{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1506858303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","title":"3D chemical characterization of frozen hydrated hydrogels using ToF-SIMS with argon cluster sputter depth profiling","display_name":"3D chemical characterization of frozen hydrated hydrogels using ToF-SIMS with argon cluster sputter depth profiling","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1506858303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","mag":"1506858303","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26253107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1116/1.4928209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","pdf_url":"https://avs.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1116/1.4928209","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68168660","display_name":"Biointerphases","issn_l":"1559-4106","issn":["1559-4106","1934-8630"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biointerphases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://avs.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1116/1.4928209","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michael Taylor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023556737","display_name":"David J. Scurr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0859-3886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0859-3886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Scurr","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004455575","display_name":"Matthias P. L\u00fctolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-305X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-305X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Lutolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, , Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, , Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053388043","display_name":"Lee D.K. Buttery","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3808-6770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3808-6770"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee Buttery","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019353473","display_name":"Mischa Zelzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6086-2206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6086-2206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mischa Zelzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004331670","display_name":"Morgan R. Alexander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5182-493X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5182-493X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morgan Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy, , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":{"value":1884,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2031},"fwci":1.1409,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74330272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"02A301","last_page":"02A301"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12166","display_name":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12166","display_name":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10683","display_name":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10343","display_name":"Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1313","display_name":"Molecular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogels","display_name":"hydrogels","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-flight-secondary-ion-mass-spectrometry","display_name":"time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poly-2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate","display_name":"poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-distribution","display_name":"protein distribution","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protonated-water-clusters","display_name":"protonated water clusters","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-detection","display_name":"ice detection","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-culture-supports","display_name":"cell culture supports","score":0.49300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22423302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898444","display_name":"Sputtering","level":3,"score":0.7041462063789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108586683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164826","display_name":"Self-healing hydrogels","level":2,"score":0.6965305209159851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547737533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696","display_name":"Argon","level":2,"score":0.6743602752685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6255500316619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5699858665466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5552246570587158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.4886346459388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.4044557809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3883196711540222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3319389820098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3317255973815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.18755418062210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.18381154537200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.15936020016670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.09816199541091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08436784148216248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001128","descriptor_name":"Argon","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005615","descriptor_name":"Freezing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007834","descriptor_name":"Lasers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009113","descriptor_name":"Muramidase","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018629","descriptor_name":"Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020100","descriptor_name":"Hydrogels","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1116/1.4928209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","pdf_url":"https://avs.