{"id":"https://openalex.org/W151982945","doi":null,"title":"Prophylactic antibiotics in cirrhotics with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a prospective, controlled trial.","display_name":"Prophylactic antibiotics in cirrhotics with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a prospective, controlled trial.","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W151982945","mag":"151982945","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12455806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:12455806","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12455806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhonghua yi xue za zhi = Chinese medical journal; Free China ed","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W151982945"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056476804","display_name":"Ying-Tsun Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405284456","display_name":"Tainan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03ka92798","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405284456"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Tsun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Gastroenterology, Armed Forces Tainan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Gastroenterology, Armed Forces Tainan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405284456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102745596","display_name":"Gin\u2010Ho Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9488-6185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9488-6185"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gin-Ho Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014888433","display_name":"Kwok-Hung Lai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwok-Hung Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010543245","display_name":"Tai-An Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-3670","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-3670"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tai-An Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071426146","display_name":"Whey-Jen Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Whey-Jen Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4073,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66859365,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"8","first_page":"365","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10337","display_name":"Liver Disease and Transplantation","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10337","display_name":"Liver Disease and Transplantation","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11378","display_name":"Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-prophylaxis","display_name":"antibiotic prophylaxis","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-cirrhosis","display_name":"liver cirrhosis","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-gastrointestinal-bleeding","display_name":"upper gastrointestinal bleeding","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection-control","display_name":"infection control","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cefazolin","display_name":"cefazolin","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cephalexin","display_name":"cephalexin","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gram-negative-bacilli","display_name":"Gram-negative bacilli","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gram-positive-cocci","display_name":"Gram-positive cocci","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection-related-mortality","display_name":"infection-related mortality","score":0.8740000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9383330345153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.7202495336532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776301714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q259346","display_name":"Sputum","level":3,"score":0.6113325357437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780496750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193889","display_name":"Ascites","level":2,"score":0.5570501089096069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.529380738735199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779912665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7581635","display_name":"Sputum culture","level":4,"score":0.5210915803909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.48385322093963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778353156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415739","display_name":"Cefazolin","level":3,"score":0.47926780581474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.4758034646511078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183134","display_name":"Sepsis","level":2,"score":0.4668982923030853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4556480050086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4489419758319855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778602436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774943","display_name":"Antibiotic