{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1522102449","doi":null,"title":"Legal Forms and the Common Law of Patents","display_name":"Legal Forms and the Common Law of Patents","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1522102449","mag":"1522102449"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlycommons.law.case.edu:faculty_publications-1569","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567","pdf_url":"https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196722","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons (Case Western Reserve University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","host_organization_name":"Case Western Reserve University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014223992","display_name":"Craig Allen Nard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Craig Allen Nard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Western Reserve, University School of Law"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Western Reserve, University School of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014223992"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.5013,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99175596,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.7997999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.7997999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.14429999887943268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.01489999983459711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-law","display_name":"patent law","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-law","display_name":"common law","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-discretion","display_name":"judicial discretion","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-forms","display_name":"legal forms","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-choice","display_name":"institutional choice","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-advantage","display_name":"comparative advantage","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/friedrich-hayek","display_name":"Friedrich Hayek","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-reform","display_name":"patent law reform","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-innovation","display_name":"technological innovation","score":0.5669999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.6360328197479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71043370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4932206","display_name":"Jurisprudence","level":2,"score":0.5895386934280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170706310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30216","display_name":"Common law","level":2,"score":0.5832974910736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158129432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7766927","display_name":"Statutory law","level":2,"score":0.5801908373832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777632292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315515","display_name":"Discretion","level":2,"score":0.5318149328231812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.47538983821868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149209484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741338","display_name":"Comparative law","level":2,"score":0.44564640522003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177986884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207892","display_name":"Public law","level":2,"score":0.4106159508228302}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlycommons.law.case.edu:faculty_publications-1569","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567","pdf_url":"https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196722","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons (Case Western Reserve University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","host_organization_name":"Case Western Reserve University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1522102449","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlycommons.law.case.edu:faculty_publications-1569","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567","pdf_url":"https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196722","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons (Case Western Reserve University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","host_organization_name":"Case Western Reserve University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1522102449.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1522102449.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2560628098","https://openalex.org/W2276464503","https://openalex.org/W3139436239","https://openalex.org/W6990328129","https://openalex.org/W1705400010","https://openalex.org/W2087875282","https://openalex.org/W2415545542","https://openalex.org/W2800433250","https://openalex.org/W3124310421","https://openalex.org/W3125524071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,141,233],"question":[1],"of":[2,10,18,63,79,85,100,107,125,133,222,235,239,252,299,315],"institutional":[3],"choice":[4,216],"is":[5,34,94,105],"important":[6,88],"in":[7,15,45,60,121,146,312,342],"all":[8],"areas":[9],"the":[11,16,31,53,57,61,86,115,123,131,138,147,152,205,215,220,236,297,313],"law,":[12,82,127],"but":[13],"particularly":[14],"context":[17,314],"patent":[19,32,64,81,91,126,335],"law":[20,92,143,185,238,253,350],"with":[21,263],"its":[22],"divergent":[23],"stakeholders,":[24],"decentralized":[25,261],"variance":[26],"among":[27],"industries":[28],"regarding":[29],"how":[30],"system":[33],"viewed":[35],"and":[36,39,89,114,167,217,228,244,292,318,339],"relied":[37],"upon,":[38],"a":[40,76,119,155,182,223,229,250,260,277,289,293,306,348],"persistent":[41],"focus":[42],"on":[43],"reform":[44],"recent":[46],"years.":[47],"For":[48],"over":[49],"two":[50],"hundred":[51],"years,":[52],"courts":[54,116],"have":[55,118],"been":[56,199,242],"dominant":[58],"force":[59],"development":[62],"law.":[65],"It":[66],"should":[67],"therefore":[68],"come":[69],"as":[70],"no":[71],"surprise":[72],"to":[73,177,190,209,255,267,327],"learn":[74],"that":[75,172,249,284],"significant":[77,192],"portion":[78],"American":[80],"including":[83],"some":[84],"most":[87,213],"controversial":[90],"doctrines,":[93],"either":[95],"built":[96],"upon":[97],"judicial":[98,196,310,337],"interpretation":[99],"elliptical":[101],"statutory":[102,109],"phrases":[103],"or":[104,333],"devoid":[106],"any":[108],"basis.":[110],"Thus,":[111],"while":[112],"Congress":[113],"each":[117,268],"hand":[120],"constructing":[122,281],"latticework":[124],"judges":[128],"-":[129,136,145,150,259,271],"not":[130,275],"authors":[132],"lex":[134],"scripta":[135],"are":[137,173,285],"principal":[139],"architects.":[140],"common":[142,184,206,237,349],"process":[144],"Hayekian":[148],"sense":[149],"situates":[151],"judge":[153],"within":[154],"given":[156],"technological":[157,257],"community,":[158],"where":[159],"norm":[160],"identification":[161],"can":[162,201],"be":[163,202],"more":[164,174,230,272],"easily":[165],"recognized":[166],"representative":[168],"legal":[169,211],"frameworks":[170,283],"constructed":[171],"closely":[175],"tethered":[176],"relevant":[178],"social":[179],"context.":[180],"Such":[181],"pronounced":[183],"role":[186],"offers":[187],"an":[188,247,319],"opportunity":[189],"exercise":[191],"discretion.":[193],"How":[194],"this":[195,303],"discretion":[197],"has":[198,241],"managed":[200],"gleaned":[203],"from":[204],"law\u2019s":[207,336],"willingness":[208],"construct":[210],"forms,":[212],"notably":[214],"balance":[218],"between":[219,288],"creation":[221],"rule-based":[224],"(or":[225],"rule-like)":[226],"jurisprudence":[227],"standard-oriented":[231],"approach.":[232],"evolution":[234],"patents":[240],"interstitial":[243],"nuanced,":[245],"displaying":[246],"understanding":[248],"body":[251],"devoted":[254],"promoting":[256],"innovation":[258],"enterprise":[262],"attendant":[264],"norms":[265],"unique":[266],"innovative":[269],"community":[270],"often":[273],"than":[274],"requires":[276],"less":[278],"dichotomous":[279],"approach,":[280],"analytical":[282],"situated":[286],"somewhere":[287],"spotless":[290],"rule":[291],"pure":[294],"standard.":[295],"Through":[296],"lens":[298],"comparative":[300],"advantage,":[301],"therefore,":[302],"experience":[304],"provides":[305],"strong":[307],"case":[308],"for":[309],"primacy":[311],"substantive":[316,343],"reform,":[317],"important,":[320],"yet":[321],"modest,":[322],"Congressional":[323],"role,":[324],"one":[325],"limited":[326],"(1)":[328],"bringing":[329],"about":[330],"procedural":[331],"change":[332],"altering":[334],"architecture;":[338],"(2)":[340],"engaging":[341],"corrective":[344],"action":[345],"by":[346],"addressing":[347],"gone":[351],"awry.":[352]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