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1116/1.4928209","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68168660","display_name":"Biointerphases","issn_l":"1559-4106","issn":["1559-4106","1934-8630"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biointerphases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26253107","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26253107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biointerphases","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/:759364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/759364","pdf_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/preview/759382/ToF-SIMS%20of%20Frozen%20Hydrated%20Hydrogels.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.nottingham.ac.uk:30879","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30879/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402014","display_name":"Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:221837","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/221837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:221837","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/221837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1116/1.4928209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4928209","pdf_url":"https://avs.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1116/1.4928209","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68168660","display_name":"Biointerphases","issn_l":"1559-4106","issn":["1559-4106","1934-8630"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biointerphases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G276652236","display_name":"University of Nottingham - Equipment Account","funder_award_id":"EP/K005138/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4371135485","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1222249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7938115760","display_name":"Next Generation Biomaterials Discovery","funder_award_id":"EP/N006615/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320324","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1506858303.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1506858303.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1652176404","https://openalex.org/W1963495330","https://openalex.org/W1966101847","https://openalex.org/W1966399342","https://openalex.org/W1967188390","https://openalex.org/W1972185682","https://openalex.org/W1974029289","https://openalex.org/W1985753871","https://openalex.org/W1988432563","https://openalex.org/W1990385031","https://openalex.org/W2007609898","https://openalex.org/W2016489419","https://openalex.org/W2041682223","https://openalex.org/W2042617428","https://openalex.org/W2045830142","https://openalex.org/W2046515627","https://openalex.org/W2046576188","https://openalex.org/W2058368775","https://openalex.org/W2076596830","https://openalex.org/W2092742346","https://openalex.org/W2100522878","https://openalex.org/W2107826536","https://openalex.org/W2110078040","https://openalex.org/W2110947634","https://openalex.org/W2124444067","https://openalex.org/W2130606072","https://openalex.org/W2132882085","https://openalex.org/W2136502747","https://openalex.org/W2140201853","https://openalex.org/W2154138455"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748149185","https://openalex.org/W1999415258","https://openalex.org/W4286853427","https://openalex.org/W2023510991","https://openalex.org/W4416951686","https://openalex.org/W2043618919","https://openalex.org/W2018764547","https://openalex.org/W7160646220","https://openalex.org/W1970867625","https://openalex.org/W2045493559"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hydrogels":[0],"have":[1,74],"been":[2],"used":[3],"extensively":[4],"in":[5,37,142,152,156],"bioengineering":[6],"as":[7],"artificial":[8],"cell":[9],"culture":[10],"supports.":[11],"Investigation":[12],"of":[13,70,85,129,178,186,203],"the":[14,20,47,61,92,135,138,158,183,187,193,201],"interrelationship":[15],"between":[16,134],"cellular":[17],"response":[18],"to":[19,39,63,81,119],"hydrogel":[21,195],"and":[22,33,44,51,148],"its":[23],"chemistry":[24],"ideally":[25],"requires":[26],"methods":[27,118],"that":[28,165,175],"allow":[29],"characterization":[30,69],"without":[31,91],"labels":[32],"can":[34,124,197],"map":[35],"species":[36],"three-dimensional":[38],"follow":[40],"biomolecules":[41],"adsorbed":[42],"to,":[43],"absorbed":[45],"into,":[46],"open":[48],"structure":[49],"before":[50],"during":[52],"culture.":[53],"Time-of-flight":[54],"secondary":[55,208],"ion":[56,209],"mass":[57],"spectrometry":[58],"(ToF-SIMS)":[59],"has":[60],"potential":[62],"be":[64,125,198],"utilized":[65],"for":[66,94],"through":[67,182,192],"thickness":[68,185],"hydrogels.":[71],"The":[72,189],"authors":[73],"established":[75],"a":[76,104,110,143,204],"simple":[77],"sample":[78],"preparation":[79],"procedure":[80],"successfully":[82],"achieve":[83],"analysis":[84],"frozen":[86],"hydrated":[87],"hydrogels":[88],"using":[89,116,200],"ToF-SIMS":[90],"need":[93],"dry":[95],"glove":[96],"box":[97],"entry":[98],"equipment.":[99],"They":[100],"demonstrate":[101,120],"this":[102],"on":[103],"poly(2-hydroxyethyl":[105],"methacrylate)":[106],"(pHEMA)":[107],"film":[108,159],"where":[109,137,149,171],"model":[111],"protein":[112,122,139],"(lysozyme)":[113],"is":[114,132,140,151,160,163],"incorporated":[115],"two":[117],"how":[121],"distribution":[123,191],"determined.":[126],"A":[127],"comparison":[128],"lysozyme":[130,150,190],"incorporation":[131],"made":[133],"situation":[136],"present":[141],"polymer":[144],"dip":[145],"coating":[146],"solution":[147],"an":[153],"aqueous":[154],"medium":[155],"which":[157],"incubated.":[161],"It":[162],"shown":[164],"protonated":[166],"water":[167],"clusters":[168],"H(H2O)n":[169],"(+)":[170],"n":[172],"=":[173],"5-11":[174],"are":[176,180],"indicative":[177],"ice":[179],"detected":[181],"entire":[184],"pHEMA.":[188],"pHEMA":[194],"films":[196],"determined":[199],"intensity":[202],"characteristic":[205],"amino":[206],"acid":[207],"fragment.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}