{"id":"https://openalex.org/W151007792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5555/1516595.1516601","title":"A PostScript tutorial","display_name":"A PostScript tutorial","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W151007792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5555/1516595.1516601","mag":"151007792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:151007792","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1516595.1516601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56112914","display_name":"Journal of computing sciences in colleges","issn_l":"1937-4763","issn":["1937-4763","1937-4771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361727485","host_organization_name":"Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361727485"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of computing sciences in colleges","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111914448","display_name":"J.R. CLARK","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109963312","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Martin","ror":"https://ror.org/01244fm76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109963312"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J.R. CLARK","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee at Martin Martin TN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee at Martin Martin TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109963312"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111914448"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109963312"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"5","first_page":"27","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.37400001287460327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.37400001287460327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.30320000648498535,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12797","display_name":"History of Computing Technologies","score":0.18619999289512634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postscript","display_name":"PostScript","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/page-description-languages","display_name":"page description languages","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language-design","display_name":"programming language design","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/printing","display_name":"printing","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpreted-languages","display_name":"interpreted languages","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-databases","display_name":"graph databases","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language-tutorial","display_name":"programming language tutorial","score":0.328000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7369831204414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6169134974479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.6095958948135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992317946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q712144","display_name":"De facto","level":2,"score":0.5544129610061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.5517975687980652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986538900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129793","display_name":"Adobe photoshop","level":3,"score":0.4394012987613678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.4347078204154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3475760221481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.21804547309875488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:151007792","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1516595.1516601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56112914","display_name":"Journal of computing sciences in colleges","issn_l":"1937-4763","issn":["1937-4763","1937-4771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361727485","host_organization_name":"Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361727485"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of computing sciences in colleges","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3006348320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5555/1516595.1516601","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1516595.1516601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56112914","display_name":"Journal of computing sciences in colleges","issn_l":"1937-4763","issn":["1937-4763","1937-4771"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361727485","host_organization_name":"Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361727485"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of computing sciences in colleges","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2764466240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006348320","https://openalex.org/W4252503857","https://openalex.org/W2291439503","https://openalex.org/W2000000525","https://openalex.org/W2487154548","https://openalex.org/W2898769272","https://openalex.org/W4249759786","https://openalex.org/W962574059","https://openalex.org/W2467485943","https://openalex.org/W2222006895"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"John":[1],"Warnock":[2],"and":[3,42,49,75],"Chuck":[4],"Geschke":[5],"founded":[6],"Adobe":[7],"Systems":[8],"in":[9,63],"1982,":[10],"they":[11],"undertook":[12],"the":[13,16,30,58,64,79],"design":[14],"of":[15,23,32],"PostScript":[17,54],"programming":[18],"language":[19,35,61],"---":[20],"an":[21,33],"outgrowth":[22],"Warnockand":[24],"others'":[25],"1976":[26],"research":[27],"project":[28],"exploring":[29],"use":[31],"interpreted":[34],"to":[36,47,77],"build":[37],"large":[38],"graphical":[39,50],"data":[40],"bases":[41],"Warnock's":[43],"later":[44],"work":[45],"related":[46],"printing":[48],"arts.":[51],"In":[52],"1985":[53],"was":[55],"used":[56],"as":[57],"page":[59],"description":[60],"(PDL)":[62],"Apple":[65],"LaserWriter,":[66],"successfully":[67],"competing":[68],"against":[69],"PDLs":[70],"developed":[71],"by":[72],"HP,":[73],"Xerox,":[74],"IBM":[76],"become":[78],"de-facto":[80],"standard.":[81]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}