{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1533073530","doi":null,"title":"The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo","display_name":"The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1533073530","mag":"1533073530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aut.researchgateway.ac.nz:10292/197","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020975266","display_name":"Erik Dombroski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4067-2720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4067-2720"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erik Dombroski","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4067-2720","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020975266"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11068","display_name":"Tendon Structure and Treatment","score":0.6865000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11068","display_name":"Tendon Structure and Treatment","score":0.6865000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12712","display_name":"Myofascial pain diagnosis and treatment","score":0.0632999986410141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.049800001084804535,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclic-loading","display_name":"cyclic loading","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-stretching","display_name":"passive stretching","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-stiffness","display_name":"passive stiffness","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-tendon-stiffness","display_name":"muscle-tendon stiffness","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscoelasticity","display_name":"viscoelasticity","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creep","display_name":"creep","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-relaxation","display_name":"stress relaxation","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamstring-extensibility","display_name":"hamstring extensibility","score":0.46700000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780105995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232358","display_name":"Tendon","level":2,"score":0.6955499053001404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32833848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115054","display_name":"Extensibility","level":2,"score":0.6696138381958008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.6209897994995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776141760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196002","display_name":"Hamstring","level":2,"score":0.6062995195388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993909470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Human muscle","level":3,"score":0.5847505927085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.4307183027267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3988266587257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3728353977203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30534303188323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24116182327270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.21180105209350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.16828328371047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779959927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Skeletal muscle","level":2,"score":0.0845845639705658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.05552029609680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:aut.researchgateway.ac.nz:10292/197","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openrepository.aut.ac.nz:10292/197","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","pdf_url":"https://openrepository.aut.ac.nz/bitstreams/438d94ee-8ea8-4fa6-9633-6aa6f24e8433/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:1533073530","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/handle/10292/197","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aut.researchgateway.ac.nz:10292/197","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310339","display_name":"Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand","ror":"https://ror.org/01zvqw119"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1533073530.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1533073530.