{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1512845813","doi":null,"title":"Questioning the Use Of Race-Specific and Gender-Specific Economic Data in Tort Litigation: A Constitutional Argument","display_name":"Questioning the Use Of Race-Specific and Gender-Specific Economic Data in Tort Litigation: A Constitutional Argument","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1512845813","mag":"1512845813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kb.osu.edu:1811/86270","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/86270","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/86270","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402304","display_name":"The Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","host_organization_name":"The Ohio State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/86270","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063778940","display_name":"Martha Chamallas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164389053","display_name":"Fordham University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qnxaf80","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164389053"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martha Chamallas","raw_affiliation_strings":["FORDHAM UNIVERSITY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FORDHAM UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164389053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063778940"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164389053"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8647,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94530161,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"1","first_page":"73","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13170","display_name":"Discrimination and Equality Law","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13170","display_name":"Discrimination and Equality Law","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13926","display_name":"Feminism, Gender, and Sexuality Studies","score":0.019700000062584877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14288","display_name":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tort-litigation","display_name":"tort litigation","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intentional-infliction-of-emotional-distress","display_name":"intentional infliction of emotional distress","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-arguments","display_name":"constitutional argumentation","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-damage","display_name":"economic damage","score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-discrimination","display_name":"gender discrimination","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-discrimination","display_name":"racial discrimination","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feminist-legal-theory","display_name":"feminist legal theory","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-harassment","display_name":"sexual harassment","score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-discrimination","display_name":"employment discrimination","score":0.38499999046325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.840679943561554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7802708148956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200635333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158970","display_name":"Tort","level":3,"score":0.7106721997261047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57017900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7827280","display_name":"Tort reform","level":4,"score":0.5686488151550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18650270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11206","display_name":"Constitutional law","level":2,"score":0.49607905745506287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.47937634587287903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4653070569038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.46121513843536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3102719783782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.162804514169693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.11003309488296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10007795691490173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:kb.osu.edu:1811/86270","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/86270","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/86270","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402304","display_name":"The Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","host_organization_name":"The Ohio State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lawnet.fordham.edu:flr-3127","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol63/iss1/6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196678","display_name":"FLASH - Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship & History (Fordham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164389053","host_organization_name":"Fordham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164389053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fordham Law Review","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:1512845813","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol63/iss1/6/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142409771","display_name":"Fordham law review","issn_l":"0015-704X","issn":["0015-704X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316489","host_organization_name":"Fordham University School of Law","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316489"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Fordham University School of Law"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fordham law review","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kb.osu.edu:1811/86270","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/86270","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/86270","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402304","display_name":"The Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","host_organization_name":"The Ohio State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7307999730110168,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1512845813.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1512845813.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3122170079","https://openalex.org/W1557441361","https://openalex.org/W7033277716","https://openalex.org/W1495463697","https://openalex.org/W3023638619","https://openalex.org/W3110614394","https://openalex.org/W142947518","https://openalex.org/W352424723","https://openalex.org/W3022810461","https://openalex.org/W4245218373"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}