prophylaxis","level":3,"score":0.44028595089912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81182388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353963","display_name":"Complication","level":2,"score":0.43612784147262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777214474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147778","display_name":"Cirrhosis","level":2,"score":0.4180445969104767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886695","display_name":"Blood culture","level":3,"score":0.41484561562538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.14100003242492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002437","descriptor_name":"Cefazolin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002506","descriptor_name":"Cephalexin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006471","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008103","descriptor_name":"Liver Cirrhosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019072","descriptor_name":"Antibiotic Prophylaxis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:12455806","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12455806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhonghua yi xue za zhi = Chinese medical journal; Free China ed","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"mag:151982945","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12455806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial"},{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1845618022","https://openalex.org/W3048122021","https://openalex.org/W4251224946","https://openalex.org/W2118070953","https://openalex.org/W2800588078","https://openalex.org/W2045268670","https://openalex.org/W2088196566","https://openalex.org/W1977626961"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Infections":[1],"are":[2],"a":[3,58],"frequent":[4],"complication":[5],"in":[6,36,47,71,237,252,265,289,294,324,329,338,341,346,358,363],"cirrhotics,":[7],"and":[8,109,183,186,189,194,225,274,292,327,356],"gastrointestinal":[9,75,90,367],"bleeding":[10,91],"may":[11],"increase":[12],"the":[13,25,65,246,319,360],"infection":[14,69,94,250,262,284,302,320,361],"rate.":[15],"Nonabsorbable":[16],"antibiotics":[17,62,103,156],"or":[18,205,242],"quinolone":[19],"have":[20,101,111],"been":[21],"employed":[22],"to":[23,63,81,159,271],"decrease":[24],"incidence":[26,281],"of":[27,31,61,67,128,152,162,222,229,255,282],"infection.":[28],"Since":[29],"most":[30],"these":[32],"studies":[33],"were":[34,95,130,157,196,199,216,277,317],"performed":[35],"western":[37],"countries,":[38],"it":[39],"is":[40],"still":[41],"unclear":[42],"whether":[43],"this":[44,55],"holds":[45],"true":[46],"our":[48],"Taiwan":[49],"cirrhotic":[50,85],"patients.":[51,231],"Thus":[52],"we":[53],"conducted":[54],"study":[56],"using":[57],"different":[59],"formula":[60],"evaluate":[64],"efficacy":[66],"reducing":[68,359],"rates":[70],"cirrhotics":[72,364],"with":[73,88,365],"upper":[74,89,366],"bleeding.":[76,368],"METHODS:":[77],"From":[78],"July":[79],"1999":[80],"August":[82],"2000,":[83],"all":[84],"in-patients":[86],"presenting":[87],"but":[92,344],"without":[93],"enrolled.":[96],"The":[97,280],"patients":[98,120,178,215,224,254,340],"should":[99,110],"not":[100],"received":[102,123,138,179],"within":[104,125],"2":[105,134,247,315,339],"weeks":[106],"before":[107,147],"admission":[108],"expected":[112],"life":[113],"expectance":[114],"more":[115,307,313],"than":[116,308,314],"7":[117],"days.":[118,170],"Eligible":[119],"who":[121],"had":[122],"endoscopy":[124],"12":[126],"hours":[127,145,167],"hospitalization":[129,286],"randomly":[131],"allocated":[132],"into":[133],"groups.":[135,248],"Group":[136,171,218,226,256,266,290,295,325,330,342,347],"A":[137,219,291,326],"intravenous":[139],"cefazolin":[140],"1":[141],"gm":[142],"every":[143,165],"8":[144],"started":[146],"endoscopy.":[148],"After":[149],"3":[150,275],"days":[151],"prophylactic":[153,351],"parenteral":[154],"antibiotics,":[155],"shifted":[158],"oral":[160],"cephalexin":[161],"500":[163],"mg":[164],"6":[166,253],"for":[168,210,312],"4":[169],"B":[172,227,296,331],"served":[173],"as":[174],"control":[175],"subjects.":[176],"All":[177],"chest":[180],"X-ray,":[181],"blood":[182],"urine":[184,204],"cultures,":[185],"ascites":[187,193,206],"culture":[188,191,207],"sputum":[190,195],"if":[192],"found.":[197],"Patients":[198],"excluded":[200],"when":[201],"initial":[202,243],"blood,":[203],"was":[208,220,233,263,287,322],"positive":[209],"bacterial":[211],"growth.":[212],"RESULTS:":[213],"Ninety-seven":[214],"included.":[217],"comprised":[221,228],"47":[223],"50":[230],"There":[232],"no":[234,260],"significant":[235],"difference":[236],"age,":[238],"sex,":[239],"Child-Pugh's":[240],"score":[241],"hemoglobin":[244],"between":[245],"Proved":[249],"developed":[251],"B.":[257],"By":[258],"contrast,":[259],"proved":[261,283,354],"found":[264],"A.":[267,348],"Three":[268],"organisms":[269,276],"belonged":[270],"gram-negative":[272],"bacilli":[273],"gram-positive":[278],"cocci.":[279],"during":[285],"0%":[288],"12.0%":[293],"(p":[297,332],"=":[298,333],"0.027).":[299],"If":[300],"possible":[301],"cases":[303],"(patient's":[304],"body":[305],"temperature":[306],"38":[309],"degrees":[310],"C":[311],"days)":[316],"included,":[318],"rate":[321,362],"6.4%":[323],"26%":[328],"0.013).":[334],"Infection-related":[335],"mortality":[336],"occurred":[337],"B,":[343],"none":[345],"CONCLUSIONS:":[349],"Our":[350],"antibiotic":[352],"treatment":[353],"safe":[355],"effective":[357]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
