{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1504847010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.52-0414","title":"Nation of outlaws, state of violence: nationalism, Grassfields tradition, and state building in Cameroon","display_name":"Nation of outlaws, state of violence: nationalism, Grassfields tradition, and state building in Cameroon","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1504847010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.52-0414","mag":"1504847010"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.52-0414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.52-0414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.52-0414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":95,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"01","first_page":"52","last_page":"0414"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14141","display_name":"Colonial History and Postcolonial Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13938","display_name":"Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/union-des-populations-du-cameroun","display_name":"Union des Populations du Cameroun","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-building","display_name":"state building","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decolonization","display_name":"decolonization","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postcolonial-state","display_name":"postcolonial state","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-violence","display_name":"political violence","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/un-trusteeship","display_name":"UN trusteeship","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pan-africanism","display_name":"Pan-Africanism","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-human-rights","display_name":"international human rights","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-war","display_name":"Cold War","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-party-rule","display_name":"one-party rule","score":0.7689999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521449643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6235","display_name":"Nationalism","level":3,"score":0.8771567344665527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.6763084530830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6331535577774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6286529898643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135544838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230533","display_name":"Decolonization","level":3,"score":0.551947832107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4889484643936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780781376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42138","display_name":"Citizenship","level":3,"score":0.42020687460899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780292708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6979779","display_name":"Nationalist Movement","level":4,"score":0.4181278944015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.40826916694641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.365800678730011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.3592328727245331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.33539846539497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2883244454860687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.52-0414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.52-0414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.52-0414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8399999737739563}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2464969231","https://openalex.org/W2117245677","https://openalex.org/W353204746","https://openalex.org/W2135601918","https://openalex.org/W6983624876","https://openalex.org/W2589022753","https://openalex.org/W3082362928","https://openalex.org/W7024469343","https://openalex.org/W2922068225","https://openalex.org/W1591966277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nation":[0,52,184],"of":[1,4,11,37,53,56,61,100,106,127,185,188,201,208,222,237,244,259,284],"Outlaws,":[2,54,186],"State":[3,55,187],"Violence":[5,57,189],"is":[6,262,280],"the":[7,16,23,26,35,38,59,62,72,76,84,95,104,125,140,143,154,156,176,191,199,205,209,235,245,257,260,268,285],"first":[8,77],"extensive":[9],"history":[10,236,258],"Cameroonian":[12,238],"nationalism":[13,239],"to":[14,131,179,234,241,250,271,274,289],"consider":[15],"global":[17],"and":[18,28,31,45,86,112,119,136,167,195,204,240],"local":[19,117,194],"influences":[20],"that":[21,122,248,265],"shaped":[22],"movement":[24,70],"within":[25],"French":[27,85,135],"British":[29,87,137],"Cameroons":[30],"beyond.":[32],"Drawing":[33],"on":[34,252],"archives":[36],"United":[39],"Nations,":[40],"France,":[41],"Great":[42],"Britain,":[43],"Ghana,":[44],"Cameroon,":[46],"as":[47,49,91,124,149,175,218,232],"well":[48],"oral":[50],"sources,":[51],"chronicles":[58],"spread":[60],"Union":[63],"des":[64],"populations":[65],"du":[66],"Cameroun":[67],"(UPC)":[68],"nationalist":[69,157,224],"from":[71],"late":[73],"1940s":[74],"into":[75],"postcolonial":[78,161,246,286],"decade.":[79],"It":[80],"shows":[81],"how,":[82],"in":[83,142,182,198],"Cameroon":[88],"territories":[89],"administered":[90],"UN":[92],"Trusteeships":[93],"after":[94],"Second":[96],"World":[97,108],"War,":[98],"notions":[99],"international":[101],"human":[102],"rights,":[103],"promise":[105],"Third":[107],"independence,":[109,278],"Pan-African":[110],"federation,":[111],"national":[113],"citizenship":[114],"blended":[115],"with":[116,267,277],"political":[118,275],"spiritual":[120],"practices":[121],"resurfaced":[123],"period":[126],"European":[128],"rule":[129,181],"came":[130,249],"a":[132,150,263,282,291],"close.":[133],"After":[134],"administrators":[138],"banned":[139],"party":[141],"mid-1950s,":[144],"UPC":[145,164,261],"nationalists":[146,165],"adopted":[147],"violence":[148],"revolutionary":[151],"strategy.":[152],"In":[153],"1960s,":[155],"vision":[158],"disintegrated.":[159],"The":[160],"regime":[162],"labeled":[163],"\\u201coutlaws\\u201d":[166],"rounded":[168],"them":[169],"up":[170],"for":[171],"imprisonment":[172],"or":[173],"execution":[174],"state":[177],"shifted":[178],"single-party":[180],"1966.":[183],"traces":[190],"connection":[192],"between":[193],"transregional":[196],"politics":[197],"age":[200],"Africa's":[202],"decolonization":[203],"early":[206],"decades":[207],"Cold":[210],"War.":[211],"Rather":[212],"than":[213],"stop":[214],"at":[215],"official":[216],"independence":[217],"most":[219],"conventional":[220],"histories":[221],"African":[223],"movements":[225],"do,":[226],"this":[227],"book":[228],"considers":[229],"postindependence":[230],"events":[231],"crucial":[233],"an":[242],"understanding":[243],"government":[247],"power":[251,276],"1":[253],"January":[254],"1960.":[255],"While":[256],"story":[264,283],"ends":[266],"party's":[269],"failure":[270,288],"gain":[272],"access":[273],"it":[279],"also":[281],"state's":[287],"become":[290],"nation.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}