{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1511316972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001872088002200509","title":"Perception of Horizontal Aircraft Separation on a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information","display_name":"Perception of Horizontal Aircraft Separation on a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information","publication_year":1980,"publication_date":"1980-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1511316972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001872088002200509","mag":"1511316972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/001872088002200509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001872088002200509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001872088002200509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111869580","display_name":"Everett A. Palmer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Everett A. Palmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Man-Vehicle Systems Research Division, Ames Research Center, NASA, Moffett Field, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Man-Vehicle Systems Research Division, Ames Research Center, NASA, Moffett Field, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085450253","display_name":"S. Jago","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon J. Jago","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Jose State University, San Jose, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Jose State University, San Jose, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035894824","display_name":"Daniel L. Baty","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel L. Baty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Man-Vehicle Systems Research Division, Ames Research Center, NASA, Moffett Field, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Man-Vehicle Systems Research Division, Ames Research Center, NASA, Moffett Field, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068725748","display_name":"S. Oconnor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon L. O'Connor","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Jose State University, San Jose, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Jose State University, San Jose, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97170732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":"605","last_page":"620"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.031099999323487282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cockpit-display-of-traffic-information","display_name":"cockpit display of traffic information","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-information","display_name":"predictive information","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/map-orientation","display_name":"map orientation","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/map-scale","display_name":"map scale","score":0.9679999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30322324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194156","display_name":"Cockpit","level":2,"score":0.896770715713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451805","display_name":"Separation (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6840492486953735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6227045059204102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5295423269271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166961238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221395","display_name":"Air traffic control","level":2,"score":0.5068977475166321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.49692466855049133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.47299036383628845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.460791677236557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776506782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031057","display_name":"Information display systems","level":2,"score":0.45381730794906616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41376638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214932","display_name":"Flight simulator","level":2,"score":0.4529796838760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.4520031809806824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14624660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1443672","display_name":"Pilotage","level":2,"score":0.4267944395542145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4241608679294586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34508758783340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15961959958076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.10828319191932678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10142481327056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/001872088002200509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001872088002200509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001872088002200509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.958.6060","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.958.6060","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://hfs.sagepub.com/content/22/5/605.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W561026973","https://openalex.org/W755364372","https://openalex.org/W1987253152","https://openalex.org/W2497868411","https://openalex.org/W4253831977"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W561026973","https://openalex.org/W787504698","https://openalex.org/W755364372","https://openalex.org/W1965941618","https://openalex.org/W2075848860","https://openalex.org/W231053100","https://openalex.org/W7098136940","https://openalex.org/W2173979362","https://openalex.org/W2366308353","https://openalex.org/W807772761"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Perception":[0],"of":[1,8,24,32,59,63,69,93,118],"aircraft":[2,25,53,94],"separation":[3],"on":[4,121],"a":[5],"cockpit":[6],"display":[7,18,33,92,123,140],"traffic":[9],"information":[10,22,120],"(CDTI)":[11],"may":[12],"be":[13],"influenced":[14],"by":[15,84],"many":[16],"different":[17],"elements":[19],"such":[20],"as:":[21],"content":[23],"predictors":[26],"and":[27,30,40],"history,":[28],"number":[29],"type":[31],"background":[34],"elements,":[35],"map":[36,38],"orientation,":[37],"scale,":[39],"update":[41],"rate.":[42,96,114],"The":[43,67],"experimental":[44],"task":[45],"required":[46],"subjects":[47],"to":[48,112,126,147],"judge":[49],"whether":[50],"an":[51],"intruder":[52],"would":[54],"ultimately":[55],"pass":[56],"in":[57,61,137],"front":[58],"or":[60],"back":[62],"their":[64],"own":[65],"aircraft.":[66],"results":[68],"nine":[70],"experiments":[71],"are":[72],"described.":[73],"Displayed":[74],"history":[75],"did":[76,129],"not":[77,130],"improve":[78],"performance,":[79],"although":[80],"it":[81],"was":[82,88,134,143],"desired":[83],"pilots":[85],"when":[86,101,139],"there":[87],"no":[89,135],"other":[90],"explicit":[91],"turn":[95,113],"Pilots":[97],"made":[98],"fewer":[99],"errors":[100],"they":[102],"had":[103],"predictive":[104],"information,":[105],"especially":[106],"with":[107],"the":[108,116,122],"predictor":[109],"curved":[110],"proportional":[111],"Varying":[115],"rate":[117],"updating":[119],"from":[124,145],"0.1":[125],"4":[127],"s":[128],"affect":[131],"performance.":[132],"There":[133],"difference":[136],"performance":[138],"viewing":[141],"time":[142],"varied":[144],"1":[146],"16":[148],"s.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}