{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1504274331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796692","title":"The Future of Legal Ethics","display_name":"The Future of Legal Ethics","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1504274331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796692","mag":"1504274331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/796692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796692","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161895660","display_name":"The Yale Law Journal","issn_l":"0044-0094","issn":["0044-0094","1939-8611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322696530","host_organization_name":"The Yale Law Journal Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322696530"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Yale Law Journal Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Yale Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2380","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113880282","display_name":"Geoffrey C. Hazard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey C. Hazard","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113880282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20091575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"100","issue":"5","first_page":"1239","last_page":"1239"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12755","display_name":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12755","display_name":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13075","display_name":"Legal Systems and Judicial Processes","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-ethics","display_name":"legal ethics","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-profession-reform","display_name":"legal profession reform","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-responsibility","display_name":"professional responsibility","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-legal-profession","display_name":"American legal profession","score":0.5130000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.578575611114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.41348108649253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.37258994579315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10955733060836792}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/796692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796692","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161895660","display_name":"The Yale Law Journal","issn_l":"0044-0094","issn":["0044-0094","1939-8611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322696530","host_organization_name":"The Yale Law Journal Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322696530"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Yale Law Journal Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Yale Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.law.yale.edu:fss_papers-3314","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2380","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship Series","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.uchastings.edu:faculty_scholarship-1231","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship/232","pdf_url":"https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1231&context=faculty_scholarship","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.law.yale.edu:ylj-7340","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/ylj/vol100/iss5/5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Yale Law Journal","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/845671","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/845671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:105894","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.law.yale.edu:fss_papers-3314","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2380","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship Series","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1504274331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1504274331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980207861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2306274632","https://openalex.org/W1508954318","https://openalex.org/W3044802726","https://openalex.org/W261129747","https://openalex.org/W246449044","https://openalex.org/W4414158940","https://openalex.org/W220595090","https://openalex.org/W7164661461","https://openalex.org/W6983095165","https://openalex.org/W1527757074"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dissatisfaction":[0],"with":[1],"lawyers":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4],"chronic":[5],"grievance,":[6],"and":[7],"inspires":[8],"periodiccalls":[9],"for":[10],"reform.":[11],"Nevertheless,":[12],"the":[13,17,26],"contemporary":[14],"problems":[15],"of":[16],"Americanlegal":[18],"profession":[19],"seem":[20],"to":[21],"run":[22],"deeper":[23],"than":[24],"in":[25],"past.":[27]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}