{"id":"https://openalex.org/W151564229","doi":null,"title":"Toward Candor after Medical Error: The First Apology Law","display_name":"Toward Candor after Medical Error: The First Apology Law","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W151564229","mag":"151564229"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:151564229","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://michaelrainey.com/pdf/TowardCandor.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015184783","display_name":"Jonathan R. Cohen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan R. Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015184783"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":32.1276,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99356183,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12339","display_name":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12339","display_name":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10508","display_name":"Patient Safety and Medication Errors","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apology-laws","display_name":"apology laws","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-malpractice","display_name":"medical malpractice","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-provider-liability","display_name":"health care provider liability","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-liability","display_name":"civil liability","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-physician-communication","display_name":"patient-physician communication","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-errors","display_name":"medical errors","score":0.375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779115301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752118","display_name":"Sympathy","level":2,"score":0.8424914479255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777432744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412160","display_name":"Compassion","level":2,"score":0.721500039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5559657216072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.547254741191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5351788401603699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200635333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158970","display_name":"Tort","level":3,"score":0.4855062961578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.47139766812324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.464600533246994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.45256805419921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199286143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1404417","display_name":"Legal liability","level":3,"score":0.4483286142349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.39001041650772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.32900404930114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:151564229","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://michaelrainey.com/pdf/TowardCandor.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4597579","https://openalex.org/W73991284","https://openalex.org/W82850504","https://openalex.org/W1550960988","https://openalex.org/W1592135856","https://openalex.org/W1968525246","https://openalex.org/W1992934526","https://openalex.org/W2016303444","https://openalex.org/W2040061680","https://openalex.org/W2091793126","https://openalex.org/W2101657902","https://openalex.org/W2150756606","https://openalex.org/W2166858912","https://openalex.org/W2322377061","https://openalex.org/W2324093677","https://openalex.org/W3124086254","https://openalex.org/W3125413285","https://openalex.org/W4236488080","https://openalex.org/W4248681304"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981638431","https://openalex.org/W2762115980","https://openalex.org/W7024558859","https://openalex.org/W2211248391","https://openalex.org/W2763485846","https://openalex.org/W6999914691","https://openalex.org/W3003891674","https://openalex.org/W2056961917","https://openalex.org/W7024808382","https://openalex.org/W2097925704"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"any":[1],"civil":[2],"action":[3],"brought":[4],"by":[5,39],"an":[6,10,45,92],"alleged":[7,54,74],"victim":[8,55,75],"of":[9,13,34,47,72,79,83,91,94],"unanticipated":[11,81],"outcome":[12,82],"medical":[14,84],"care[...]any":[15],"and":[16],"all":[17],"statements,":[18],"affirmations,":[19],"gestures":[20],"or":[21,30,44,60,70],"conduct":[22],"expressing":[23],"apology,":[24],"fault,":[25],"sympathy,":[26],"commiseration,":[27],"condolence,":[28],"compassion,":[29],"a":[31,40,48],"general":[32],"sense":[33],"benevolence":[35],"which":[36,62],"are":[37],"made":[38],"health":[41,49],"care":[42,50,85],"provider":[43,51],"employee":[46],"to":[52,64],"the":[53,57,65,73,77,80],"[or":[56],"victim\u2019s":[58],"relatives":[59],"representatives]":[61],"relate":[63],"discomfort,":[66],"pain,":[67],"suffering,":[68],"injury,":[69],"death":[71],"as":[76,89],"result":[78],"shall":[86],"be":[87],"inadmissible":[88],"evidence":[90],"admission":[93],"liability.1":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}