{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1524829680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","title":"Estimating the current and future costs of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in the UK, including direct health costs and indirect societal and productivity costs","display_name":"Estimating the current and future costs of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in the UK, including direct health costs and indirect societal and productivity costs","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1524829680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","mag":"1524829680","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22537247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72944096","display_name":"Diabetic Medicine","issn_l":"0742-3071","issn":["0742-3071","1096-9136","1464-5491"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077673181","display_name":"Nick Hex","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6181-9429","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6181-9429"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Hex","raw_affiliation_strings":["York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK. nick.hex@york.ac.uk","York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK. nick.hex@york.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108483910","display_name":"Chris Bartlett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0767-5042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0767-5042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Bartlett","raw_affiliation_strings":["York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079868402","display_name":"Donna Wright","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":["York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045462330","display_name":"Matthew John Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4716-4662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4716-4662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004521061","display_name":"Danielle Varley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-8716","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-8716"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Varley","raw_affiliation_strings":["York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077673181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"],"apc_list":{"value":4870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4870},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":117.9296,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":848,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99971998,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"7","first_page":"855","last_page":"862"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.01979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.011800000444054604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-burden-of-disease","display_name":"economic burden of disease","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-costs","display_name":"indirect costs","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity-costs","display_name":"productivity costs","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presenteeism","display_name":"presenteeism","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-care","display_name":"informal care","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-complications","display_name":"diabetes complications","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-projections","display_name":"cost projections","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-prevalence","display_name":"diabetes prevalence","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-kingdom","display_name":"United Kingdom","score":0.6200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7914581298828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6964187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659256","display_name":"Indirect costs","level":2,"score":0.7593228816986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.7256197929382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.6564438343048096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145096142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333450","display_name":"Economic cost","level":2,"score":0.5258249044418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5209668874740601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779382274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756074","display_name":"Presenteeism","level":3,"score":0.5016939640045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.48615309596061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.46207454800605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.13399890065193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11568647623062134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09968137741088867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.09062251448631287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.07581278681755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133425853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571","display_name":"Neoclassical economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004526","descriptor_name":"Efficiency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005102","descriptor_name":"Health Expenditures","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005102","descriptor_name":"Health Expenditures","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006295","descriptor_name":"Health Resources","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006295","descriptor_name":"Health Resources","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009313","descriptor_name":"National Health Programs","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009313","descriptor_name":"National Health Programs","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011322","descriptor_name":"Primary Prevention","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017281","descriptor_name":"Cost of Illness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03698.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72944096","display_name":"Diabetic Medicine","issn_l":"0742-3071","issn":["0742-3071","1096-9136","1464-5491"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22537247","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22537247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2186932638","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jdrf.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Hex-and-Bartlett.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499227777","https://openalex.org/W1606759548","https://openalex.org/W1979402524","https://openalex.org/W1984606882","https://openalex.org/W2010360157","https://openalex.org/W2078416474","https://openalex.org/W2079369123","https://openalex.org/W2083673263","https://openalex.org/W2097373134","https://openalex.org/W2107648636","https://openalex.org/W2112787506","https://openalex.org/W2120322649","https://openalex.org/W2120439286","https://openalex.org/W2121297555","https://openalex.org/W2124543147","https://openalex.org/W2146172573","https://openalex.org/W2151797569","https://openalex.org/W2154086414","https://openalex.org/W2160466492","https://openalex.org/W2164840316","https://openalex.org/W2170205796","https://openalex.org/W2172609994","https://openalex.org/W2181958131","https://openalex.org/W2215439193","https://openalex.org/W2230199620","https://openalex.org/W2243897507","https://openalex.org/W3122152400","https://openalex.org/W4246288537","https://openalex.org/W4301379397"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186932638","https://openalex.org/W4399826641","https://openalex.org/W2027835818","https://openalex.org/W4200072717","https://openalex.org/W4400769210","https://openalex.org/W2148510938","https://openalex.org/W68582771","https://openalex.org/W2019499897","https://openalex.org/W1964094726","https://openalex.org/W2398548716"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIMS:":[0],"To":[1],"estimate":[2,26],"the":[3,17,94,129,170,201,227,238,252,260,267],"current":[4,275],"and":[5,12,34,37,60,62,84,108,115,123,148,155,163,181,186,190,206,219,229,243],"future":[6],"economic":[7,233],"burdens":[8],"of":[9,76,176,200,240,259,269],"Type":[10,13,105,112,145,152,217,220,241,244],"1":[11,106,146,218,242],"2":[14,113,153,221,245],"diabetes":[15,107,147,222,246],"in":[16,82,93,96,100,118,139,158,184,192,214,226],"UK.":[18],"METHODS:":[19],"A":[20],"top-down":[21],"approach":[22],"was":[23],"used":[24,41],"to":[25,42,169,209,251],"costs":[27,44,49,65,102,120,141,160,172,239],"for":[28,45,104,111,144,151,197,211,255],"2010/2011":[29,185],"from":[30,52,68],"aggregated":[31],"data":[32,39,53,69],"sets":[33],"literature.":[35],"Prevalence":[36],"population":[38],"were":[40,50,66],"project":[43],"2035/2036.":[46,193,215],"Direct":[47],"health":[48,203,262],"estimated":[51,67,133],"on":[54,70],"diagnosis,":[55],"lifestyle":[56],"interventions,":[57],"ongoing":[58],"treatment":[59],"management,":[61],"complications.":[63],"Indirect":[64],"mortality,":[71],"sickness,":[72],"presenteeism":[73],"(potential":[74],"loss":[75],"productivity":[77],"among":[78],"people":[79],"who":[80],"remain":[81],"work)":[83],"informal":[85],"care.":[86],"RESULTS:":[87],"Diabetes":[88,194],"cost":[89,131,268],"approximately":[90,198],"\u00a3":[91,98,109,116,124,135,137,149,156,164,179,182,188],"23.7bn":[92],"UK":[95,228],"2010/2011:":[97],"9.8bn":[99],"direct":[101,140,171,261],"(\u00a31bn":[103],"8.8bn":[110],"diabetes)":[114,154],"13.9bn":[117],"indirect":[119,159],"(\u00a3":[121,142,161],"0.9bn":[122],"13bn).":[125],"In":[126],"real":[127],"terms,":[128],"2035/2036":[130],"is":[132,207],"at":[134],"39.8bn:":[136],"16.9bn":[138],"1.8bn":[143],"15.1bn":[150],"22.9bn":[157],"2.4bn":[162],"20.5bn).":[165],"Sensitivity":[166],"analysis":[167],"applied":[168],"produced":[173],"a":[174,231,256],"range":[175],"costs:":[177],"between":[178,187,237],"7.9bn":[180],"11.7bn":[183],"13.8bn":[189],"\u00a320bn":[191],"currently":[195],"accounts":[196],"10%":[199],"total":[202],"resource":[204],"expenditure":[205],"projected":[208],"account":[210,254],"around":[212],"17%":[213],"CONCLUSIONS:":[216],"are":[223,230,247,278],"prominent":[224],"diseases":[225,253],"significant":[232],"burden.":[234],"Data":[235],"differentiating":[236],"sparse.":[248],"Complications":[249],"related":[250],"substantial":[257],"proportion":[258],"costs.":[263],"As":[264],"prevalence":[265],"increases,":[266],"treating":[270],"complications":[271],"will":[272],"grow":[273],"if":[274],"care":[276],"regimes":[277],"maintained.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":71},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":87},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":69},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}