{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1524427282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sex.2006.0045","title":"\"Your body is yours\": Anarchism, Birth Control, and Eugenics in Interwar France","display_name":"\"Your body is yours\": Anarchism, Birth Control, and Eugenics in Interwar France","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1524427282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sex.2006.0045","mag":"1524427282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/sex.2006.0045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sex.2006.0045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sex.2006.0045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72761507","display_name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","issn_l":"1043-4070","issn":["1043-4070","1535-3605"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315957","host_organization_name":"University of Texas Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315957","https://openalex.org/P4310316937"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Texas Press","University of Texas at Austin"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048059451","display_name":"Richard D. Sonn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard David Sonn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048059451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24737627,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"415","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12575","display_name":"Medical History and Research","score":0.5785999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12575","display_name":"Medical History and Research","score":0.5785999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13332","display_name":"Historical Studies on Reproduction, Gender, Health, and Societal Changes","score":0.2328999936580658,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13428","display_name":"Anarchism and Radical Politics","score":0.07720000296831131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anarchism","display_name":"anarchism","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contraception","display_name":"contraception","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eugenics","display_name":"eugenics","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-eugenics","display_name":"negative eugenics","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-eugenics","display_name":"positive eugenics","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interwar-france","display_name":"interwar France","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neo-malthusianism","display_name":"neo-Malthusianism","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abortion-law","display_name":"abortion law","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/french-third-republic","display_name":"Third Republic","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-class","display_name":"working class","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-planning","display_name":"family planning","score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-rights","display_name":"reproductive rights","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140610115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170480","display_name":"Eugenics","level":2,"score":0.9562748670578003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543051216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154611","display_name":"Interwar period","level":3,"score":0.616268515586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.6089417934417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781400533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122224","display_name":"Birth control","level":5,"score":0.5242854952812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5616717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310","display_name":"Nazism","level":3,"score":0.4891529381275177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137355542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362","display_name":"World War II","level":2,"score":0.43107494711875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.41214632987976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778627824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178561","display_name":"Battle","level":2,"score":0.4102894067764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.39727145433425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.38397353887557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3560788035392761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.2857574224472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.22908270359039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.18799778819084167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779076696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1280670","display_name":"Family