{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1536701723","doi":null,"title":"Childhood homicide, suicide, and firearm deaths: an international comparison.","display_name":"Childhood homicide, suicide, and firearm deaths: an international comparison.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1536701723","mag":"1536701723","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9170242"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:9170242","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9170242","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111501754","display_name":"Etienne G. Krug","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E G Krug","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073931701","display_name":"Linda L. Dahlberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L L Dahlberg","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039982238","display_name":"K E Powell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K E Powell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3931,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88327356,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"3-4","first_page":"230","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12265","display_name":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12265","display_name":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13605","display_name":"Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse","score":0.11739999800920486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10376","display_name":"Suicide and Self-Harm Studies","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-suicide","display_name":"child suicide","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firearm-related-deaths","display_name":"firearm deaths","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developed-countries","display_name":"developed countries","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-mortality","display_name":"child mortality","score":0.6510000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C525541732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149086","display_name":"Homicide","level":4,"score":0.8068407773971558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.5566273927688599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.5521185398101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.5497751832008362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5315620303153992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.4879710078239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.47209233045578003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4711923599243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.43389174342155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.4316960275173187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.395244300365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3258671760559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.14323237538337708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.05574771761894226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006708","descriptor_name":"Homicide","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007237","descriptor_name":"Infanticide","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013405","descriptor_name":"Suicide","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:9170242","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9170242","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"mag:1536701723","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9170242","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8999999761581421},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.666700005531311}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4256155204","https://openalex.org/W2169425547","https://openalex.org/W4254745732","https://openalex.org/W2057555638","https://openalex.org/W2165477204","https://openalex.org/W7097050370","https://openalex.org/W7098439956","https://openalex.org/W7045974594","https://openalex.org/W2322505582","https://openalex.org/W2087643778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"is":[2],"intended":[3],"to":[4,126],"provide":[5],"a":[6],"better":[7],"understanding":[8],"of":[9,12,20,30,75,102,122],"the":[10,38,45,52,69,76,120],"incidence":[11],"violent":[13,31],"deaths":[14,33,61,110],"among":[15,62,111],"children":[16,63,112],"under":[17,113],"15":[18,114],"years":[19,115],"age":[21],"in":[22,37,44,51,68,73,105],"highly":[23],"industrialized":[24,39],"countries/areas.":[25],"We":[26],"found":[27],"that":[28,42],"rates":[29,43,84,92],"childhood":[32,82,90],"are":[34,64,85,93,104],"not":[35],"uniform":[36],"world":[40],"and":[41,55,89],"United":[46,70],"States":[47,71],"greatly":[48],"exceed":[49],"those":[50],"other":[53,77],"countries":[54,78,98],"areas.":[56],"In":[57],"fact,":[58],"total":[59],"firearm":[60,109],"12":[65],"times":[66,87],"higher":[67],"than":[72],"all":[74],"or":[79,99],"areas":[80],"combined;":[81],"homicide":[83],"5":[86],"higher;":[88],"suicide":[91],"twice":[94],"as":[95],"high.":[96],"Five":[97],"areas,":[100],"3":[101],"which":[103],"Asia,":[106],"reported":[107],"no":[108],"old.":[116],"These":[117],"findings":[118],"suggest":[119],"value":[121],"conducting":[123],"further":[124],"research":[125],"explore":[127],"these":[128],"cross-national":[129],"differences.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}