{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1504738237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471224421.ch1","title":"Statistical Analysis of Protein Folding Kinetics","display_name":"Statistical Analysis of Protein Folding Kinetics","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1504738237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471224421.ch1","mag":"1504738237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/0471224421.ch1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471224421.ch1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471224421.ch1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71577765","display_name":"Advances in chemical physics","issn_l":"0065-2385","issn":["0065-2385","1934-4791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","raw_type":"other"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W569685942","display_name":"Computational Methods for Protein Folding"},"type":"other","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075498364","display_name":"Aaron R. Dinner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-6427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-6427","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2871-7244"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron R. Dinner","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083929639","display_name":"Sung\u2010Sau So","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung\u2010Sau So","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Discovery Chemistry, Nutley, NJ, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Discovery Chemistry, Nutley, NJ, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076499540","display_name":"Martin Karplus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-6117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-6117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Karplus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A","Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, Institut le Bel, Universite\u0301 Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France","New Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique, Institut le Bel, Universite\u0301 Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11124","display_name":"Protein purification and stability","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding-kinetics","display_name":"protein folding kinetics","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-state-folding","display_name":"two-state folding","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/folding-intermediates","display_name":"folding intermediates","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding-rate","display_name":"folding rate","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-stability","display_name":"protein stability","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-model","display_name":"lattice model","score":0.6010000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148898269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108792","display_name":"Kinetics","level":2,"score":0.7262364029884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776545253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5464292","display_name":"Folding (DSP implementation)","level":2,"score":0.6707472801208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204328495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847556","display_name":"Protein folding","level":2,"score":0.6080852746963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.5903364419937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.49206966161727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.43483415246009827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53942344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951651","display_name":"Fold (higher-order function)","level":2,"score":0.4106840491294861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.38771185278892517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.3557705283164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.3261255621910095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3029915392398834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27156439423561096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26982569694519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2036210596561432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.11549872159957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10260960459709167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/0471224421.ch1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471224421.ch1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471224421.ch1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71577765","display_name":"Advances in chemical physics","issn_l":"0065-2385","issn":["0065-2385","1934-4791"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526967281","https://openalex.org/W1530704185","https://openalex.org/W1569560802","https://openalex.org/W1593625064","https://openalex.org/W1593987163","https://openalex.org/W1606365631","https://openalex.org/W1899071745","https://openalex.org/W1963688013","https://openalex.org/W1966712500","https://openalex.org/W1969533855","https://openalex.org/W1971731200","https://openalex.org/W1975414367","https://openalex.org/W1976271045","https://openalex.org/W1983839347","https://openalex.org/W1984148408","https://openalex.org/W1988176696","https://openalex.org/W1989297730","https://openalex.org/W1990260091","https://openalex.org/W1990644981","https://openalex.org/W1992441637","https://openalex.org/W1993487990","https://openalex.org/W1995765071","https://openalex.org/W2003171997","https://openalex.org/W2005051528","https://openalex.org/W2005865331","https://openalex.org/W2008403856","https://openalex.org/W2008708467","https://openalex.org/W2009467983","https://openalex.org/W2011422283","https://openalex.org/W2014798121","https://openalex.org/W2016019576","https://openalex.org/W2024304474","https://openalex.org/W2027095682","https://openalex.org/W2032008622","https://openalex.org/W2044672456","https://openalex.org/W2049043767","https://openalex.org/W2051812123","https://openalex.org/W2056528113","https://openalex.org/W2059400471","https://openalex.org/W2062784336","https://openalex.org/W2063260399","https://openalex.org/W2064810205","https://openalex.org/W2066010782","https://openalex.org/W2067323731","https://openalex.org/W2071075252","https://openalex.org/W2072843928","https://openalex.org/W2075505388","https://openalex.org/W2076430296","https://openalex.org/W2079492386","https://openalex.org/W2081113755","https://openalex.org/W2081760211","https://openalex.org/W2087729059","https://openalex.org/W2089597488","https://openalex.org/W2104704906","https://openalex.org/W2111193871","https://openalex.org/W2112032866","https://openalex.org/W2115824900","https://openalex.org/W2123009423","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2128237489","https://openalex.org/W2129942180","https://openalex.org/W2131218957","https://openalex.org/W2133671888","https://openalex.org/W2144625378","https://openalex.org/W2144729032","https://openalex.org/W2145010489","https://openalex.org/W2146606022","https://openalex.org/W2152474890","https://openalex.org/W2153889095","https://openalex.org/W2165222310","https://openalex.org/W2178631187","https://openalex.org/W2334565804"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095205630","https://openalex.org/W7145883295","https://openalex.org/W2051319502","https://openalex.org/W2053214032","https://openalex.org/W2165222310","https://openalex.org/W2062784336","https://openalex.org/W2140220011","https://openalex.org/W2102243943","https://openalex.org/W2254733898","https://openalex.org/W2068540815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"an":[3,80],"increasing":[4],"number":[5],"of":[6,26,37,82,95,106,109,129],"proteins":[7,39,111],"that":[8,41,59,112],"lack":[9],"significantly":[10],"populated":[11],"folding":[12,18,43],"intermediates":[13],"and":[14,23,71,92,135,144],"thus":[15],"exhibit":[16],"two-state":[17],"kinetics":[19,119],"have":[20,28],"been":[21,29],"identified,":[22],"a":[24,54,62,93,107],"range":[25],"data":[27],"tabulated":[30],"for":[31],"them.":[32],"The":[33,127],"initial":[34],"linear":[35],"analyses":[36],"such":[38],"indicated":[40],"their":[42,49],"rates":[44],"are":[45,74],"determined":[46],"primarily":[47],"by":[48],"native":[50],"structures.":[51],"More":[52],"recently,":[53],"nonlinear,":[55],"multiple-descriptor":[56],"approach":[57],"revealed":[58],"there":[60],"is":[61,120,139],"significant":[63],"dependence":[64],"on":[65],"the":[66,83,96,130,136],"stability":[67],"as":[68],"well.":[69],"These":[70],"related":[72],"studies":[73,138],"discussed":[75,140],"in":[76,87,122,141],"Section":[77],"IV.A,":[78],"after":[79],"overview":[81],"statistical":[84,131],"methods":[85],"employed":[86],"this":[88],"area":[89],"(Section":[90,101],"II)":[91],"review":[94],"results":[97,132],"from":[98],"lattice":[99],"models":[100],"III).":[102],"An":[103],"in-depth":[104],"analysis":[105],"database":[108],"33":[110],"fold":[113],"with":[114],"two-":[115],"or":[116],"weakly":[117],"three-state":[118],"presented":[121],"Sections":[123,142],"IV.B":[124],"through":[125],"V.":[126],"relation":[128],"to":[133],"experiments":[134],"model":[137],"VI":[143],"VII.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
