{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1526320554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","title":"Monitoring carnivore populations at the landscape scale: occupancy modelling of tigers from sign surveys","display_name":"Monitoring carnivore populations at the landscape scale: occupancy modelling of tigers from sign surveys","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1526320554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","mag":"1526320554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82098733","display_name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","issn_l":"0021-8901","issn":["0021-8901","1365-2664"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014363977","display_name":"Kota Ullas Karanth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-9778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-9778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1332460256","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01xnsst08","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332460256"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128182","display_name":"Centre For Wildlife Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/039c5k490","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128182"]}],"countries":["IN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kota Ullas Karanth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wildlife Studies, 26-2, Aga Abbas Ali Road (Apt: 403), Bengaluru 560 042, India","Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 Global Conservation Program, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wildlife Studies, 26-2, Aga Abbas Ali Road (Apt: 403), Bengaluru 560 042, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 Global Conservation Program, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332460256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038398406","display_name":"Arjun M. Gopalaswamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3841-3663","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3841-3663"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128182","display_name":"Centre For Wildlife Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/039c5k490","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128182"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154569","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation Society India","ror":"https://ror.org/054qw7j13","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332460256","https://openalex.org/I4210154569"]}],"countries":["GB","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjun M. Gopalaswamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wildlife Studies, 26-2, Aga Abbas Ali Road (Apt: 403), Bengaluru 560 042, India","Wildlife Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU), The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, Tubney House, University of Oxford, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, UK","Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 India Program, 1669, 31st Cross, 16th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru 560 070, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wildlife Studies, 26-2, Aga Abbas Ali Road (Apt: 403), Bengaluru 560 042, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU), The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, Tubney House, University of Oxford, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 India Program, 1669, 31st Cross, 16th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru 560 070, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046935709","display_name":"Narayanarao Samba Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-8552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-8552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128182","display_name":"Centre For Wildlife Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/039c5k490","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128182"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154569","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation Society India","ror":"https://ror.org/054qw7j13","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332460256","https://openalex.org/I4210154569"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narayanarao Samba Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wildlife Studies, 26-2, Aga Abbas Ali Road (Apt: 403), Bengaluru 560 042, India","Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 India Program, 1669, 31st Cross, 16th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru 560 070, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wildlife Studies, 26-2, Aga Abbas Ali Road (Apt: 403), Bengaluru 560 042, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 India Program, 1669, 31st Cross, 16th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru 560 070, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025672655","display_name":"Srinivas Vaidyanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3642-0309","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3642-0309"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154569","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation Society India","ror":"https://ror.org/054qw7j13","country_code":"IN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1332460256","https://openalex.org/I4210154569"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinivas Vaidyanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Ecological Research, Advocacy and Learning, No 27, 2nd Cross Appavounagar, Vazhakulam, Pondicherry 605 012, India","Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 India Program, 1669, 31st Cross, 16th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru 560 070, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Ecological Research, Advocacy and Learning, No 27, 2nd Cross Appavounagar, Vazhakulam, Pondicherry 605 012, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wildlife