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":141,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9832620","https://openalex.org/W22612401","https://openalex.org/W31779030","https://openalex.org/W55358365","https://openalex.org/W70414729","https://openalex.org/W76937761","https://openalex.org/W154221459","https://openalex.org/W172962529","https://openalex.org/W1484300714","https://openalex.org/W1492496363","https://openalex.org/W1493095004","https://openalex.org/W1504352848","https://openalex.org/W1584749760","https://openalex.org/W1601538166","https://openalex.org/W1922063949","https://openalex.org/W1963635384","https://openalex.org/W1964608114","https://openalex.org/W1964859063","https://openalex.org/W1965363611","https://openalex.org/W1966689541","https://openalex.org/W1967212620","https://openalex.org/W1969922068","https://openalex.org/W1973639994","https://openalex.org/W1977075267","https://openalex.org/W1977403621","https://openalex.org/W1979186627","https://openalex.org/W1979789171","https://openalex.org/W1980567823","https://openalex.org/W1982644354","https://openalex.org/W1984989456","https://openalex.org/W1985935320","https://openalex.org/W1985986358","https://openalex.org/W1989155992","https://openalex.org/W1989165920","https://openalex.org/W1989363689","https://openalex.org/W1991747110","https://openalex.org/W1994036138","https://openalex.org/W1994052954","https://openalex.org/W1995117263","https://openalex.org/W1998477000","https://openalex.org/W1998490431","https://openalex.org/W2003748371","https://openalex.org/W2007181417","https://openalex.org/W2008883794","https://openalex.org/W2009760739","https://openalex.org/W2011752390","https://openalex.org/W2012487210","https://openalex.org/W2012529243","https://openalex.org/W2014672410","https://openalex.org/W2017630698","https://openalex.org/W2017960653","https://openalex.org/W2017978502","https://openalex.org/W2018578776","https://openalex.org/W2020176959","https://openalex.org/W2020506439","https://openalex.org/W2020518553","https://openalex.org/W2022317304","https://openalex.org/W2022630314","https://openalex.org/W2023679256","https://openalex.org/W2024616348","https://openalex.org/W2025595638","https://openalex.org/W2029228164","https://openalex.org/W2029350212","https://openalex.org/W2029495958","https://openalex.org/W2029552212","https://openalex.org/W2029887275","https://openalex.org/W2031203982","https://openalex.org/W2033844681","https://openalex.org/W2033921590","https://openalex.org/W2040979013","https://openalex.org/W2041380837","https://openalex.org/W2042900218","https://openalex.org/W2044846800","https://openalex.org/W2045352797","https://openalex.org/W2045404964","https://openalex.org/W2047208889","https://openalex.org/W2049977345","https://openalex.org/W2051373668","https://openalex.org/W2052717554","https://openalex.org/W2054684508","https://openalex.org/W2059800447","https://openalex.org/W2059934579","https://openalex.org/W2065329372","https://openalex.org/W2065382062","https://openalex.org/W2066425413","https://openalex.org/W2069460644","https://openalex.org/W2069816113","https://openalex.org/W2070354498","https://openalex.org/W2072182974","https://openalex.org/W2072293064","https://openalex.org/W2074582656","https://openalex.org/W2077500012","https://openalex.org/W2077652735","https://openalex.org/W2078160025","https://openalex.org/W2079711103","https://openalex.org/W2081280678","https://openalex.org/W2081798722","https://openalex.org/W2087247763","https://openalex.org/W2087715207","https://openalex.org/W2088017927","https://openalex.org/W2088726446","https://openalex.org/W2090083372","https://openalex.org/W2093537924","https://openalex.org/W2095881593","https://openalex.org/W2097491372","https://openalex.org/W2100739329","https://openalex.org/W2106952837","https://openalex.org/W2107333959","https://openalex.org/W2107396654","https://openalex.org/W2109738881","https://openalex.org/W2111080666","https://openalex.org/W2115438428","https://openalex.org/W2117929801","https://openalex.org/W2119267638","https://openalex.org/W2122940541","https://openalex.org/W2124249017","https://openalex.org/W2124775881","https://openalex.org/W2129176624","https://openalex.org/W2129727213","https://openalex.org/W2134462978","https://openalex.org/W2134594897","https://openalex.org/W2137097117","https://openalex.org/W2137310498","https://openalex.org/W2138076331","https://openalex.org/W2151001797","https://openalex.org/W2151797558","https://openalex.org/W2159016988","https://openalex.org/W2161414149","https://openalex.org/W2166370870","https://openalex.org/W2170294886","https://openalex.org/W2174295199","https://openalex.org/W2219441996","https://openalex.org/W2263282586","https://openalex.org/W2264906427","https://openalex.org/W2273674837","https://openalex.org/W2397170923","https://openalex.org/W2402535528","https://openalex.org/W2488164446","https://openalex.org/W2772803652","https://openalex.org/W2883983144","https://openalex.org/W4321429396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081798722","https://openalex.org/W1992959601","https://openalex.org/W1994036138","https://openalex.org/W3210106532","https://openalex.org/W2138076331","https://openalex.org/W2040