{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1509627664","doi":null,"title":"Employer attitudes toward older workers: Survey results","display_name":"Employer attitudes toward older workers: Survey results","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1509627664","mag":"1509627664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1509627664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://calbooming.sdsu.edu/documents/EmployerAttitudesTowardolderWorkers2006.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085286977","display_name":"Alicia Haydock Munnell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-639X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-639X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alicia H. Munnell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101703192","display_name":"Mauricio Soto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-2274","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-2274"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauricio Soto","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-2274","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012742950","display_name":"Steven A. Sass","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven A. Sass","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-workers","display_name":"older workers","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employer-perceptions","display_name":"employer perceptions","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-of-older-workers","display_name":"employment of older workers","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement-security","display_name":"retirement security","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-longer","display_name":"working longer","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-retirement-incentives","display_name":"early retirement incentives","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-costs","display_name":"labor costs","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-collar-workers","display_name":"white-collar workers","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-applicants","display_name":"job applicants","score":0.367000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.8270974159240723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777111884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Social security","level":2,"score":0.7379445433616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.6092991828918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5566036701202393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.5506635308265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5466899275779724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.49657517671585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.42287445068359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3548060953617096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.18052560091018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1100720763206482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1509627664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://calbooming.sdsu.edu/documents/EmployerAttitudesTowardolderWorkers2006.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124758339","https://openalex.org/W2171625639","https://openalex.org/W2609000513"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3123501060","https://openalex.org/W7018799764","https://openalex.org/W6990766703","https://openalex.org/W2164017718","https://openalex.org/W7112347969","https://openalex.org/W7047163800","https://openalex.org/W2118592881","https://openalex.org/W7143333257","https://openalex.org/W4415067503","https://openalex.org/W2077591129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today":[0],"men":[1],"on":[2,304],"average":[3],"retire":[4,26],"at":[5,9,270],"63":[6],"and":[7,11,62,128,229,291,295,300,302],"women":[8],"62,":[10],"they":[12,30,40,159,224],"can":[13],"expect":[14],"to":[15,25,49,60,66,73,80,88,111,114,124,137,147,153,200,204,234,286],"spend":[16],"20":[17],"years":[18],"in":[19,104],"retirement.":[20],"But":[21,157],"if":[22],"Americans":[23],"continue":[24],"as":[27,29,52],"early":[28,197],"do":[31],"today,":[32],"many":[33,192],"will":[34,45,158],"not":[35,168],"have":[36,67,136,167,183],"adequate":[37],"income":[38],"once":[39],"stop":[41],"working.":[42],"Social":[43,105],"Security":[44,106],"provide":[46],"less":[47,314],"relative":[48,289],"pre-retirement":[50],"earnings":[51],"the":[53,81,101,131,207,230,239,247,259,265,288],"normal":[54],"retirement":[55,82,142,198],"age":[56,298],"rises":[57],"from":[58,232],"65":[59],"67":[61],"those":[63],"lucky":[64],"enough":[65],"a":[68,95,181,185,221,255,275],"401(k)":[69,116],"plan":[70],"are":[71,213,225],"likely":[72],"find":[74,160],"their":[75,115,120,141,155,317],"balances":[76],"inadequate.":[77],"One":[78],"solution":[79],"security":[83],"challenge":[84],"is":[85],"for":[86,267],"people":[87,110,135],"work":[89],"longer.":[90],"Working":[91],"longer":[92],"directly":[93],"increases":[94],"person\u2019s":[96],"current":[97],"income;":[98],"it":[99,108,118,129,145],"avoids":[100],"actuarial":[102],"reduction":[103],"benefits;":[107],"allows":[109,119],"contribute":[112],"more":[113,122,226,312],"plans;":[117],"assets":[121],"time":[123,188],"accumulate":[125],"investment":[126],"earnings;":[127],"shortens":[130],"period":[132],"over":[133],"which":[134,244],"support":[138],"themselves":[139],"with":[140],"assets.":[143],"So":[144],"stands":[146],"reason":[148],"that":[149,165],"workers":[150,178,203,212,219,297],"would":[151],"choose":[152],"extend":[154],"careers.":[156],"employment?":[161],"Some":[162],"evidence":[163],"suggests":[164],"employers":[166,193,283],"been":[169],"especially":[170],"fond":[171],"of":[172,242,250,258,262,277,293],"older":[173,177,202,211,218,251,263,301,306],"workers.":[174,252],"For":[175],"example,":[176],"who":[179],"lose":[180],"job":[182,309],"had":[184],"much":[186],"harder":[187],"finding":[189],"another.":[190],"And":[191],"actually":[194],"use":[195],"sweetened":[196],"incentives":[199],"get":[201,254],"leave.":[205],"On":[206],"other":[208],"hand,":[209],"today\u2019s":[210],"far":[214],"better":[215,256],"educated":[216],"than":[217,316],"just":[220],"decade":[222],"ago;":[223],"physically":[227],"fit;":[228],"shift":[231],"goods-producing":[233],"services-producing":[235],"jobs":[236],"has":[237],"reduced":[238],"physical":[240],"demands":[241],"work,":[243],"should":[245],"enhance":[246],"employment":[248,260],"prospects":[249,261],"To":[253],"understanding":[257],"workers,":[264],"Center":[266],"Retirement":[268],"Research":[269],"Boston":[271],"College":[272],"(CRR)":[273],"conducted":[274],"survey":[276],"400":[278],"private":[279],"sector":[280],"employers.":[281],"These":[282],"were":[284,311],"asked":[285],"evaluate":[287],"productivity":[290],"cost":[292],"white-collar":[294],"rank-and-file":[296],"55":[299],"whether,":[303],"balance,":[305],"employees":[307],"or":[308,313],"candidates":[310],"attractive":[315],"younger":[318],"counterparts.":[319]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
