{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1540936628","doi":null,"title":"Taxi Industry Regulation, Deregulation, and Reregulation: The Paradox of Market Failure","display_name":"Taxi Industry Regulation, Deregulation, and Reregulation: The Paradox of Market Failure","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1540936628","mag":"1540936628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.du.edu:tlj-1339","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/tlj/vol24/iss1/4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196520","display_name":"Digital Commons - DU (University of Denver)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I131651094","host_organization_name":"University of Denver","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Law Journal","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2241306_code372699.pdf?abstractid=2241306&mirid=1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004273381","display_name":"Paul Stephen Dempsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6495-8259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6495-8259"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul Stephen Dempsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["McGill University; Faculty of Law"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6495-8259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University; Faculty of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004273381"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9212,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89355163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":0.8877000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":0.8877000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.06239999830722809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14230","display_name":"Occupational and Professional Licensing Regulation","score":0.02800000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deregulation","display_name":"deregulation","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/re-regulation","display_name":"re-regulation","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-failure","display_name":"market failure","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limited-entry","display_name":"limited entry","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fare-regulation","display_name":"fare regulation","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-standards","display_name":"service standards","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-infrastructure","display_name":"transport infrastructure","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-transport-policy","display_name":"urban transport policy","score":0.4259999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78780426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902410","display_name":"Deregulation","level":2,"score":0.8795007467269897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.5759735107421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778869765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6028363","display_name":"Inefficiency","level":2,"score":0.5724284648895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178411942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622657","display_name":"Market failure","level":2,"score":0.4988551139831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.46664145588874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4442136883735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16051113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828814","display_name":"Market share","level":2,"score":0.4295431673526764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4209796190261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39334678649902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.3476324677467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.21103456616401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15002542734146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12013900279998779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133425853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571","display_name":"Neoclassical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.du.edu:tlj-1339","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.du.edu/tlj/vol24/iss1/4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196520","display_name":"Digital Commons - DU (University of Denver)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I131651094","host_organization_name":"University of Denver","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Law