454898","https://openalex.org/W2107396654","https://openalex.org/W1964608114","https://openalex.org/W2948333274","https://openalex.org/W1998477000"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,220,424],"objective":[1],"of":[2,10,16,43,59,69,77,93,112,146,161,208,231,244,299,321,341,360,365,371,401,426,447,465,478],"this":[3],"study":[4,140,429,454],"was":[5,31,260,304,312,332,412],"to":[6,38,65,149,174,369],"investigate":[7],"the":[8,14,40,44,48,66,75,91,94,159,162,185,195,199,215,227,236,242,245,248,250,255,296,318,322,338,342,346,361,372,398,402,418,427,435,443,452,457,460,463,487],"influence":[9],"cyclic":[11,144,192,256,373,433],"loading":[12,145,257,374,434],"on":[13],"extensibility":[15,42,160,234],"hamstring":[17,163,232,436],"muscle-tendon":[18,45,114,488],"units":[19,115],"in":[20,82,90,100,117,122,138,184,214,267,287,384,462],"vivo.Study":[21],"Design:":[22],"A":[23,281,306],"test-retest":[24],"randomised":[25],"controlled":[26],"trial":[27],"with":[28,97],"repeated":[29,156,240],"measures":[30,157],"undertaken.Background:":[32],"Stretching":[33],"has":[34,141],"been":[35,63],"commonly":[36],"promoted":[37],"increase":[39,266,308,383],"passive":[41,143,169,191,210,216,233,270,288,301,315,335,386,393,415],"units,":[46],"yet":[47],"mechanism":[49,458],"behind":[50,459],"its":[51],"proposed":[52],"effects":[53,485],"remains":[54],"ambiguous.":[55],"In":[56],"vivo":[57,118,123,139],"studies":[58,72,125],"stretching":[60],"have":[61,73,86,127,131],"mostly":[62],"limited":[64],"viscoelastic":[67],"characteristic":[68,76],"stress-relaxation.":[70],"Few":[71],"investigated":[74,128],"creep.":[78],"Animal":[79],"and":[80,103,275,392,439,482],"cadaver":[81],"vitro":[83],"creep":[84,129,491],"experiments":[85],"consistently":[87],"shown":[88],"increases":[89],"length":[92],"soft":[95],"tissues,":[96],"associated":[98],"changes":[99,461],"their":[101],"resistance":[102,211,271,289],"stiffness.":[104],"These":[105],"results":[106],"however,":[107],"might":[108],"not":[109],"be":[110],"representative":[111],"human":[113,124,147],"under":[116],"conditions.":[119],"Additionally,":[120],"those":[121],"that":[126,431,473],"phenomenon":[130],"contrasting":[132],"results.":[133],"To":[134],"date,":[135],"no":[136,349],"known":[137],"examined":[142],"hamstrings":[148],"a":[150,155,168,179,261,378,476],"constant":[151],"load":[152],"level.Method:":[153],"Using":[154],"design":[158],"muscles":[164,437],"were":[165,239,355,493],"assessed":[166],"by":[167],"knee":[170,200,217,276,302,323,387,403,421,448],"extension":[171,203,218],"test":[172,238,252],"(PKE)":[173],"maximal":[175,209,269,300],"stretch":[176,480],"tolerance":[177,481],"using":[178,235],"KinCom\u00ae":[180,196],"dynamometer.":[181],"Those":[182],"participants":[183],"intervention":[186,228,375],"group":[187,222,258],"underwent":[188],"45":[189],"continuous":[190],"loadings":[193],"as":[194],"dynamometer":[197],"moved":[198],"joint":[201,277,388,404,422,449],"into":[202],"until":[204],"torque":[205,212,272,290],"reached":[206],"85%":[207],"measured":[213],"test.":[219,363],"control":[221,347],"sat":[223],"quietly":[224],"relaxed":[225],"during":[226],"period.":[229],"Measurements":[230],"PKE":[237,251,362],"at":[241,295],"end":[243],"intervention.Results:":[246],"Following":[247],"intervention,":[249],"showed":[253,377],"for":[254,314,334,337,357,414],"there":[259],"significant":[262,282,307,327,350,379,407],"(p":[263,283,309,329,352,380,409],"<":[264,284,310,381],"0.05)":[265,285,311,331,354,382,411],"both":[268,385],"(mean":[273,279,291,390,395],"23%)":[274],"angle":[278,303,389],"6.3%).":[280],"decrease":[286],"11.8%)":[292],"when":[293],"re-measured":[294],"baseline":[297],"position":[298],"observed.":[305],"found":[313,333,413],"stiffness":[316,336,394,416],"over":[317,397,442],"final":[319,399,444],"10%":[320,400],"torque-angle":[324,343],"curve.":[325,344],"No":[326,406],"difference":[328,408],">":[330,353,410],"full":[339,419],"(100%)":[340,420],"Of":[345],"group,":[348],"differences":[351],"observed":[356],"all":[358],"variables":[359,464],"Analysis":[364],"cycle":[366],"one":[367],"compared":[368],"forty-five":[370],"procedure":[376],"5.2%)":[391],"28.6%)":[396],"torque-angle.":[405],"across":[417],"torque-angle.Conclusion:":[423],"findings":[425,468],"current":[428,453],"demonstrated":[430],"after":[432],"lengthened":[438],"became":[440],"stiffer":[441],"gained":[445],"range":[446],"motion.":[450],"Although":[451],"cannot":[455],"determine":[456],"interest,":[466],"these":[467],"do":[469],"provide":[470],"some":[471],"evidence":[472],"most":[474],"likely":[475],"combination":[477],"altered":[479],"local":[483],"mechanical":[484],"within":[486],"unit,":[489],"i.e.":[490],"lengthening":[492],"responsible.":[494]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}