{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1537168481","doi":null,"title":"The Impact of Immunosenescence on Immune Responses: A Challenge on Influenza Vaccination in the Elderly","display_name":"The Impact of Immunosenescence on Immune Responses: A Challenge on Influenza Vaccination in the Elderly","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1537168481","mag":"1537168481"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.unhas.ac.id:123456789/8404","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.unhas.ac.id/handle/123456789/8404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922391","display_name":"Hasanuddin University Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025171117","display_name":"Firzan Nainu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-4023","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-4023"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nainu, Firzan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025171117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10167","display_name":"Influenza Virus Research Studies","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.012500000186264515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosenescence","display_name":"immunosenescence","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influenza-vaccination","display_name":"influenza vaccination","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-efficacy","display_name":"vaccine efficacy","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-and-adaptive-immunity","display_name":"innate and adaptive immunity","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-influenza","display_name":"seasonal influenza","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-aging","display_name":"population aging","score":0.4580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779056147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660191","display_name":"Immunosenescence","level":3,"score":0.9654914140701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.6639266610145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133925201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188419","display_name":"Life expectancy","level":3,"score":0.63357013463974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5947459936141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5552656650543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5242650508880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13774568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q439112","display_name":"Population ageing","level":3,"score":0.5064116716384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4846223294734955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3803035020828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.3659365177154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.22294160723686218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.unhas.ac.id:123456789/8404","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.unhas.ac.id/handle/123456789/8404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922391","display_name":"Hasanuddin University Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520873044","https://openalex.org/W1538972034","https://openalex.org/W1548367056","https://openalex.org/W1886211768","https://openalex.org/W1965401738","https://openalex.org/W1977152010","https://openalex.org/W1995744610","https://openalex.org/W1997412308","https://openalex.org/W2013200963","https://openalex.org/W2013704309","https://openalex.org/W2021697429","https://openalex.org/W2033252622","https://openalex.org/W2042651895","https://openalex.org/W2044159907","https://openalex.org/W2045107302","https://openalex.org/W2046151348","https://openalex.org/W2052732238","https://openalex.org/W2068493773","https://openalex.org/W2070146093","https://openalex.org/W2089244708","https://openalex.org/W2095069717","https://openalex.org/W2097222403","https://openalex.org/W2098832466","https://openalex.org/W2102832534","https://openalex.org/W2116090359","https://openalex.org/W2119964825","https://openalex.org/W2124572170","https://openalex.org/W2124815472","https://openalex.org/W2127680185","https://openalex.org/W2128275973","https://openalex.org/W2133557363","https://openalex.org/W2136342964","https://openalex.org/W2136481538","https://openalex.org/W2143135577","https://openalex.org/W2183426161","https://openalex.org/W2470217450","https://openalex.