{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1526700677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","title":"The Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Expression of Stereotyped, Self-Injurious Behaviors in Developmental Disorders","display_name":"The Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Expression of Stereotyped, Self-Injurious Behaviors in Developmental Disorders","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1526700677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","mag":"1526700677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185880229","display_name":"International review of research in mental retardation","issn_l":"0074-7750","issn":["0074-7750","2213-7483"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Research in Mental Retardation","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":null,"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058974801","display_name":"Howard C. Cromwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7082","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7082"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157417397","display_name":"Bowling Green State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay7va13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard C. Cromwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology Bowling Green State University Bowling Green, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology Bowling Green State University Bowling Green, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084419495","display_name":"Bryan H. King","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1203-784X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1203-784X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan H. King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth Medical School Lebanon, New HampshireUSA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth Medical School Lebanon, New HampshireUSA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92984542,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"119","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11123","display_name":"Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders","score":0.3109999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.03929999843239784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-ganglia","display_name":"basal ganglia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-harm","display_name":"self-harm","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotyped-behavior","display_name":"stereotypy","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-disorders","display_name":"developmental disorders","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-impairment","display_name":"motor impairment","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebellum","display_name":"cerebellum","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brainstem","display_name":"brainstem","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-cortex","display_name":"motor cortex","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-disability","display_name":"intellectual disability","score":0.7889999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778187257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464210","display_name":"Basal ganglia","level":3,"score":0.7988913059234619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7624973058700562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5149115324020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.5069458484649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4917896091938019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55639806","display_name":"Basal (medicine)","level":3,"score":0.47162723541259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14127689599990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12070605158805847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.054157137870788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0074-7750(04)29004-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185880229","display_name":"International review of research in mental retardation","issn_l":"0074-7750","issn":["0074-7750","2213-7483"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319955","host_organization_name":"Academic Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319955","https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Press","Elsevier BV"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Research in Mental