Journal","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1540936628","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2241306_code372699.pdf?abstractid=2241306&mirid=1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:1540936628","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2241306_code372699.pdf?abstractid=2241306&mirid=1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.651199996471405,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6207000017166138,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3122292311","https://openalex.org/W1528487678","https://openalex.org/W307729235","https://openalex.org/W7062895809","https://openalex.org/W140147956","https://openalex.org/W1005605014","https://openalex.org/W575604582","https://openalex.org/W644210326","https://openalex.org/W4232672078","https://openalex.org/W1589319581"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,53,73,82,87,101,125,136,169,180,194,204,251,256,318,330,336,360,376],"last":[2],"fifteen":[3],"years,":[4],"Congress":[5],"has":[6,155,220],"deregulated,":[7],"wholly":[8],"or":[9,80,197],"partly,":[10],"a":[11,33,63,78,183,264,290,302,373],"number":[12,252],"of":[13,19,55,96,115,153,226,244,253,258,266,294,305,325,339,359,362,379],"infrastructure":[14,116],"industries,":[15,117],"including":[16],"most":[17,191],"modes":[18],"transport":[20],"-":[21,168],"airlines,":[22],"motor":[23],"carriers,":[24],"railroads,":[25],"and":[26,41,48,57,104,135,145,163,234,269,275,283,301,308,322,327,349,365],"intercity":[27],"bus":[28],"companies.":[29,202,241],"Deregulation":[30],"emerged":[31],"in":[32,100,121,179,193,224,329],"comprehensive":[34],"ideological":[35,149],"movement":[36],"which":[37],"abhorred":[38],"governmental":[39,70],"pricing":[40],"entry":[42,249],"controls":[43],"as":[44,287,289,333,335],"manifestly":[45],"causing":[46],"waste":[47],"inefficiency,":[49],"while":[50],"denying":[51],"consumers":[52],"range":[54],"price":[56,88],"service":[58,279],"options":[59],"they":[60],"desire.":[61],"In":[62],"nation":[64],"dedicated":[65],"to":[66,75,85,112,166,260,347,352],"free":[67],"market":[68,84,108,137],"capitalism,":[69],"restraints":[71],"on":[72],"freedom":[74],"enter":[76],"into":[77],"business":[79],"allowing":[81],"competitive":[83],"set":[86],"seem":[89],"fundamentally":[90],"at":[91,375],"odds":[92],"with":[93,206,367,372],"immutable":[94],"notions":[95],"economic":[97,113,228,363],"liberty.":[98],"While":[99],"late":[102],"19th":[103],"early":[105],"20th":[106],"Century,":[107],"failure":[109],"gave":[110],"birth":[111],"regulation":[114,167,243,326,353],"today,":[118],"we":[119],"live":[120],"an":[122,355],"era":[123],"where":[124],"conventional":[126],"wisdom":[127],"is":[128,354],"that":[129,213,217],"government":[130],"can":[131,138],"do":[132,139],"little":[133,140],"good":[134],"wrong.":[141],"Despite":[142],"this":[143],"passionate":[144],"powerful":[146],"contemporary":[147],"political/economic":[148],"movement,":[150],"one":[151],"mode":[152],"transportation":[154],"come":[156],"full":[157],"circle":[158],"from":[159,345],"regulation,":[160,346],"through":[161],"deregulation,":[162,348],"back":[164,350],"again":[165],"taxi":[170,177,201,331,340,380],"industry.":[171],"American":[172],"cities":[173],"began":[174],"regulating":[175],"local":[176,239],"firms":[178],"1920s.":[181],"Beginning":[182],"half":[184],"century":[185],"later,":[186],"more":[187],"than":[188],"20":[189],"cities,":[190],"located":[192],"Sunbelt,":[195],"totally":[196],"partially":[198],"deregulated":[199],"their":[200,238],"However,":[203],"experience":[205],"taxicab":[207,240],"deregulation":[208,328],"was":[209],"so":[210],"profoundly":[211],"unsatisfactory":[212],"virtually":[214],"every":[215],"city":[216],"embraced":[218],"it":[219,223],"since":[221],"jettisoned":[222],"favor":[225],"resumed":[227],"regulation.":[229,381],"Today,":[230],"nearly":[231],"all":[232],"large":[233],"medium-sized":[235],"communities":[236],"regulate":[237],"Typically,":[242],"taxicabs":[245],"involves:":[246],"(1)":[247],"limited":[248],"(restricting":[250],"firms,":[254],"and/or":[255],"ratio":[257],"taxis":[259],"population),":[261],"usually":[262],"under":[263],"standard":[265],"public":[267],"convenience":[268],"necessity,":[270],"[PC&N]":[271],"(2)":[272],"just,":[273],"reasonable,":[274],"non-discriminatory":[276,295],"fares,":[277],"(3)":[278],"standards":[280,312],"(e.g.,":[281,313],"vehicular":[282],"driver":[284],"safety":[285],"standards,":[286],"well":[288,334],"common":[291],"carrier":[292],"obligation":[293],"service,":[296],"24-hour":[297],"radio":[298],"dispatch":[299],"capability,":[300],"minimum":[303],"level":[304],"response":[306],"time),":[307],"(4)":[309],"financial":[310],"responsibility":[311],"insurance).":[314],"This":[315],"article":[316],"explores":[317],"legal,":[319],"historical,":[320],"economic,":[321],"philosophical":[323],"bases":[324],"industry,":[332],"empirical":[337,368],"results":[338],"deregulation.":[341],"The":[342],"paradoxical":[343],"metamorphosis":[344],"again,":[351],"interesting":[356],"case":[357],"study":[358],"collision":[361],"theory":[364],"ideology,":[366],"reality.":[369],"We":[370],"begin":[371],"look":[374],"historical":[377],"origins":[378]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}