{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1528672525","doi":null,"title":"Relationship between pedagogic and course factors and student outcomes in community college online courses","display_name":"Relationship between pedagogic and course factors and student outcomes in community college online courses","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1528672525","mag":"1528672525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/9292","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086905060","display_name":"Marlowe Geoffrey Mager","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103406327","display_name":"Western Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/010h78f45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103406327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marlowe Geoffrey Mager","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Carolina Univ.#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Carolina Univ.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103406327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086905060"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103406327"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-courses","display_name":"online courses","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-colleges","display_name":"community colleges","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instructor-behavior","display_name":"instructor behavior","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-outcomes","display_name":"student outcomes","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-student-interaction","display_name":"student-student interaction","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immediacy","display_name":"immediacy","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-retention","display_name":"student retention","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/course-grades","display_name":"course grades","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-teacher-interaction","display_name":"student-teacher interaction","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-higher-education","display_name":"rural higher education","score":0.5130000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780340563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2811064","display_name":"Immediacy","level":2,"score":0.9485875368118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.7899843454360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7639327049255371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986081426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Online course","level":2,"score":0.5286405682563782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.5153302550315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.45047956705093384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4438640773296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778165684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6576792","display_name":"Online community","level":2,"score":0.4353022575378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27574286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Variables","level":2,"score":0.42408448457717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3932619094848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12182512879371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07599350810050964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/9292","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:1528672525","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306478302","display_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/9292","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/wcu/f/Mager2012.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1528672525.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1528672525.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31728761","https://openalex.org/W132041974","https://openalex.org/W135780394","https://openalex.org/W178206498","https://openalex.org/W250080192","https://openalex.org/W314593561","https://openalex.org/W561453851","https://openalex.org/W604811605","https://openalex.org/W652570142","https://openalex.org/W1488599059","https://openalex.org/W1496778433","https://openalex.org/W1499884258","https://openalex.org/W1511439703","https://openalex.org/W1514241575","https://openalex.org/W1533649901","https://openalex.org/W1535315510","https://openalex.org/W1539265701","https://openalex.org/W1589580244","https://openalex.org/W1594755339","https://openalex.org/W1597911883","https://openalex.org/W1618898386","https://openalex.org/W1644711135","https://openalex.org/W1680842844","https://openalex.org/W1854316756","https://openalex.org/W1866907213","https://openalex.org/W1965750128","https://openalex.org/W1974590415","https://openalex.org/W1978744766","https://openalex.org/W1983309914","https://openalex.org/W1984043521","https://openalex.org/W1986837085","https://openalex.org/W1994298483","https://openalex.org/W2014858765","https://openalex.org/W2036533354","https://openalex.org/W2042536673","https://openalex.org/W2050112242","https://openalex.org/W2059429103","https://openalex.org/W2059689897","https://openalex.org/W2069700651","https://openalex.org/W2070706581","https://openalex.org/W2072183533","https://openalex.org/W2073249771","https://openalex.org/W2075443743","https://openalex.org/W2078236948","https://openalex.org/W2093074053","https://openalex.org/W2098812693","https://openalex.org/W2102913730","https://openalex.org/W2105229197","https://openalex.org/W2107956835","https://openalex.org/W2112146495","https://openalex.org/W2112955368","https://openalex.org/W2116794232","https://openalex.org/W2121425850","https://openalex.org/W2121965650","https://openalex.org/W2127941671","https://openalex.org/W2143714847","https://openalex.org/W2144935078","https://openalex.org/W2151462374","https://openalex.org/W2155937504","https://openalex.org/W2160861367","https://openalex.org/W2161053601","https://openalex.org/W2165775312","https://openalex.org/W2170210994","https://openalex.org/W2175712524","https://openalex.org/W2175799050","https://openalex.org/W2187276415","https://openalex.org/W2324392187","https://openalex.org/W2337177142","https://openalex.org/W2777665496","https://openalex.org/W3041037505","https://openalex.org/W4299294448","https://openalex.org/W7110081178"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386142753","https://openalex.org/W7066543782","https://openalex.org/W2147322232","https://openalex.org/W2106165907","https://openalex.org/W1560845568","https://openalex.org/W2098930093","https://openalex.org/W1201499827","https://openalex.org/W3006432334","https://openalex.org/W2253653422","https://openalex.org/W135509720"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,31,57,101,119,128,191],"this":[3],"study":[4,20],"was":[5,94,115,148,160,169,186,203],"to":[6,12,96,108,220],"identify":[7],"instructor":[8,199],"behaviors":[9],"that":[10],"lead":[11],"positive":[13],"student":[14,32,39,154,165,177],"outcomes":[15,139],"in":[16,41,117,194,218],"online":[17,42,45,88,228],"courses.":[18,43],"investigated":[21],"the":[22,55,58,66,82,87,98,109,113,195,221],"relationship":[23,219],"between":[24],"12":[25],"predictive":[26,59,99,103],"variables":[27,78,135],"and":[28,38,68,86,123,157,181,197,209,227],"three":[29,110,130],"measures":[30],"success":[33],"(assignment":[34],"grade,":[35,37],"course":[36,67,71,196],"retention)":[40],"Archived":[44],"courses":[46],"at":[47],"a":[48],"rural":[49],"community":[50],"college":[51],"were":[52,79,125,136,141],"analyzed":[53],"for":[54,213,224],"presence":[56],"variables,":[60,132],"with":[61,151,163,172,189,206],"each":[62,70,75,102],"variable":[63,104],"counted":[64],"within":[65,69],"activity":[72],"completed":[73],"by":[74],"student.":[76],"Outcome":[77],"determined":[80],"through":[81],"college's":[83],"data":[84],"warehouse":[85],"courses'":[89],"gradebooks.":[90],"Hierarchical":[91],"linear":[92],"modeling":[93],"used":[95],"analyze":[97],"value":[100],"as":[105],"it":[106],"relates":[107],"outcome":[111,131],"measures;":[112],"fourth":[114],"described":[116],"terms":[118],"correlations.":[120],"Student-student":[121],"interaction":[122,208],"immediacy":[124],"significant":[126,144],"predictors":[127],"all":[129],"while":[133],"other":[134],"inconsistent":[137],"across":[138],"or":[140],"not":[142],"statistically":[143],"predictors.":[145],"Course":[146],"grade":[147,168],"positively":[149,170,204],"correlated":[150,162,171,188,205],"student-student":[152,173,207],"interaction,":[153,174,176],"formative":[155,178,192],"behaviors,":[156],"immediacy.":[158,210],"It":[159,185],"negatively":[161,187],"building":[164],"capacity.":[166],"Assignment":[167],"student-teacher":[175],"behavior,":[179],"immediacy,":[180],"varied":[182],"teaching":[183],"activities.":[184],"number":[190],"activities":[193],"preprogrammed":[198],"communication.":[200],"Student":[201],"retention":[202],"Possible":[211],"explanations":[212],"these":[214],"findings":[215],"are":[216,231],"discussed":[217],"literature.":[222],"Recommendations":[223],"future":[225],"research":[226],"instructional":[229],"practice":[230],"suggested.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}