{"id":"https://openalex.org/W15199039","doi":null,"title":"Hepatitis-B virus infection in rural and urban populations of eastern Nigeria: prevalence of serological markers.","display_name":"Hepatitis-B virus infection in rural and urban populations of eastern Nigeria: prevalence of serological markers.","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W15199039","mag":"15199039","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2261867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2261867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2261867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"East African medical journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031511662","display_name":"Uche O. Amazigo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11892038","display_name":"University of Nigeria","ror":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11892038"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U O Amazigo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Anambra State"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Anambra State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11892038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111567185","display_name":"A.B. Chime","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A B Chime","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00215707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"8","first_page":"539","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12025","display_name":"Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b-virus","display_name":"hepatitis B virus","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seroprevalence","display_name":"seroprevalence","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hbsag-carriers","display_name":"HBsAg carriers","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-hbc","display_name":"anti-HBc","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-hbs","display_name":"anti-HBs","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hbeag","display_name":"HBeAg","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prisoners","display_name":"prisoners","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horizontal-transmission","display_name":"horizontal transmission","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-transfusion","display_name":"blood transfusion","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eastern-nigeria","display_name":"Eastern Nigeria","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8427159786224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777410769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2282887","display_name":"HBsAg","level":4,"score":0.8354084491729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45189115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159","display_name":"Serology","level":3,"score":0.770686149597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.7321316003799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775940106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10478733","display_name":"HBeAg","level":5,"score":0.6530123949050903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.645484447479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5153107643127441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5082004070281982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6853","display_name":"Hepatitis B","level":2,"score":0.48819810152053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.46593254804611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.4185604453086853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.40334972739219666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3858342468738556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.384715735912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.28516411781311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.19086655974388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002353","descriptor_name":"Carrier State","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002353","descriptor_name":"Carrier State","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002353","descriptor_name":"Carrier State","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006509","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006509","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006509","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006513","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B e Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006514","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B Surface Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009549","descriptor_name":"Nigeria","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011329","descriptor_name":"Prisoners","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012424","descriptor_name":"Rural Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014505","descriptor_name":"Urban Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016036","descriptor_name":"Seroepidemiologic Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2261867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2261867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"East African medical journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:15199039","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2261867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2611595157","https://openalex.org/W7096019492","https://openalex.org/W2001264531","https://openalex.org/W2969874110","https://openalex.org/W1552230545","https://openalex.org/W3197169651","https://openalex.org/W7096493797","https://openalex.org/W2110086490","https://openalex.org/W2132970559","https://openalex.org/W2166793257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hepatitis":[0],"B":[1,61],"virus":[2,62],"markers":[3,31,164],"were":[4,36,44,70],"measured":[5,63],"by":[6,64,99,181],"radioimmunoassay":[7],"in":[8,19,73,135,138,145,165,200],"the":[9,65,74,79,100,107,160,169,194],"sera":[10],"of":[11,32,67,102,106,122,162,171,188,197],"804":[12],"rural":[13,75,166,201],"and":[14,17,42,56,128,168,186],"urban":[15,80],"inhabitants":[16],"prisoners":[18,136],"Nigeria.":[20,202],"Of":[21],"these,":[22],"530":[23],"(66%)":[24],"subjects":[25],"had":[26,40],"one":[27,113],"or":[28,183],"more":[29],"serologic":[30],"HBV":[33,50,114,163,198],"infection;":[34],"9.1%":[35],"HBsAg":[37,53,123,147],"carriers,":[38],"47%":[39],"anti-HBs":[41],"10.1%":[43],"positive":[45,148,155],"for":[46],"anti-HBc":[47,68,129],"alone.":[48],"Total":[49],"exposure":[51,58],"rate,":[52],"carrier":[54],"rate":[55],"previous":[57],"to":[59],"hepatitis":[60],"frequency":[66,161],"alone":[69,130],"significantly":[71],"higher":[72,120],"population":[76,81,109],"compared":[77],"with":[78,150],"(p":[82,124,131],"less":[83,87,91,125,132],"than":[84,88,92,126,133,137,191],"0.0001;":[85],"p":[86,90],"0.03;":[89],"0.01)":[93],"respectively.":[94],"It":[95],"was":[96,118,143,157],"observed":[97],"that":[98,177],"age":[101],"40":[103],"years,":[104],"87%":[105],"Nigerian":[108],"have":[110],"at":[111],"least":[112],"seric":[115],"marker.":[116],"There":[117],"a":[119],"incidence":[121],"0.0001)":[127],"0.001)":[134],"any":[139],"other":[140],"group.":[141],"HBeAg":[142],"present":[144],"16.4%":[146],"individuals":[149],"no":[151],"intersex":[152],"difference.":[153],"No":[154],"correlation":[156],"found":[158],"between":[159],"dwellers":[167],"history":[170],"blood":[172],"transfusions.":[173],"These":[174],"findings":[175],"suggest":[176],"horizontal":[178],"transmission":[179],"aided":[180],"cultural":[182],"behavioural":[184],"factors":[185],"clustering":[187],"carriers":[189],"rather":[190],"transfusions":[192],"is":[193],"main":[195],"determinant":[196],"prevalence":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