Conservation Society \u2013 India Program, 1669, 31st Cross, 16th Main, Banashankari 2nd Stage, Bengaluru 560 070, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061761891","display_name":"James David Nichols","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James D. Nichols","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20708, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20708, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072235772","display_name":"Darryl I. MacKenzie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-6585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5376-6585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099739","display_name":"Proteus (New Zealand)","ror":"https://ror.org/016728c22","country_code":"NZ","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099739"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darryl I. MacKenzie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Proteus Wildlife Research Consultants, PO Box 5193, Dunedin, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Proteus Wildlife Research Consultants, PO Box 5193, Dunedin, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014363977"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1332460256","https://openalex.org/I4210128182"],"apc_list":{"value":3610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3610},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.2734,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":292,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99273301,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"4","first_page":"1048","last_page":"1056"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11913","display_name":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tiger","display_name":"tiger","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupancy-models","display_name":"occupancy models","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-surveys","display_name":"sign surveys","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-occupancy","display_name":"habitat occupancy","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metapopulation","display_name":"metapopulation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperfect-detection","display_name":"imperfect detection","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-disturbance","display_name":"human disturbance","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-populations","display_name":"source populations","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tiger-conservation","display_name":"tiger conservation","score":0.7329999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160331591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075743","display_name":"Occupancy","level":2,"score":0.9629932641983032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189569837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954495","display_name":"Metapopulation","level":4,"score":0.7253046631813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91451191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1935697","display_name":"Tiger","level":2,"score":0.6735392212867737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778611284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127960","display_name":"Panthera","level":3,"score":0.6595120429992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24518262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16197023","display_name":"Threatened species","level":3,"score":0.6041624546051025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163528473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81875","display_name":"Carnivore","level":3,"score":0.5180068612098694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.510218620300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.5047193765640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4744371473789215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.3846491575241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.33332347869873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.32618382573127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32103872299194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47559259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778143","display_name":"Biological dispersal","level":3,"score":0.3057173788547516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188382862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170430","display_name":"Predation","level":2,"score":0.1738136112689972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16683703660964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11946278810501099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.08687707781791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82098733","display_name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","issn_l":"0021-8901","issn":["0021-8901","1365-2664"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02002.x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82098733","display_name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","issn_l":"0021-8901","issn":["0021-8901","1365-2664"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9599999785423279,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306113","display_name":"U.S. Department of State","ror":"https://ror.org/03vvynj75"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308866","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01xnsst08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332182","display_name":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/04k7dar27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1526320554.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1526320554.