{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1534201605","doi":null,"title":"Alienation: A Theoretical Overview","display_name":"Alienation: A Theoretical Overview","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1534201605","mag":"1534201605"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1534201605","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hamid_Sarfraz/publication/271522454_Alienation_A_Theoretical_Overview/links/54cb56bf0cf2c70ce52557e2.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764714995","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","issn_l":"1016-0604","issn":["1016-0604","2663-208X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046503033","display_name":"Hamid Sarfraz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20561161","display_name":"University of Balochistan","ror":"https://ror.org/04bf33n91","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20561161"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Sarfraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sociology University of Balochistan Quetta, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology University of Balochistan Quetta, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20561161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046503033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20561161"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"45","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12839","display_name":"Emile Durkheim and Sociology","score":0.13269999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12839","display_name":"Emile Durkheim and Sociology","score":0.13269999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12864","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Social Critique","score":0.1264999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12231","display_name":"Contemporary Sociological Theory and Practice","score":0.10159999877214432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alienation","display_name":"alienation","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomie","display_name":"anomie","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/georg-wilhelm-friedrich-hegel","display_name":"Hegel","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emile-durkheim","display_name":"\u00c9mile Durkheim","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merton","display_name":"Merton","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-contract-theory","display_name":"social contract theory","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capitalist-society","display_name":"capitalist society","score":0.640999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171773132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2519156","display_name":"Alienation","level":2,"score":0.968960702419281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60525332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17930","display_name":"Anomie","level":2,"score":0.8887838125228882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.8064702749252319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32506930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906313","display_name":"Hegelianism","level":2,"score":0.7316824793815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780409804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621701","display_name":"Apprehension","level":2,"score":0.634815514087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5106824040412903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5069782733917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.5061914324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779784881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q602884","display_name":"Social phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.4998319149017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.3870093524456024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37083888053894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3487779200077057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3369637727737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.17510470747947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15511468052864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10171657800674438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1534201605","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hamid_Sarfraz/publication/271522454_Alienation_A_Theoretical_Overview/links/54cb56bf0cf2c70ce52557e2.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764714995","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","issn_l":"1016-0604","issn":["1016-0604","2663-208X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494948774","https://openalex.org/W1522133505","https://openalex.org/W1556057683","https://openalex.org/W1575545140","https://openalex.org/W1972922514","https://openalex.org/W1978872498","https://openalex.org/W2017787230","https://openalex.org/W2025776794","https://openalex.org/W2036697916","https://openalex.org/W2038198955","https://openalex.org/W2041882206","https://openalex.org/W2062061493","https://openalex.org/W2064072493","https://openalex.org/W2082507057","https://openalex.org/W2100826189","https://openalex.org/W2108325248","https://openalex.org/W2111632012","https://openalex.org/W2113191120","https://openalex.org/W2145101424","https://openalex.org/W2157300266","https://openalex.org/W2318298241","https://openalex.org/W2319178948","https://openalex.org/W2320033706","https://openalex.org/W2321180122","https://openalex.org/W2331367826","https://openalex.org/W2409769669","https://openalex.org/W2617237995","https://openalex.org/W3177367885"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W26360615","https://openalex.org/W2164739678","https://openalex.org/W4238947824","https://openalex.org/W2029070391","https://openalex.org/W2053010558","https://openalex.org/W4400608485","https://openalex.org/W76311628","https://openalex.org/W2497117621","https://openalex.org/W200947488","https://openalex.org/W7011155054"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Alienation,":[0],"although":[1],"an":[2,81],"abstruse":[3],"concept,":[4],"has":[5],"ever":[6],"been":[7],"a":[8,37,46,56],"phenomenon":[9,49,93],"of":[10,36,60,86,91,97],"central":[11],"concern":[12],"in":[13,18],"the":[14,25,61,92,95],"sociological":[15],"analysis.":[16],"Initially,":[17],"theological":[19],"writings,":[20],"it":[21,44,70,73],"denoted":[22],"separation":[23],"from":[24],"God.":[26],"The":[27],"social-contract":[28],"theorists":[29],"considered":[30],"alienation":[31,54,87],"as":[32],"propitious":[33],"to":[34,51],"inception":[35],"new":[38],"social":[39,48,76],"order.":[40],"To":[41],"Hegel":[42],"(1949)":[43],"was":[45,55],"disastrous":[47],"while":[50],"Marx":[52],"(1963)":[53],"destructive":[57],"socio-psychological":[58],"dilemma":[59],"capitalist":[62],"society.":[63],"Durkheim":[64],"(1976)":[65],"and":[66,100],"Merton":[67],"(1957)":[68],"termed":[69],"anomie":[71],"relating":[72],"with":[74],"objective":[75],"conditions.":[77],"Seeman":[78],"(1991)":[79],"developed":[80],"analytical":[82],"model":[83],"for":[84],"apprehension":[85],"identifying":[88],"six":[89],"variants":[90],"on":[94],"basis":[96],"their":[98],"genesis":[99],"consequences.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}