org/W3022692929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480532996","https://openalex.org/W7223127160","https://openalex.org/W2060654063","https://openalex.org/W2548974453","https://openalex.org/W2007404815","https://openalex.org/W2983434319","https://openalex.org/W2155847407","https://openalex.org/W2299029896","https://openalex.org/W3031492511","https://openalex.org/W2148094253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"global":[1],"population":[2,52,65],"of":[3,27,50,113,133,138,146,153,166,206,212,252,274,284,319,324,344,361,378,387],"people":[4,101,381],"older":[5,58],"than":[6,59],"65":[7],"years":[8],"is":[9,41,110,125,143,159,208,238,331],"estimated":[10],"to":[11,15,35,43,85,96,104,161,176,182,256,264,266,290,333,374],"rise":[12],"dramatically":[13],"due":[14],"advances":[16],"in":[17,24,39,53,102,122,140,156,179,199,231,235,278,286,292,298,305,327,347],"average":[18],"life":[19,388],"expectancy.":[20],"A":[21],"massive":[22],"increase":[23,152],"the":[25,51,63,70,75,105,123,134,141,147,151,157,167,180,186,196,200,204,232,241,250,253,271,279,287,317,322,328,342,348,362,372,379],"numbers":[26],"elderly":[28,76,142,158,201,233,288,349],"persons;":[29],"from":[30,78,93],"600":[31],"million":[32],"at":[33],"present":[34,356],"nearly":[36],"2":[37],"billion":[38],"2050,":[40],"expected":[42],"happen":[44],"worldwide":[45],"and,":[46],"approximately,":[47],"25":[48],"%":[49],"developed":[54],"countries":[55],"will":[56],"be":[57,97,162],"65.":[60],"To":[61],"date,":[62],"ageing":[64,173],"presents":[66],"a":[67,114,163,177,228,313],"challenge":[68],"for":[69,150],"public":[71],"healthcare":[72],"system":[73,169,255],"since":[74,195,337],"suffer":[77],"more":[79],"frequent":[80],"and":[81,121,188,203,234,302,366,382],"severe":[82],"infections":[83,94,154],"compare":[84,289],"their":[86,385],"younger":[87,106],"counterparts.":[88],"In":[89,130],"addition,":[90],"poor":[91],"outcomes":[92],"tend":[95],"experienced":[98],"by":[99,184,240,270],"aged":[100,380],"comparison":[103],"population.":[107],"Influenza,":[108],"particularly,":[109],"an":[111,282],"example":[112],"common":[115],"infection":[116,183,213,259],"which":[117,174],"causes":[118,137],"annual":[119,275],"epidemics,":[120],"elderly,":[124,280],"associated":[126],"with":[127,172,281],"increased":[128],"morbidity.":[129],"fact,":[131],"one":[132],"ten":[135],"major":[136],"death":[139],"influenza.":[144],"One":[145],"main":[148],"reasons":[149],"observed":[155],"believed":[160],"gradual":[164],"deterioration":[165],"immune":[168,190,197,254,376],"that":[170],"occur":[171],"leads":[175],"decline":[178],"response":[181,198,377],"both":[185],"innate":[187],"adaptive":[189],"systems,":[191],"namely":[192],"immunosenescence.":[193],"Basically,":[194],"declines":[202],"outcome":[205],"infect-ion":[207],"often":[209],"poor,":[210],"prevention":[211],"becomes":[214],"critically":[215],"important":[216,220,332],".":[217],"Vaccination":[218],"against":[219],"infectious":[221],"pathogens":[222],"such":[223],"as":[224,268],"influenza,":[225],"could":[226],"provide":[227],"sufficient":[229],"protection":[230],"this":[236,335],"case":[237],"recommended":[239],"World":[242],"Health":[243],"Organization.":[244],"Unfortunately,":[245],"immunosenescence":[246,306,320],"not":[247,311],"only":[248],"impairs":[249],"ability":[251],"fend":[257],"off":[258],"but":[260],"also":[261],"its":[262],"capacity":[263],"respond":[265],"immunisation,":[267],"shown":[269],"reduced":[272],"efficacy":[273,283,369],"influenza":[276,299,325,345,390],"vaccination":[277,326,346,368],"17-53%":[285],"70-90%":[291],"healthy":[293],"adults.":[294],"Despite":[295],"considerable":[296],"progress":[297],"vaccine":[300],"development":[301],"our":[303],"understanding":[304,315],"mechanisms,":[307],"we":[308],"still":[309],"do":[310],"have":[312,340],"clear":[314],"regarding":[316],"impact":[318],"on":[321],"effectiveness":[323,343],"elderly.":[329],"It":[330],"identify":[334],"issue":[336],"several":[338],"studies":[339,355],"reported":[341],"during":[350,389],"seasonal":[351],"outbreak":[352],"while":[353],"other":[354],"contradictory":[357],"results.":[358],"Further":[359],"elucidation":[360],"relationship":[363],"between":[364],"immunosene-scence":[365],"infuenza":[367],"would":[370],"reveal":[371],"way":[373],"improve":[375,384],"therefore,":[383],"quality":[386],"outbreak.":[391]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T06:18:51.028212","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}