planning","level":4,"score":0.13993817567825317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.12209656834602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986817661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185698","display_name":"Research methodology","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/sex.2006.0045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sex.2006.0045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sex.2006.0045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72761507","display_name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","issn_l":"1043-4070","issn":["1043-4070","1535-3605"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315957","host_organization_name":"University of Texas Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315957","https://openalex.org/P4310316937"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Texas Press","University of Texas at Austin"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the History of Sexuality","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/204884","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/15/article/204884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W560416393","https://openalex.org/W562046373","https://openalex.org/W563411088","https://openalex.org/W574918356","https://openalex.org/W1486121775","https://openalex.org/W1515193927","https://openalex.org/W1535070487","https://openalex.org/W1539274624","https://openalex.org/W1560622506","https://openalex.org/W1971455107","https://openalex.org/W1992462598","https://openalex.org/W2046350941","https://openalex.org/W2089755475","https://openalex.org/W2122965672","https://openalex.org/W2136370134"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520467797","https://openalex.org/W2134286964","https://openalex.org/W4252378636","https://openalex.org/W7017157743","https://openalex.org/W2946763198","https://openalex.org/W4230448163","https://openalex.org/W7162690266","https://openalex.org/W2945199388","https://openalex.org/W574918356","https://openalex.org/W1971455107"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\"Your":[0],"body":[1],"is":[2,23],"yours\":":[3],"Anarchism,":[4],"Birth":[5],"Control,":[6],"and":[7,29,84,107,135,171,192,215,263,317,331,396,434,453,469,486,536,553,571,604,625],"Eugenics":[8,17],"in":[9,18,34,44,48,62,68,79,120,207,256,282,294,349,367,378,503,584,613],"Interwar":[10],"France":[11,80,546],"Richard":[12],"Sonn":[13],"University":[14],"of":[15,72,87,93,99,147,159,185,195,242,252,276,285,288,300,306,384,391,401,416,444,451,462,539,556,578,593,609],"Arkansas":[16],"the":[19,36,45,70,91,94,115,127,150,154,163,178,208,250,253,277,286,292,295,298,304,345,360,381,399,402,411,414,432,442,445,448,459,505,510,513,542,591,594,597,614,621,630],"interwar":[20,209,268],"period":[21],"(1918\u201339)":[22],"generally":[24,118],"associated":[25],"with":[26,169,326,344,398,532],"Fascist":[27,257],"Italy":[28],"Nazi":[30],"Germany,":[31],"though":[32],"interest":[33,61],"preventing":[35],"\"unfit\"":[37,217],"from":[38,221,509,521],"breeding":[39],"also":[40],"reached":[41],"a":[42,85,144,182,261,500],"peak":[43],"United":[46],"States":[47],"these":[49,100,373],"same":[50],"years.":[51],"1":[52],"Most":[53],"French":[54,73,101,278,517],"leaders,":[55],"by":[56,274,353,380,529,549],"contrast,":[57],"evinced":[58],"much":[59],"less":[60],"controlling":[63],"or":[64,422],"limiting":[65],"births":[66],"than":[67],"increasing":[69],"quantity":[71],"people.":[74],"2":[75],"The":[76,267,356,389,515],"Third":[77,516],"Republic":[78],"supported":[81],"pronatalist":[82],"policies,":[83],"host":[86],"organizations":[88,103],"rallied":[89],"to":[90,130,136,203,235,245,314,371,386,431,438,606,623],"cause":[92,415],"large":[95],"family.":[96],"While":[97],"many":[98],"profamily":[102],"were":[104,117,162,323,471,482,494],"Catholic,":[105],"Radicals":[106],"even":[108,435],"Socialists":[109],"as":[110,112,255,456,458,475,565],"well":[111,457],"politicians":[113],"on":[114,174,227,291,426,507,566],"Right":[116],"united":[119],"encouraging":[121],"population":[122,198,243,446,552],"growth.":[123],"3":[124],"That":[125],"left":[126],"extreme":[128],"Left":[129],"battle":[131],"for":[132,138,149,188,193,249,260,329,334,440,601,640],"birth":[133,175,279,315,417,466],"control":[134,176,189,280,316,418,467],"advocate":[137,204],"demographic":[139,490],"quality":[140,146,194],"over":[141,190,197],"quantity,":[142],"especially":[143],"higher":[145],"life":[148,196],"working":[151,265],"classes.":[152],"At":[153],"forefront":[155],"[End":[156,487],"Page":[157,488],"415]":[158],"that":[160,212,393,413,545],"struggle":[161],"anarchists,":[164,473],"who":[165],"had":[166,376,419,617],"been":[167,271,420],"identified":[168,394],"neo-Malthusianism":[170],"its":[172,550,559],"emphasis":[173,226],"since":[177],"1890s.":[179],"4":[180],"As":[181],"logical":[183],"extension":[184],"this":[186,563,579],"demand":[187],"reproduction":[191],"growth,":[199],"some":[200],"anarchists":[201,428,481,498,627],"began":[202],"negative":[205,460],"eugenics":[206,508],"era,":[210],"arguing":[211],"alcoholics,":[213],"diseased,":[214],"other":[216],"people":[218,234],"should":[219],"refrain":[220],"having":[222],"children,":[223],"alongside":[224],"their":[225],"positive":[228,449],"eugenics,":[229],"which":[230,375,519,540],"encouraged":[231],"allegedly":[232],"superior":[233],"bear":[236],"more":[237],"children.":[238],"This":[239],"dual":[240],"regulation":[241],"was":[244,525,547,637],"be":[246,582],"done":[247],"not":[248,472,479],"good":[251,400,495],"state,":[254],"regimes,":[258],"but":[259],"healthier":[262],"self-regulating":[264],"class.":[266],"era":[269],"has":[270],"relatively":[272],"neglected":[273],"historians":[275],"movement,":[281],"part":[283],"because":[284],"wave":[287],"repression":[289],"visited":[290],"movement":[293],"1920s,":[296],"after":[297],"Chamber":[299],"Deputies":[301],"overwhelmingly":[302],"passed":[303,377],"law":[305,347],"31":[307],"July":[308],"1920":[309,346,379],"outlawing":[310],"all":[311,406,480,538],"information":[312],"pertaining":[313],"abortion.":[318,338],"In":[319],"1923":[320],"antiabortion":[321],"laws":[322],"further":[324],"strengthened,":[325],"four-year":[327],"sentences":[328],"abortionists":[330],"six":[332],"months":[333],"women":[335],"undergoing":[336],"an":[337],"Numerous":[339],"condemnations":[340],"followed":[341],"both":[342],"laws,":[343,374],"resulting":[348],"fifty-nine":[350],"prison":[351],"terms":[352],"May":[354],"1923.":[355],"leftist":[357],"coalition":[358],"called":[359,600],"Cartel":[361],"des":[362],"gauches,":[363],"voted":[364],"into":[365],"power":[366],"1924,":[368],"did":[369],"nothing":[370],"abrogate":[372],"commanding":[382],"margin":[383],"521":[385],"55.":[387],"5":[388],"\"politics":[390],"motherhood\"":[392],"family":[395,463,602],"maternity":[397],"nation":[403],"dominated":[404],"nearly":[405],"political":[407],"factions.":[408],"6":[409],"Despite":[410],"assumption":[412],"defeated":[421],"at":[423],"least":[424],"put":[425],"hold,":[427],"remained":[429],"committed":[430],"ideal,":[433],"extended":[436],"it":[437],"advocating":[439],"improving":[441],"fitness":[443],"through":[447,512],"effects":[450],"sunshine":[452],"outdoor":[454],"activities":[455],"ones":[461],"limitation.":[464],"All":[465],"advocates":[468],"neo-Malthusians":[470],"and,":[474],"we":[476],"shall":[477],"see,":[478],"enthusiastic":[483],"about":[484],"biological":[485],"416]":[489],"issues.":[491],"Yet":[492],"there":[493],"reasons":[496],"why":[497],"played":[499],"leading":[501],"role":[502],"promoting":[504],"discourse":[506],"1890s":[511],"1930s.":[514],"Republic,":[518],"lasted":[520],"1870":[522],"until":[523],"1940,":[524],"quite":[526],"literally":[527],"defined":[528],"three":[530],"wars":[531],"Germany":[533],"(1870\u201371,":[534],"1914\u201318,":[535],"1940),":[537],"reinforced":[541],"dominant":[543],"sentiment":[544],"endangered":[548],"lower":[551],"slower":[554],"rate":[555],"growth":[557],"vis-\u00e0-vis":[558],"Teutonic":[560],"neighbor.":[561],"On":[562],"issue":[564],"few":[567],"others,":[568],"liberal":[569],"republicans":[570],"Catholic":[572],"traditionalists":[573],"agreed.":[574],"One":[575],"striking":[576],"example":[577],"agreement":[580],"can":[581],"seen":[583],"\u00c9mile":[585],"Zola's":[586],"1899":[587],"novel":[588],"F\u00e9condit\u00e9.":[589],"For":[590],"sake":[592],"patrie":[595],"(fatherland),":[596],"Naturalist":[598],"writer":[599],"values":[603],"motherhood":[605],"trump":[607],"attitudes":[608],"selfish":[610],"pleasure.":[611],"Earlier":[612],"decade":[615],"Zola":[616],"written":[618],"novels":[619],"satirizing":[620],"pilgrimage":[622],"Lourdes":[624],"imagining":[626],"blowing":[628],"up":[629],"new":[631],"Sacr\u00e9":[632],"Coeur":[633],"cathedral,":[634],"so":[635],"he":[636],"hardly":[638],"known":[639],"his":[641],"pro-Catholic":[642],"bias...":[643]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
