openalex.org/W1635099151"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"ability":[1],"of":[2,39,52,65,93],"two-equation":[3,53],"models":[4],"to":[5,35],"accurately":[6],"predict":[7],"separated":[8],"flows":[9],"is":[10,26,56],"analyzed":[11],"from":[12,77,90],"a":[13,22,29,104],"combined":[14],"theoretical":[15],"and":[16,80],"computational":[17],"standpoint.":[18],"Turbulent":[19],"flow":[20],"past":[21,47],"backward":[23],"facing":[24],"step":[25],"chosen":[27],"as":[28],"test":[30],"case":[31],"in":[32,61,99],"an":[33,94,123],"effort":[34],"resolve":[36],"the":[37,46,50,59,62,66,91,115,136],"variety":[38],"conflicting":[40],"results":[41],"that":[42,58],"were":[43],"published":[44],"during":[45],"decade":[48],"concerning":[49],"performance":[51],"models.":[54],"It":[55],"found":[57],"errors":[60],"reported":[63],"predictions":[64,83,134],"k-epsilon":[67,117],"model":[68,118],"have":[69],"two":[70],"major":[71],"origins:":[72],"(1)":[73],"numerical":[74],"problems":[75],"arising":[76,89],"inadequate":[78],"resolution,":[79],"(2)":[81],"inaccurate":[82],"for":[84,135],"normal":[85],"Reynolds":[86],"stress":[87],"differences":[88],"use":[92],"isotropic":[95],"eddy":[96,127],"viscosity.":[97],"Inadequacies":[98],"near":[100],"wall":[101],"modelling":[102],"play":[103],"substantially":[105],"smaller":[106],"role.":[107],"Detailed":[108],"calculations":[109],"are":[110],"presented":[111],"which":[112],"strongly":[113],"indicate":[114],"standard":[116],"-":[119,129],"when":[120],"modified":[121],"with":[122],"independently":[124],"calibrated":[125],"anisotropic":[126],"viscosity":[128],"can":[130],"yield":[131],"surprisingly":[132],"good":[133],"backstep":[137],"problem.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
