{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1523398333","doi":null,"title":"Poverty in the U.S.: Why Is It So Persistent?","display_name":"Poverty in the U.S.: Why Is It So Persistent?","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1523398333","mag":"1523398333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1523398333","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:aea:jeclit:v:26:y:1988:i:3:p:1073-119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S127708089","display_name":"Journal of Economic Literature","issn_l":"0022-0515","issn":["0022-0515","1547-1101","2328-8175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315912","host_organization_name":"American Economic Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Economic Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Literature","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088052481","display_name":"Isabel V. Sawhill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Isabel V. Sawhill","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088052481"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":89.3159,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":261,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99944296,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":"1073","last_page":"1119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11610","display_name":"Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persistent-poverty","display_name":"poverty persistence","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-inequality","display_name":"income inequality","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-dynamics","display_name":"poverty dynamics","score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.4880000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.6961237788200378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5481030941009521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.5019583702087402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.33314573764801025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22592124342918396}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1523398333","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:aea:jeclit:v:26:y:1988:i:3:p:1073-119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S127708089","display_name":"Journal of Economic Literature","issn_l":"0022-0515","issn":["0022-0515","1547-1101","2328-8175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315912","host_organization_name":"American Economic Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Economic Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Literature","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.666700005531311,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":96,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1364105","https://openalex.org/W108310728","https://openalex.org/W121891062","https://openalex.org/W139879832","https://openalex.org/W185142175","https://openalex.org/W200171117","https://openalex.org/W228841699","https://openalex.org/W276201908","https://openalex.org/W303166160","https://openalex.org/W355597549","https://openalex.org/W436615392","https://openalex.org/W621639727","https://openalex.org/W633982341","https://openalex.org/W637863679","https://openalex.org/W652819796","https://openalex.org/W759488143","https://openalex.org/W1480234969","https://openalex.org/W1480471773","https://openalex.org/W1483062237","https://openalex.org/W1496828358","https://openalex.org/W1502253867","https://openalex.org/W1527980006","https://openalex.org/W1528790835","https://openalex.org/W1535789494","https://openalex.org/W1547929151","https://openalex.org/W1564118432","https://openalex.org/W1566936261","https://openalex.org/W1567587093","https://openalex.org/W1574472766","https://openalex.org/W1594498618","https://openalex.org/W1598401034","https://openalex.org/W1599439765","https://openalex.org/W1606756137","https://openalex.org/W1961602381","https://openalex.org/W1964275080","https://openalex.org/W1966078723","https://openalex.org/W1970084724","https://openalex.org/W1970936211","https://openalex.org/W1977344913","https://openalex.org/W1977748666","https://openalex.org/W1982682233","https://openalex.org/W1987845250","https://openalex.org/W1996213654","https://openalex.org/W1996969360","https://openalex.org/W2004877893","https://openalex.org/W2006254321","https://openalex.org/W2008175949","https://openalex.org/W2010799064","https://openalex.org/W2011680222","https://openalex.org/W2015958526","https://openalex.org/W2017074113","https://openalex.org/W2021988998","https://openalex.org/W2024997409","https://openalex.org/W2026646261","https://openalex.org/W2040401174","https://openalex.org/W2046186962","https://openalex.org/W2047503105","https://openalex.org/W2048899167","https://openalex.org/W2050355656","https://openalex.org/W2061074515","https://openalex.org/W2064505921","https://openalex.org/W2070415764","https://openalex.org/W2074008908","https://openalex.org/W2075577291","https://openalex.org/W2078358638","https://openalex.org/W2084821135","https://openalex.org/W2086830322","https://openalex.org/W2087275534","https://openalex.org/W2096328754","https://openalex.org/W2131792726","https://openalex.org/W2132085451","https://openalex.org/W2135085156","https://openalex.org/W2138941732","https://openalex.org/W2207770433","https://openalex.org/W2268298336","https://openalex.org/W2274656390","https://openalex.org/W2316183841","https://openalex.org/W2316761430","https://openalex.org/W2330310237","https://openalex.org/W2391377608","https://openalex.org/W2405601174","https://openalex.org/W2483230187","https://openalex.org/W2485116259","https://openalex.org/W2494828712","https://openalex.org/W2605767847","https://openalex.org/W2731113899","https://openalex.org/W2917933499","https://openalex.org/W2991839632","https://openalex.org/W3021793129","https://openalex.org/W3023026773","https://openalex.org/W3036465495","https://openalex.org/W3122542817","https://openalex.org/W3122768589","https://openalex.org/W3123031109","https://openalex.org/W3145933524","https://openalex.org/W3146517867"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2561059800","https://openalex.org/W2313541059","https://openalex.org/W2510263772","https://openalex.org/W851466268","https://openalex.org/W2260245431","https://openalex.org/W2315211620","https://openalex.org/W3170976958","https://openalex.org/W199546057","https://openalex.org/W7112081347","https://openalex.org/W6995650867"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}