Retardation","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":276,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22725856","https://openalex.org/W27095164","https://openalex.org/W48373391","https://openalex.org/W89410707","https://openalex.org/W144522987","https://openalex.org/W147622413","https://openalex.org/W158201628","https://openalex.org/W167043989","https://openalex.org/W180513491","https://openalex.org/W323435974","https://openalex.org/W342737456","https://openalex.org/W633463264","https://openalex.org/W1513126258","https://openalex.org/W1513792017","https://openalex.org/W1526327880","https://openalex.org/W1541346279","https://openalex.org/W1548466807","https://openalex.org/W1556999855","https://openalex.org/W1567216262","https://openalex.org/W1577082455","https://openalex.org/W1582365223","https://openalex.org/W1596651876","https://openalex.org/W1604588876","https://openalex.org/W1614017769","https://openalex.org/W1624116415","https://openalex.org/W1628362535","https://openalex.org/W1646125023","https://openalex.org/W1657388660","https://openalex.org/W1677042430","https://openalex.org/W1740620069","https://openalex.org/W1806855318","https://openalex.org/W1849626795","https://openalex.org/W1894478079","https://openalex.org/W1906118694","https://openalex.org/W1943789780","https://openalex.org/W1951949660","https://openalex.org/W1965176945","https://openalex.org/W1965234920","https://openalex.org/W1967381924","https://openalex.org/W1967443835","https://openalex.org/W1969844039","https://openalex.org/W1970159527","https://openalex.org/W1970198511","https://openalex.org/W1971122142","https://openalex.org/W1971609829","https://openalex.org/W1972728329","https://openalex.org/W1973521111","https://openalex.org/W1974019568","https://openalex.org/W1974716646","https://openalex.org/W1974766885","https://openalex.org/W1975617032","https://openalex.org/W1976229306","https://openalex.org/W1976266777","https://openalex.org/W1977486728","https://openalex.org/W1977538694","https://openalex.org/W1978104670","https://openalex.org/W1978906168","https://openalex.org/W1979532884","https://openalex.org/W1980150235","https://openalex.org/W1981065427","https://openalex.org/W1981203500","https://openalex.org/W1981737615","https://openalex.org/W1982004851","https://openalex.org/W1982349791","https://openalex.org/W1983138701","https://openalex.org/W1983587681","https://openalex.org/W1984047912","https://openalex.org/W1984350563","https://openalex.org/W1984377290","https://openalex.org/W1984774609","https://openalex.org/W1985760732","https://openalex.org/W1985834171","https://openalex.org/W1986974753","https://openalex.org/W1987159715","https://openalex.org/W1987221326","https://openalex.org/W1987554800","https://openalex.org/W1989193138","https://openalex.org/W1990140534","https://openalex.org/W1990421638","https://openalex.org/W1990618290","https://openalex.org/W1990854708","https://openalex.org/W1991507034","https://openalex.org/W1991603311","https://openalex.org/W1992162287","https://openalex.org/W1992292159","https://openalex.org/W1993126311","https://openalex.org/W1993859919","https://openalex.org/W1995499854","https://openalex.org/W1995551635","https://openalex.org/W1997105350","https://openalex.org/W2001149858","https://openalex.org/W2001835462","https://openalex.org/W2001871185","https://openalex.org/W2003289804","https://openalex.org/W2003627542","https://openalex.org/W2005821191","https://openalex.org/W2007479794","https://openalex.org/W2007892714","https://openalex.org/W2008021275","https://openalex.org/W2008165230","https://openalex.org/W2009512214","https://openalex.org/W2009778458","https://openalex.org/W2010382717","https://openalex.org/W2012310743","https://openalex.org/W2012540012","https://openalex.org/W2012872347","https://openalex.org/W2013063709","https://openalex.org/W2013848976","https://openalex.org/W2014727433","https://openalex.org/W2015668244","https://openalex.org/W2015688479","https://openalex.org/W2016217177","https://openalex.org/W2016500289","https://openalex.org/W2018177931","https://openalex.org/W2020522673","https://openalex.org/W2020555991","https://openalex.org/W2022242593","https://openalex.org/W2023124169","https://openalex.org/W2023496393","https://openalex.org/W2023812408","https://openalex.org/W2024618140","https://openalex.org/W2024794815","https://openalex.org/W2024943800","https://openalex.org/W2026864118","https://openalex.org/W2028020389","https://openalex.org/W2028569962","https://openalex.org/W2030257642","https://openalex.org/W2031170958","https://openalex.org/W2031258323","https://openalex.org/W2031618911","https://openalex.org/W2032037140","https://openalex.org/W2032193212","https://openalex.org/W2033330307","https://openalex.org/W2034729932","https://openalex.org/W2036631993","https://openalex.org/W2036739310","https://openalex.org/W2037254274","https://openalex.org/W2040092455","https://openalex.org/W2040351701","https://openalex.org/W2043828182","https://openalex.org/W2043901055","https://openalex.org/W2044310015","https://openalex.org/W2044403386","https://openalex.org/W2044768013","https://openalex.org/W2046102525","https://openalex.org/W2046122605","https://openalex.org/W2048279106","https://openalex.org/W2048477499","https://openalex.org/W2052778808","https://openalex.org/W2053699885","https://openalex.org/W2055703448","https://openalex.org/W2057374599","https://openalex.org/W2057483941","https://openalex.org/W2057856982","https://openalex.org/W2058395663","https://openalex.org/W2060361172","https://openalex.org/W2060588252","https://openalex.org/W2060674520","https://openalex.org/W2060759243","https://openalex.org/W2061267448","https://openalex.org/W2062169139","https://openalex.org/W2062245975","https://openalex.org/W2062793842","https://openalex.org/W2062798715","https://openalex.org/W2063154691","https://openalex.org/W2065509982","https://openalex.org/W2066327854","https://openalex.org/W2067160153","https://openalex.org/W2067532033","https://openalex.org/W2068084351","https://openalex.org/W2069209764","https://openalex.org/W2069597946","https://openalex.org/W2071563998","https://openalex.org/W2071953870","https://openalex.org/W2072009900","https://openalex.org/W2073840109","https://openalex.org/W2074040480","https://openalex.org/W2074694276","https://openalex.org/W2075219572","https://openalex.org/W2075402838","https://openalex.org/W2075448099","https://openalex.org/W2076635082","https://openalex.org/W2080357105","https://openalex.org/W2080560298","https://openalex.org/W2080916814","https://openalex.org/W2082607972","https://openalex.org/W2082741783","https://openalex.org/W2084007108","https://openalex.org/W2084186662","https://openalex.org/W2084561713","https://openalex.org/W2085811442","https://openalex.org/W2086483799","https://openalex.org/W2086884518","https://openalex.org/W2087490372","https://openalex.org/W2088727446","https://openalex.org/W2088879677","https://openalex.org/W2089961351","https://openalex.org/W2091715064","https://openalex.org/W2091978449","https://openalex.org/W2093203706","https://openalex.org/W2094075491","https://openalex.org/W2094466228","https://openalex.org/W2094524786","https://openalex.org/W2094972195","https://openalex.org/W2095800365","https://openalex.org/W2097508144","https://openalex.org/W2097919380","https://openalex.org/W2102864766","https://openalex.org/W2108861002","https://openalex.org/W2111012319","https://openalex.org/W2112202162","https://openalex.org/W2112760226","https://openalex.org/W2114867724","https://openalex.org/W2118173980","https://openalex.org/W2119715911","https://openalex.org/W2119740965","https://openalex.org/W2122153276","https://openalex.org/W2124471408","https://openalex.org/W2124593259","https://openalex.org/W2125995814","https://openalex.org/W2127120806","https://openalex.org/W2128269054","https://openalex.org/W2133221265","https://openalex.org/W2134404904","https://openalex.org/W2135877411","https://openalex.org/W2136548350","https://openalex.org/W2137027981","https://openalex.org/W2137122381","https://openalex.org/W2140228590","https://openalex.org/W2140940434","https://openalex.org/W2141716990","https://openalex.org/W2145416895","https://openalex.org/W2145714821","https://openalex.org/W2146460333","https://openalex.org/W2149744070","https://openalex.org/W2149885167","https://openalex.org/W2150010638","https://openalex.org/W2151651281","https://openalex.org/W2157133007","https://openalex.org/W2157747136","https://openalex.org/W2157867342","https://openalex.org/W2161819674","https://openalex.org/W2163752940","https://openalex.org/W2168875663","https://openalex.org/W2169917923","https://openalex.org/W2171637084","https://openalex.org/W2171677841","https://openalex.org/W2171706375","https://openalex.org/W2242417158","https://openalex.org/W2246669449","https://openalex.org/W2287103123","https://openalex.org/W2299460723","https://openalex.org/W2338632901","https://openalex.org/W2394786384","https://openalex.org/W2398779696","https://openalex.org/W2399901545","https://openalex.org/W2406076323","https://openalex.org/W2406787682","https://openalex.org/W2409865864","https://openalex.org/W2413440630","https://openalex.org/W2414959806","https://openalex.org/W2417074210","https://openalex.org/W2417080830","https://openalex.org/W2417415679","https://openalex.org/W2423569801","https://openalex.org/W2425013885","https://openalex.org/W2442440475","https://openalex.org/W4236449552","https://openalex.org/W4238505877","https://openalex.org/W4240609217","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4297067014","https://openalex.org/W6679996032","https://openalex.org/W6690391788","https://openalex.org/W6691077769","https://openalex.org/W6697703931"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117090493","https://openalex.org/W2077256384","https://openalex.org/W1605805624","https://openalex.org/W4396807855","https://openalex.org/W2259652724","https://openalex.org/W3043637404","https://openalex.org/W7097608523","https://openalex.org/W13858002","https://openalex.org/W3030560780","https://openalex.org/W1522286249"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