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W390532923","https://openalex.org/W402389834","https://openalex.org/W1500794765","https://openalex.org/W1509581155","https://openalex.org/W1513215516","https://openalex.org/W1544332866","https://openalex.org/W1575393310","https://openalex.org/W1967522441","https://openalex.org/W1967574201","https://openalex.org/W1983456037","https://openalex.org/W1998210446","https://openalex.org/W2007692820","https://openalex.org/W2009435671","https://openalex.org/W2023433649","https://openalex.org/W2042067507","https://openalex.org/W2042464037","https://openalex.org/W2060747757","https://openalex.org/W2067722023","https://openalex.org/W2075316439","https://openalex.org/W2077732840","https://openalex.org/W2078902085","https://openalex.org/W2096152168","https://openalex.org/W2098121012","https://openalex.org/W2100323608","https://openalex.org/W2102787916","https://openalex.org/W2104039379","https://openalex.org/W2113270774","https://openalex.org/W2114630657","https://openalex.org/W2114845814","https://openalex.org/W2116665868","https://openalex.org/W2124181495","https://openalex.org/W2125434320","https://openalex.org/W2126788973","https://openalex.org/W2140016451","https://openalex.org/W2140037112","https://openalex.org/W2149234828","https://openalex.org/W2150203755","https://openalex.org/W2156732810","https://openalex.org/W2160937247","https://openalex.org/W2162125068","https://openalex.org/W2164970437","https://openalex.org/W2166921027","https://openalex.org/W2169609900","https://openalex.org/W2180905155","https://openalex.org/W2295082021","https://openalex.org/W2322398337","https://openalex.org/W2333357124","https://openalex.org/W2523059949","https://openalex.org/W2767740560"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2200842712","https://openalex.org/W2177475768","https://openalex.org/W2509499071","https://openalex.org/W4229606961","https://openalex.org/W2064061237","https://openalex.org/W7095086106","https://openalex.org/W2823853749","https://openalex.org/W2917279218","https://openalex.org/W1909079254","https://openalex.org/W2150203755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1.":[0],"Assessing":[1],"spatial":[2,125,253,275],"distributions":[3,254],"of":[4,15,23,43,46,55,105,109,139,150,155,161,184,193,196,211,213,306,321,329,343],"threatened":[5],"large":[6,251,344],"carnivores":[7],"at":[8,222,238],"landscape":[9,77,239,351],"scales":[10],"poses":[11],"formidable":[12],"challenges":[13],"because":[14],"their":[16,232,260],"rarity":[17],"and":[18,59,153,178,225,243,255,265,282,288,300,310,350],"elusiveness.":[19],"As":[20],"a":[21,67,73,81,169,179,202,337],"consequence":[22],"logistical":[24],"constraints,":[25],"investigators":[26],"typically":[27],"rely":[28],"on":[29,124],"sign":[30,98,122,246],"surveys.":[31],"Most":[32],"survey":[33,84],"methods,":[34],"however,":[35],"do":[36],"not":[37],"explicitly":[38,86,270],"address":[39,87],"the":[40,50,130,144,257,340],"central":[41],"problem":[42],"imperfect":[44,88],"detections":[45,123],"animal":[47],"signs":[48,177],"in":[49,78,168,315],"field,":[51],"leading":[52],"to":[53,85,280],"underestimates":[54],"true":[56],"habitat":[57,64,181,195],"occupancy":[58,65,103,115,132,182,207,216],"distribution.":[60],"2.":[61],"We":[62],"assessed":[63],"for":[66,176,235,339],"tiger":[68,93,163,180,219,228,285,308,330],"Panthera":[69],"tigris":[70],"metapopulation":[71],"across":[72],"c.":[74],"38":[75],"000-km2":[76],"India,":[79],"employing":[80],"spatially":[82],"replicated":[83],"detections.":[89],"Ecological":[90],"predictions":[91],"about":[92],"presence":[94],"were":[95,158],"confronted":[96],"with":[97],"detection":[99,171],"data":[100,145,347],"generated":[101],"from":[102],"sampling":[104,273],"205":[106],"sites,":[107],"each":[108],"188":[110],"km2.":[111,199],"3.":[112],"A":[113,137],"recent":[114],"model":[116,133,141],"that":[117,142,148,297],"considers":[118],"Markovian":[119],"dependency":[120],"among":[121],"replicates":[126,276],"performed":[127],"better":[128],"than":[129],"standard":[131],"(\u0394AIC":[134],"=":[135,173,185],"184\u00b79).":[136],"formulation":[138],"this":[140],"fitted":[143],"best":[146],"showed":[147],"density":[149,229],"ungulate":[151],"prey":[152,298],"levels":[154],"human":[156,301],"disturbance":[157,302],"key":[159,304],"determinants":[160],"local":[162,214,261,307,349],"presence.":[164],"Model":[165],"averaging":[166],"resulted":[167],"replicate-level":[170],"probability":[172],"0\u00b717":[174],"(0\u00b717)":[175],"estimate":[183],"0\u00b7665":[186],"(0\u00b70857)":[187],"or":[188],"14":[189],"076":[190],"(1814)":[191],"km2":[192],"potential":[194,233],"21":[197],"167":[198],"In":[200],"contrast,":[201],"traditional":[203],"presence-versus-absence":[204],"approach":[205,325],"underestimated":[206],"by":[208],"47%.":[209],"Maps":[210],"probabilities":[212],"site":[215],"clearly":[217],"identified":[218],"source":[220,322],"populations":[221],"higher":[223],"densities":[224],"matched":[226],"observed":[227],"variations,":[230],"suggesting":[231],"utility":[234],"population":[236,286],"assessments":[237],"scales.":[240,352],"4.":[241],"Synthesis":[242],"applications.":[244],"Landscape-scale":[245],"surveys":[247],"can":[248,277,312],"efficiently":[249,283],"assess":[250],"carnivore":[252,345],"elucidate":[256],"factors":[258],"governing":[259],"presence,":[262],"provided":[263],"ecological":[264],"observation":[266],"processes":[267],"are":[268,303],"both":[269],"modelled.":[271],"Occupancy":[272],"using":[274],"be":[278],"used":[279],"reliably":[281],"identify":[284],"sources":[287],"help":[289],"monitor":[290],"metapopulations.":[291],"Our":[292,324],"results":[293],"reinforce":[294],"earlier":[295],"findings":[296],"depletion":[299],"drivers":[305],"extinctions":[309],"tigers":[311],"persist":[313],"even":[314],"human-dominated":[316],"landscapes":[317],"through":[318],"effective":[319],"protection":[320],"populations.":[323],"facilitates":[326],"efficient":[327],"targeting":[328],"conservation":[331],"interventions":[332],"and,":[333],"more":[334],"generally,":[335],"provides":[336],"basis":[338],"reliable":[341],"integration":[342],"monitoring":[346],"between":[348]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}