{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1523595296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","title":"The First Buddhist Mission to the West: Charles Pfoundes and the London Buddhist mission of 1889 \u2013 1892","display_name":"The First Buddhist Mission to the West: Charles Pfoundes and the London Buddhist mission of 1889 \u2013 1892","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1523595296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","mag":"1523595296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178402","display_name":"Journal of the British Association for the Study of Religion (JBASR)","issn_l":"0967-8948","issn":["0967-8948","2516-6379"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DISKUS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044702286","display_name":"Brian Bocking","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bocking Brian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090745043","display_name":"Laurence Cox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8464-0464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8464-0464"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence Cox","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067154443","display_name":"Shin\u2019ichi Yoshinaga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shin\u2019ichi Yoshinaga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13375448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11563","display_name":"Indian and Buddhist Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11563","display_name":"Indian and Buddhist Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13005","display_name":"Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13150","display_name":"Study and Philosophy of Religion","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-buddhism","display_name":"Western Buddhism","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-buddhism","display_name":"Japanese Buddhism","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-buddhism","display_name":"Buddhist history","score":0.5339999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75699723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748","display_name":"Buddhism","level":2,"score":0.9353330135345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.38562270998954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.3708784580230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.3360365033149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.2322545349597931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21177321672439575}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178402","display_name":"Journal of the British Association for the Study of Religion (JBASR)","issn_l":"0967-8948","issn":["0967-8948","2516-6379"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DISKUS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:null:10468/9812","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401150","display_name":"Cork Open Research Archive (University College Cork, Ireland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210141138","host_organization_name":"APC Microbiome Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141138"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie:5629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/5629/1/LC_first%20buddhist.pdf","pdf_url":"http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/5629/1/LC_first%20buddhist.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401432","display_name":"Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (Maynooth University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157286207","host_organization_name":"National University of Ireland, Maynooth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mural.maynoothuniversity.ie:5629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/id/eprint/5629/1/LC_first%20buddhist.pdf","pdf_url":"https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/id/eprint/5629/1/LC_first%20buddhist.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401432","display_name":"Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (Maynooth University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157286207","host_organization_name":"National University of Ireland, Maynooth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:http://www.rian.ie/187058/","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400033","display_name":"Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","host_organization_name":"Technological University Dublin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bocking, B., Cox, L., and Yoshinaga, S. (2014) 'The first Buddhist mission to the West: Charles Pfoundes and the London Buddhist mission of 1889 \u2013 1892', Diskus, 16 (3), pp. 1-33.","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cora.ucc.ie:10468/9812","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://cora.ucc.ie/bitstreams/60c4223e-005e-4916-a24f-0125f8cf222f/download","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401150","display_name":"Cork Open Research Archive (University College Cork, Ireland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210141138","host_organization_name":"APC Microbiome Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141138"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article (peer-reviewed)"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18792/diskus.v16i3.51","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178402","display_name":"Journal of the British Association for the Study of Religion (JBASR)","issn_l":"0967-8948","issn":["0967-8948","2516-6379"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DISKUS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W338474837","https://openalex.org/W377806938","https://openalex.org/W595033051","https://openalex.org/W596213752","https://openalex.org/W627207277","https://openalex.org/W646508594","https://openalex.org/W1446030590","https://openalex.org/W1966233851","https://openalex.org/W1975937546","https://openalex.org/W1985177385","https://openalex.org/W1992222324","https://openalex.org/W2008251289","https://openalex.org/W2022277294","https://openalex.org/W2031798852","https://openalex.org/W2033372777","https://openalex.org/W2041920289","https://openalex.org/W2044025993","https://openalex.org/W2060071594","https://openalex.org/W2322368681","https://openalex.org/W2795634267","https://openalex.org/W2798504535","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7162399841","https://openalex.org/W4212984958","https://openalex.org/W2033372777","https://openalex.org/W3210101136","https://openalex.org/W2561380132","https://openalex.org/W2008251289","https://openalex.org/W2741180722","https://openalex.org/W2247841079","https://openalex.org/W944370550","https://openalex.org/W4243310696"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,96],"challenges":[2],"two":[3,198],"general":[4],"assumptions":[5],"shared":[6],"by":[7,54,79],"scholars":[8,55],"of":[9,38,88,109,125,133,140],"Western":[10],"Buddhism:":[11],"(1)":[12],"that":[13,31,62,124],"the":[14,19,41,63,80,89,104,110,131,136,141,145,154,157,160,191],"earliest":[15],"Buddhist":[16,43,83,92,164,193],"missions":[17,165],"to":[18,45,49,102,119,195],"West":[20],"were":[21],"those":[22],"established":[23],"in":[24,56,70,72,166,180,182],"California":[25,167],"from":[26,188],"1899":[27],"onwards;":[28],"and":[29,47,58,74,107,116,123,138,144,159,168,184],"(2)":[30],"Ananda":[32,185],"Metteyya\u2018s":[33,186],"(Allan":[34],"Bennett\u2018s)":[35],"London":[36,46,71,111,142,181],"mission":[37,44],"1908":[39],"was":[40],"first":[42,100],"thus":[48],"Europe.":[50],"Recent":[51],"collaborative":[52],"research":[53],"Ireland":[57],"Japan":[59],"demonstrates":[60],"instead":[61],"Japanese-sponsored":[64],"\u2017Buddhist":[65],"Propagation":[66],"Society\u2018":[67],"(BPS)":[68],"launched":[69],"1889":[73],"led":[75],"for":[76,147],"three":[77],"years":[78],"Irish-born":[81],"Japanese":[82,115,127,163],"Charles":[84],"Pfoundes":[85],"predates":[86],"both":[87],"above-mentioned":[90],"\u2017first\u2018":[91,162,192],"missions.":[93],"In":[94],"this":[95],"we":[97],"offer":[98],"a":[99],"attempt":[101],"document":[103],"nature,":[105],"activities":[106,139],"significance":[108],"BPS,":[112],"drawing":[113],"on":[114],"UK":[117],"sources":[118],"examine":[120],"Pfoundes\u2018":[121,134,177],"role":[122],"his":[126],"sponsors.":[128],"We":[129],"discuss":[130],"nature":[132],"Buddhism,":[135],"strategy":[137],"BPS":[143,158],"reasons":[146],"its":[148],"eventual":[149],"demise.":[150],"The":[151],"conclusion":[152],"examines":[153],"links":[155],"between":[156,176],"later":[161],"asks":[169],"what":[170],"hidden":[171],"connection":[172],"there":[173],"might":[174],"be":[175],"missionary":[178,194],"campaign":[179],"1889-92":[183],"return":[187],"Burma":[189],"as":[190],"London,":[196],"almost":[197],"decades":[199],"later.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}