{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1532790102","doi":null,"title":"Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration: The co-evolution of concepts, practices, and understanding","display_name":"Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration: The co-evolution of concepts, practices, and understanding","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1532790102","mag":"1532790102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2572","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.esocialsciences.org/Download/repecDownload.aspx?fname=Document11662010190.3151972.pdf&fcategory=Articles&AId=2572&fref=repec","pdf_url":"http://www.esocialsciences.org/Download/repecDownload.aspx?fname=Document11662010190.3151972.pdf&fcategory=Articles&AId=2572&fref=repec","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://doras.dcu.ie/16343/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065740911","display_name":"Walt Kilroy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2247-5288","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2247-5288"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Walt Kilroy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2247-5288","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065740911"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11863","display_name":"Gender, Security, and Conflict","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disarmament-demobilization-and-reintegration","display_name":"disarmament, demobilization and reintegration","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ex-combatants","display_name":"ex-combatants","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peacebuilding","display_name":"peacebuilding","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-conflict-recovery","display_name":"post-conflict recovery","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participatory-approach","display_name":"participatory approach","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peace-process","display_name":"peace process","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/best-practices","display_name":"best practices","score":0.36899998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27462124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934433","display_name":"Demobilization","level":3,"score":0.9805642366409302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780105426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331662","display_name":"Disarmament","level":2,"score":0.9378660917282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6422429084777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5916796922683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203663800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848979","display_name":"Citizen journalism","level":2,"score":0.5147057175636292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4995875358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.428875207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.4115542471408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33217522501945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26986929774284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.26364365220069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2518913149833679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12486022710800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.07380405068397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2572","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.esocialsciences.org/Download/repecDownload.aspx?fname=Document11662010190.3151972.pdf&fcategory=Articles&AId=2572&fref=repec","pdf_url":"http://www.esocialsciences.org/Download/repecDownload.aspx?fname=Document11662010190.3151972.pdf&fcategory=Articles&AId=2572&fref=repec","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doras.dcu.ie:16343","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doras.dcu.ie/16343/1/DDR_synthesis_paper_%28Kilroy%29_2009_States_and_Security.pdf","pdf_url":"http://doras.dcu.ie/16343/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401511","display_name":"Dublin City University Open Access Institutional Repository (Dublin City University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I42934936","host_organization_name":"Dublin City University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Monograph"},{"id":"mag:1532790102","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://conflictfieldresearch.colgate.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Kilroy.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.586.2757","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.586.2757","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.statesandsecurity.org/_pdfs/Kilroy.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:http://www.rian.ie/48351/","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doras.dcu.ie/16343/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400033","display_name":"Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","host_organization_name":"Technological University Dublin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kilroy, Walt (2009) Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration: The co-evolution of concepts, practices, and understanding. Other. The Program on States and Security.","raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doras.dcu.ie:16343","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doras.dcu.ie/16343/1/DDR_synthesis_paper_%28Kilroy%29_2009_States_and_Security.pdf","pdf_url":"http://doras.dcu.ie/16343/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401511","display_name":"Dublin City University Open Access Institutional Repository (Dublin City University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I42934936","host_organization_name":"Dublin City University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42934936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Monograph"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1532790102.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1532790102.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63658136","https://openalex.org/W235621775","https://openalex.org/W589411781","https://openalex.org/W639712307","https://openalex.org/W1495838323","https://openalex.org/W1522034957","https://openalex.org/W1556587610","https://openalex.org/W2044726132","https://openalex.org/W2052585246","https://openalex.org/W2080611061","https://openalex.org/W2090666562","https://openalex.org/W2120292803","https://openalex.org/W2148421631","https://openalex.org/W2159073768","https://openalex.org/W2262355290","https://openalex.org/W2291140284","https://openalex.org/W2482955641","https://openalex.org/W2494575488","https://openalex.org/W3122516730","https://openalex.org/W3124278838"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W29138803","https://openalex.org/W4300029468","https://openalex.org/W2502167711","https://openalex.org/W7065540983","https://openalex.org/W1565395934","https://openalex.org/W4242446591","https://openalex.org/W2768662015","https://openalex.org/W7018158225","https://openalex.org/W2148421631","https://openalex.org/W2105321698"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Programs":[0],"for":[1,59],"the":[2,18,25,57,86,91,115,124,127,158],"Disarmament,":[3],"Demobilization,":[4],"and":[5,29,85,121,146,156],"Reintegration":[6],"(DDR)":[7],"of":[8,56,90,97,114,117,123,161],"ex-combatants":[9],"have":[10,22,48,81],"become":[11],"more":[12,61],"common":[13],"as":[14],"an":[15,34,143],"element":[16],"in":[17,44,69,75],"peacebuilder\u2019s":[19],"toolkit.":[20],"They":[21],"evolved":[23],"over":[24],"last":[26],"15":[27],"years,":[28],"can":[30],"interact":[31],"positively":[32],"with":[33,108,157],"ongoing":[35],"peace":[36],"process.":[37],"The":[38,134],"literature":[39],"assessing":[40],"DDR":[41,98,138],"is":[42,99,139,149,164],"reviewed":[43],"this":[45,132],"paper.":[46],"Results":[47],"not":[49],"always":[50],"been":[51],"positive,":[52],"however.":[53],"Despite":[54],"recognition":[55],"need":[58],"a":[60,72,76,103,118],"holistic,":[62],"integrated":[63],"approach,":[64,120],"there":[65],"are":[66,93],"real":[67],"challenges":[68],"implementing":[70],"such":[71],"complex":[73],"program":[74],"post-conflict":[77],"environment.":[78],"Qualitative":[79],"studies":[80],"highlighted":[82],"these":[83],"difficulties,":[84],"few":[87],"quantitative":[88],"assessments":[89],"outcomes":[92],"mixed.":[94],"However,":[95],"understanding":[96],"being":[100],"advanced":[101],"by":[102,126],"rich":[104],"policy":[105],"literature,":[106],"together":[107],"specific":[109],"\u201cbest":[110],"practice\u201d":[111],"studies.":[112],"Recognition":[113],"importance":[116],"participatory":[119],"ownership":[122],"process":[125],"beneficiaries,":[128],"has":[129],"added":[130],"to":[131,141,166],"understanding.":[133],"paper":[135],"concludes":[136],"that":[137,147],"set":[140],"remain":[142],"important":[144],"tool,":[145],"it":[148,163],"most":[150],"effective":[151],"when":[152],"used":[153],"flexibly,":[154],"appropriately,":[155],"genuine":[159],"participation":[160],"those":[162],"supposed":[165],"benefit.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}